Kindergarten based on the Montessori system. For a 2-year-old child, kindergarten is an ideal place where he can become independent, sociable and inquisitive at such a young age. Therefore, it is important to decide which kindergarten and group to enroll him in.
Child at 2 years old. Montessori kindergarten - the best solution for modern parents
Why not pay attention to the Montessori kindergarten, where each group is created taking into account the inclinations of the children, and not their age.
The manuals and materials that followers of the principle of child development for 1-3 years old, developed by Maria Montessori, will study are aimed at developing motor skills and coordination of movements. After some time, you will notice how independent your child has become.
Starting from the age of 2, the baby will be familiar with the rules of counting and the basics of Russian speech. Teachers will help him learn about the world around him, but will not use physical force if he behaves badly.
The most interesting thing is that they do not force the child to study, allowing him to freely develop the way he wants.
You, as a caring parent, should know that there are from 15 to 20 children in a Montessori group. Each group includes both toddlers and preschoolers. The rule that is followed here is that the group must include children of all ages.
How does this kind of kindergarten differ from ordinary kindergartens?
A 2-year-old child simply hates kindergarten, because he doesn’t like being forced to study and constantly do something. The Montessori kindergarten does not try to artificially speed up the pace of his development, which means that, unlike his peers who mostly sit at home or attend a traditional kindergarten, he can decide much faster what he is interested in and what he is not “in the mood for.” You will see that he becomes independent.
The child is free to choose activities and can, of his own free will, whenever he wants, change the type of activity. The manuals and materials that all Montessori teachers rely on are designed so that the child can use them independently.
Of course, it should be taken into account that after such a right of free choice, permissiveness, it will be difficult for the child to adapt to the education system in a regular school at first. Still, there he will be forced to obey the will of the teachers and the strict school curriculum.
Montessori program in kindergarten, features
The development of a child aged 1-3 years will be comprehensive, since each group has a large number of unique educational games and, accordingly, benefits. Thus, the baby will train fine motor skills and master the vital skills of lacing shoes, fastening clothes without the help of adults, etc.
To coordinate movements, he will be asked to perform simple exercises from the Montessori system: “Pink Tower”, “Staircase”, “Cylinder Blocks” and others. All play equipment is made of natural wood, which does not cause allergic reactions in children.
Kindergartens using the Montessori system for child development
A 2-year-old child will love kindergarten using the Montessori method, and you can be sure of that. After all, the room in which children study is divided into a corner of life practice, the development of the 6 senses, and there are also three more corners: mathematical, space and language. Interested?
Many parents attach great importance to preschool education, so when choosing Montessori kindergartens, it is important to be confident in the professionalism of the teachers. The Orgpage directory contains 34 organizations located in Moscow. Information about them is formed from the following points:
- titles;
- contact details (telephone, address);
- services provided in the field of education;
- preschool work schedule.
They choose the best for children, which is why we compile a rating of Montessori kindergartens on our resource. It allows you to find the optimal educational program to receive additional education, prepare your child for school, and improve the level of preschool education. To do this, we collect reviews from real visitors to preschool institutions; at the moment there are 17 of them. The institution that attracted the greatest interest was the Phoenix Children's Center and Kindergarten, which has 6 ratings. Our visitors considered “Development Academy” the best, giving it the highest rating score of 5.
Do you want to know more about the Development Academy, Apple Tree Nursery School, The World Around or other institutions in Moscow? Then use our website. Here you can also find the nearest establishments on Keramicheskiy proezd, st. Boytsovaya, st. Okskaya.
Often young parents are faced with a very difficult choice: on the one hand, you want to give your child the maximum that you can, but on the other hand, you don’t want to spoil him unnecessarily and become a callous egoist. Therefore, when there is a choice between kindergarten or home schooling before school, many, given the opportunity to choose, of course, begin to get lost. After all, there may be viruses and diseases in the garden, harmful and tired teachers due to the eternal lack of nannies, and lack of walks. In general, they will not take care of the child; he will eventually become stupid and will not be able to solve basic issues even regarding self-care. This is what mothers think, whose experience was negative. Yes, there are failures in the education system, and the selection of personnel sometimes leaves much to be desired. Not every kindergarten teacher has a calling to work with children. But! In any case, they have undergone special training and use work programs (according to the Montessori method, including), spend all their working time in an environment with children and are much better prepared than we are. Moreover, nowadays various interesting theories and methods of education are often introduced in kindergartens. Today we will talk about Maria Montessori's method in kindergarten.
Kindergarten using the Maria Montessori method
Nowadays, the method of raising children has become very popular. The basis of this method is that the child is his own teacher. The child is given complete freedom of action and choice of decisions. And the role of an adult is reduced to organizing areas and producing didactic materials used to implement children's plans. Along the way, the adult unobtrusively teaches the child, offering new solutions, but only if he agrees to mutual activity. They act in the same way in a group of kids, that is, if they want to help each other, then they are not interfered with, because they are looking for the answer to their question and finding a solution to the problem together.
Features of using the Montessori method in kindergarten
This method provides a specially prepared room: speech, sensory, creative, logical, mathematical, and other areas accessible to children.
Also fundamental in this methodology is that the child is isolated in advance from everything that is not permissible for him for objective reasons. All items dangerous to life and health, valuables that could be damaged by a child through carelessness or curiosity, are removed from sight and reach. This includes all necessary safety systems: closing sockets and switches, sharp corners, slippery, cold floors, and so on.
Before you start working kindergarten with Montessori method, state employees of the relevant ministries take over the premises, and teachers, for their own peace of mind, check every centimeter of the child’s “free zones”.
Unnoticed by the child, adults try to teach him moral and ethical models of behavior in society using loyal methods. Thus, in the garden using the Montessori method They are taught to interact, learn and teach their comrades. At home, you are unlikely to be able to teach them how to communicate with peers, even if you go to the playground. After all, the kids change on the playground, and there is no team as such. And the ability to live in a team, communicate and learn independence is very important for the little one and for you!
However, parents who are superficially familiar with the particulars of this technique often take into account only one aspect of it - the permissiveness of the child’s actions. But this incorrect and clearly one-sided knowledge leads to a diametric distortion of the result. After all, freedom of expression in decision-making and permissiveness are not the same thing. Maria Montessori Method gives children the opportunity to make decisions independently within the limits of their capabilities, gradually they learn to invent and look for different approaches to solving the same problem, but the result will be true and correct only if all the necessary requirements are met.
Child education
Any method of education is, first of all, an influence on the child with the aim of directing his mental and creative potential for improvement through acquired practical experience. However, allowing the child to take on the dominant role without any restrictions gives a clearly negative result. Children who are not taught to take into account the opinions of loved ones and, in general, the people around them, grow up to be miserable individuals. Who, when they find themselves in a normal environment at school, college or work, begin to feel like outcasts and hide behind their negative attitude towards the people around them and the environment. Very often, such conditions lead to one degree or another to mental disorders already in adulthood.
Therefore, before implementing () any of the multiple techniques education, abundantly described on the Internet, you should study in detail and very carefully all aspects of the proposed method, understand, choose or model your own system from several.
Ideally, it is most advisable to use not just one principle of your child’s abilities, but symbiosis of different techniques and technician in this area. Since there is no perfect techniques, suitable for absolutely every child, regardless of his individual characteristics. Therefore, giving the baby to garden with Montessori method Also think about whether you can provide him with a different direction at home development so that the child ultimately grows up with a broad outlook.
Any education method, in addition to a huge number of advantages, necessarily has disadvantages and inconsistencies regarding a certain personality. Taking into account the above, it would be useful for young parents to observe more the direction of their child's interests. And in accordance with this, select a variety of techniques from a variety of education systems. One very important means that absolutely always gives a positive result in the education and harmonization of the individual is demandingness. Therefore, if you are not ready to send your baby to Montessori garden for the whole day, then consider first early development groups using this system, or development centers. In these classes you will definitely understand whether your child needs developed logic (of which there is a lot in methodology) or he still likes creative directions more. At the very beginning of development, just by observing it, you will be able to understand everything yourself.
Let's return to the demands. She should not go beyond the limits of goodwill and respect for the child’s opinion and capabilities. However, it is precisely this factor that teaches the little person self-organization and adaptation in society. This term means the creation of such conditions and motivations so that the child himself makes the decision to act ethically, and internally develops the ability to self-analyze his actions.
Also, in order to further maintain warm family ties, despite the process of the child growing up, parents need to develop a friendly approach to solving various problems that arise in this process.
Results
Children are the same adults, with a whole range of internal problems and contradictions. They understand and analyze your actions on a subconscious level. Therefore, one should not treat them as unreasonable creatures, cooing and hooting with them.
Love does not consist in unquestioningly satisfying all the whims of a little person, but in respecting his opinion, finding methods and approaches to direct his development in line with universal human values and humanism. Keep this in mind when choosing kindergarten using the Montessori method or without it.
Photo: free Internet sources
We teach you how to meet and make friends.
Start with learning how to approach other children and start a conversation. Show your child how it's done. Choose the most sociable and friendly child in the kindergarten group or in the yard. Approach with a smile and say: “Hello, my name is Petya. Can I play with you?
Maria Montessori is an Italian teacher whose teaching method has been known throughout the world for almost a century. There are kindergartens and Montessori schools anywhere in the world, including in the cities of our country. However, the Montessori method in Russia is still considered something new and not entirely clear to parents. Therefore, the question of the essence of the system and organization of kindergartens is very relevant today.
How are Montessori groups formed?
There are many false stereotypes about Montessori kindergartens. Some parents believe that all the attention is paid to the development of fine motor skills or that children only draw and sculpt. In fact, there are a lot of activities in such groups. But their fundamental difference from ordinary kindergartens is the different ages of the little students. Classes are designed for children from 2 to 7 years old, and the kids spend the whole day together. The most optimal number of children in a group is considered to be 15-20 people.All students work with special materials and manuals developed directly by Maria Montessori. They are aimed at developing fine motor skills, coordination of movements, familiarization with the basics of counting, native speech and the surrounding world - that is, everything that is necessary for quality preparation for school.
An important point that does not suit many parents: Montessori kindergarten groups most often work only half a day. Children have the opportunity to stay in the afternoon to attend additional classes, but this must be paid from above.
Basic principles of the system
The Montessori method is based on the absence of forcing the child to engage in activities. And the child’s individuality is put at the forefront. Montessori pedagogy does not set the goal of accelerating the pace of development of its students and making them more erudite compared to other peers. The true goal is to develop independence, self-confidence and interest in learning in the child.Every day in a Montessori garden, children are free to choose their own activities. This ensures that the child enjoys his activity. Teachers in such “lessons” closely observe the children and help if necessary, but do not try to influence the completion of the task. In addition, Montessori manuals and materials are designed so that the child can use them independently, without instructions from adults.
Let us note that experts highlight one significant drawback of this approach: after visiting a Montessori kindergarten, it can be difficult for a child to adapt to a regular school, where the educational system is built on following the curriculum and obeying the teacher.
Organization of space
We should also talk about the premises in which children study. The Montessori system involves dividing space into five corners:- Practical life area where kids acquire skills needed in everyday life (fastening buttons, folding clothes, washing dishes, etc.).
- The area of sensory development where the child deepens his perception of color, size, weight, noise and smells.
- The mathematics zone, where children operate not so much with numbers, but with abstract mathematical concepts.
- A language area where children learn both letters of the alphabet and sounds.
- Space zone with globes, maps, flags, insect specimens, geographical landscape models and much more for exploring the world around us.
Of course, each zone has its own Montessori materials. And the child himself decides in which part of the room and what exactly he will do.
How does a day go in the group?
Every day in a Montessori group begins with a circle. This is a special form of communication between all children and teachers. The topic is free - it can be based on a new game, interesting news from the teacher, or on what the children themselves wanted to discuss. The conversation takes 15-20 minutes, after which the kids begin classes in a Montessori classroom.Classes last for 2-2.5 hours. Since children do not need to remember the “deadline”, this time passes quite quickly for them. Often teachers ask to work in a team so that each child finds a pair or mini-group. This is necessary so that the child is not isolated from the team and is constantly in the process of communicating with peers.
After classes, the children go for a walk, and then go for a “quiet hour”. The Montessori system also provides a feature according to which the child, if desired, can stay awake - he is allowed to play quietly in a group under the supervision of a teacher.
If a group includes an afternoon stay, it is usually dedicated to creative workshops. Classes there are also built on the principle of individual work in a group at your own preference and pace. Only now students make a choice among areas of modeling, drawing, origami and manual labor.
Followers of Montessori pedagogy believe that it provides maximum preparation of the child for an independent adult life, in which he can prove himself as an integral and successful person.
Ekaterina Surtaeva
Maria Montessori Kindergartens
Maria Montessori Kindergartens
1. Pedagogical basic systems M. Montessori
One of the most popular child development methods currently is the system Montessori, which implies for children both serious work and exciting play, discipline and freedom. Maria Montessori, the author of this pedagogical methodology, called it “a system where the child develops independently, relying on a didactically prepared environment.” The technique has existed for more than 100 years, but it was unavailable in Russia for a long time. First books Montessori appeared in our country only in the 90s. Today there are many children's kindergartens and early childhood development centers working according to this system. System Montessori works with children aged 3 to 6 years.
The essence of the technique Montessori
Methodology Montessori is a unique author’s system of self-development and self-education for children. The key attention here is paid to the development of fine motor skills, senses (vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, as well as to nurturing independence in the child. There are no uniform programs and requirements here; each child has an individual pace. Each child is free to do whatever he or she wants he likes it. So he "competes" with yourself, gaining self-confidence, as well as fully assimilating the material.
Key principle in pedagogy Montessori –"Help me do it myself". That is, an adult must figure out what the child is interested in, provide him with an appropriate environment for activities and teach the child to use it. An adult helps the child to reveal the abilities inherent in him by nature, as well as to go through his own path of development. Note that students of the system Montessori– children are inquisitive, open to gaining knowledge. They grow up independent, free, and know how to find their place in society.
Basic provisions of the system Montessori
1. Child activity. In teaching a child, an adult plays a secondary role, being not a mentor, but an assistant.
2. Freedom of action and choice of the child.
3. Older children teach younger ones. At the same time, they themselves learn to take care of their younger ones. This is possible because, according to pedagogy Montessori, groups are formed from children of different ages.
4. The child makes decisions independently.
5. Classes are conducted in a specially prepared environment.
6. The adult’s task is to interest the child. Then the baby develops on his own.
7. In order for a child to develop fully, it is necessary to provide him with freedom of thinking, action and feelings.
8. You should not go against the instructions of nature, you need to follow these instructions, then the child will be himself.
9. Criticism is unacceptable, prohibitions are unacceptable.
10. The child has the right to make mistakes. He is quite capable of reaching everything on his own.
Thus, the system Montessori stimulates in the child the desire to develop the potential inherent in him, to self-learning and self-education. In this case, the responsibility of organizing the children’s activities falls on the shoulders of the teacher, while offering assistance exactly to the extent necessary for the child to become interested. So, the main components of pedagogy Montessori, allowing children to realize their own path of development, are:
Educator
Specially prepared environment
Didactic material
2. Features of organizing the daily routine in kindergarten M. Montessori
Unconventional system Montessori is in many ways, but one of the main differences between classes using this unique method is their structure and mode. Unlike usual kindergartens, in which the pace and “skeleton” of the lesson is determined by the teacher (who, incidentally, is the main active “character” of the entire developmental activity, the lesson according to the system Montessori is built by the children themselves: It is they who independently choose what exactly they want to do at a given moment and in what specific place. Children independently choose the pace and duration of the lesson, and also determine whether they need a partner or an assistant in this activity.
Of course, one should not assume that the role of an adult in this case is reduced to “nothing.” It is he who must explain to the baby what this or that developmental material is intended for ( Montessori called it a presentation, show how to use it, and then patiently watch the child, waiting for him to make his choice, and not “pull the blanket” over himself and do not try to captivate the child with a specific activity. As already mentioned, help is provided to a child only when he himself asks for it, and, as practice shows, children are not in a hurry to immediately, at the first failure, admit their defeat: They try their hand for a long time and patiently and turn to adults only when they really feel that they are in an insoluble situation.
Teachers working with children in the system Montessori, insist that any activity should last exactly as long as the child’s interest in it lasts. You should not disturb your child and force him to choose a certain developmental material, believing that this is what he needs in the first place. Developmental system Montessori It is precisely designed for the fact that the baby, listening to the voice of the “inner mentor,” unmistakably determines what he really needs. Parents and educators can only observe, drawing conclusions, what the child is currently showing interest and inclination towards, and provide him with everything necessary for this.
There is also no point in rushing the baby or, conversely, slowing down his rhythm. classes: Even if mom gets bored with screwing caps and stringing beads, this does not mean at all that the lesson should be over. A child can change a large number of different things in a very short time before he finds a suitable activity for himself. And there is nothing unusual in this - this is exactly how, step by step, the baby finds himself and his business.
It is definitely worth remembering that any lesson certainly ends with putting things in order in the room, and this is done not by an adult, but by a child (an adult should be nearby to come to the child’s aid if necessary). Montessori claims that order around a child is the key and the main condition for order in his soul: Without a certain structure in the world around them, even very young children feel uncomfortable and insecure.
3. Subject development environment of the M system. Montessori
The most important element in pedagogy Montessori is a developing environment. One might even say it is a key element. Without it, the technique cannot exist. A properly prepared environment helps the child develop independently without parental care and teaches him to be independent. Children have a great need to understand the world around them; they want to smell, touch, and taste everything around them. A child’s path to intellect lies through the senses, so sensation and cognition merge together for him. The right environment is an environment that meets the child's needs. The development process of children should not be accelerated, but you also need to be very careful to prevent the child from losing interest in a particular activity.
The developmental environment is built according to a strictly defined logic. Traditionally, it highlights 5 zones:
1. Exercise area in daily life. Here the child learns how to handle his things and how to take care of himself.
2. Native language zone. Allows you to expand your vocabulary, get acquainted with letters, phonetics, and understand the composition and spelling of words.
3. Sensory education zone. Develops the senses, provides the opportunity to study the shape, size, size of objects.
4. Space Zone. Introduces the world around us, the basics of anatomy, botany, zoology, geography, astronomy, and physics.
5. Math zone. Teaches understanding of numbers, order when counting, composition of numbers, as well as basic mathematical operations - addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
There are no tables in the room, there are only small tables and chairs that can be moved at your discretion, as well as rugs. Children can lay them out where they feel comfortable.
The role of didactic material in the system Montessori
The child's learning is closely linked in the system Montessori with object environment. At the same time, almost any objects can act as toys. A toy can be a basin, water, a tea strainer, napkins, cereal, a spoon or a sponge. There are also special Montessori materials, in particular, the Pink Tower, insert molds, Brown Staircase and others. Benefits Maria Montessori were developed with special care. They had to carry out a teaching task, as well as contribute to the comprehensive development of students.
Any classes with didactic materials pursue a direct and indirect goal. The direct goal actualizes the child’s movement, the indirect goal develops hearing, vision, and coordination of movements. Since adult intervention is according to Montessori- pedagogy needs to be minimized, the materials are made in such a way that the child can independently find his mistake and eliminate it. This is how the baby learns to prevent mistakes. The tutorials are completely accessible to children and encourage them to explore.
Rules for working with didactic material
1. To motivate the child to action, the material should be placed at eye level (no higher than 1 meter from the floor)
2. The material must be handled carefully. The material can be used by a child after an adult explains its purpose to the child.
3. When working with the material, you should adhere to the following sequences: selection of material, preparation of the workplace, execution of actions, control, correction of errors, return of the manual to its place upon completion of work with it.
5. The material must be laid out in a certain order by the child on a table or rug.
6. The child can interact with the material not only following the example of the teacher, but also taking into account his own knowledge.
7. The work should gradually become more difficult.
8. Having finished the exercises, the child must return the manual to its place, and only after that he can take other materials.
9. One child works with one material. This allows you to concentrate. If the material that the child has chosen is currently occupied, you should wait while watching a peer’s work, or choose any other.
Maria Montessori notes that these rules do not apply to group games aimed at developing communication and cooperation skills.
4. The role of an adult in the M system. Montessori
It may seem that the role of an adult in this technique is insignificant, but this is only at first glance. The teacher must have wisdom, natural instinct, and experience in order to penetrate the system. He must carry out serious preparatory work to create a real developmental environment, as well as provide students with effective didactic material.
Maria Montessori believes the main task of an adult is to help the child collect, analyze and systematize his (child) own knowledge. That is, adults do not convey their own knowledge about the world. It is understood that the teacher must carefully observe the actions of the children, identify their interests, inclinations, and provide tasks of varying degrees of difficulty with the didactic material that the child himself chooses. In this case, it is assumed that the adult should be on the same level with the pupil - that is, sit on the floor or squat next to him.
The work of a teacher is as follows. First, he monitors what material the child chooses or helps him become interested. Then he shows how to cope with the task at hand, while being as laconic as possible. After which the child plays independently, he can make mistakes, but at the same time come up with new ways to use the selected material. Such creative activity of a child, according to Montessori, allows him to make great discoveries. The adult’s task is not to interfere with these discoveries, since even a small remark can confuse the baby and prevent him from further moving in the right direction.
6. Positive and negative aspects of the M system. Montessori
Advantages of the technique Montessori
Teaches you to create rules, not live by them;
Motivates to study - children learn solely out of interest;
Teaches you to independently organize and plan your activities;
Teaches responsibility for one's actions;
teaches mutual assistance: older people become more responsible, younger ones become more confident;
Teaches you to independently search for answers to your questions;
Teaches you to independently find and correct your mistakes;
Introduces the basics of the surrounding world;
Develops powerful logic and analytical skills;
Develops intelligence;
Develops speech through fine motor skills.
Such qualities inherent in a child from an early age childhood, help him in later life, adapting well to society. As a rule, a person trained according to the method Montessori, is very successful in adult life.
And for children with special needs, this technique allows for self-care and brings them up to the level of healthy children.
Disadvantages of the technique Montessori
Difficult adaptation to traditional learning (no class-lesson system);
Long-term training of teachers - Montessori;
The need for a large number of unique educational materials;
Inadmissibility of habitual spontaneous and creative role-playing games;
The development of intellectual abilities prevails over creative ones;
Denial of drawing and modeling, fairy tales and poetry as activities that take the child away from reality;
Reading for children is a process of obtaining information, not pleasure;
Excessive independence deprives you of the experience of communication in a team;
Ordinary toys are rejected.
