Arabic phrases in Russian. Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic. Study of Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic. Middle East News Greetings, farewells in Arabic

Useful Muslim phrases in Arabic with translation الله أكبر - Allahu akbar (Allah akbar) - Allah is Great (the Greatest). Praise (takbir). Used when a believer wishes to remember the greatness of Allah الله عالم - Allahu alim - Allah knows best (Allah knows best) عليه السلام - Alaihi salam (a.s.; a.s.) - Peace be upon him. It is said after the names of prophets, messengers and highest angels (Jibril, Mikail, Azrael, Israfil) الحمد لله - Alhamdulillah (Al-Hamdu Lil-Lyah) - Praise be to Allah. This is how Muslims often comment on something, for example, when they talk about success and when they answer questions “how are you”, “how is your health” y, Lord of the worlds! - Assalamu alaikum - Peace be upon you (greetings) أستغفر الله - Astaghfirullah - I ask forgiveness from Allah أَعُوْذُ بِاللهِ مِنَ الشَّـيْطٰنِ الرَّ جِيْمِ - Auzu billahi min ash-shaitani r-rajim - I seek the protection of Allah from the accursed (beaten) Satan أخي - Ahi - (My) brother بَارَكَ اللهُ - Barakallah - May Allah bless you بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ - Bismillahi-r-Rahmani-r-Rahim - In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful These words should be pronounced. before any important matter (sunnah - say this phrase before eating, before ablution, at the entrance to the house, etc.) ‏وعليكم السلام - Wa alaikum assalam - “And peace be with you” (Reply to greetings) جزاك اللهُ خيرًا - JazakAllahu Hayran (JazakAllahu) - May Allah reward you with good! , analogue of " Thank you". At the same time, “JazakA Allahu Khayran” is said when addressing a man; “JazakI Allahu Khayran” - when addressing a woman; “JazakUMA Allahu Khayran” - when addressing two people; “JazakUMU Allahu Khairan” - when addressing several people وَأَنْتُمْ فَجَزَاكُمُ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا - Wa antum fa jazakumu Allahu Khairan - Reply to the above gratitude. Short answer: “Wa yakum” (وإيّاكم) - and let him reward you too, “wa yaka” - (male), “wa yaki” - (female) إن شاء الله - InshaAllah - If it is the will of Allah يهديكم الله - Yahdikumullah - May Allah show you the right path! لا إله إلاَّ الله - La ilaha illa Allah - There is no God but Allah (there is no one and nothing worthy of worship except the One God, Allah). The first part of the shahada ما شاء الله - MashaAllah (Masha "Allah) - So Allah willed; Allah decided so. It is used when commenting on any events to express submission to the will of Allah, to what He has predetermined for a person. They also say “MashaAllah” when praise someone, admire someone's beauty (especially a child) so as not to jinx it صلى الله عليه وسلم - Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam , saw, saaw, pbuh) - May Allah bless and greet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). They say when mentioning the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him سبحان الله - SubhanAllah - Most Pure (Most Holy) Allah. Everything that happens or does not happen is by the will of Allah, who has no flaws. Muslims often say “SubhanAllah” in conversation or silently to remind (someone or themselves) of this سبحانه و تعالى - Subhanahu wa Ta'ala - Holy is He (Allah) and Great. These words are usually said after pronouncing the name of Allah أختي - Ukhti - My sister في سبيل الله - Fi Sabilil-Lah (fi sabilillah, fisabilillah) - On the path of the Lord

In a traditional environment, you can hear a greeting (at any time of the day):

السلام عليكم ! Peace to you! as-sala :m yale ykum

Reply to this greeting:

وعليكم السلام ! Peace to you too! Whoa Yale ykum as-sala :m

In a religious environment, it is customary to greet with a blessing:

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته !

as-sal I :m ʻale ykum Ua-raKhmat-ulla Ua-baraka:ti h And

Peace be upon us, and the mercy of the Almighty, and His blessings

You can say hello (or respond to a greeting) with one word:

سلام ! Hello! (verbatim:world) sal me :m

In an informal environment, greetings are possible:

مرحبا ! Hello! m a rHaba

أهلا ! Hello! A hAlan

Reply to a guest's greeting:

أهلا وسهلا ! Welcome!A hAlan Wa-s A hAlan

In rural areasGuests may respond to a guest's greeting by saying:

أهلين أهلين Hi Hi A hl e yn, a hl e yn

مرحبتين ! Hi Hi! (literally: “two greetings”) ma rHabte in

When meeting a person whom you have not seen for a long time, you can also say (in a friendly environment; colloquial language):

Where have you been, man?Ue:na-l-G yay, yay for lame وين الغيبة يا زلمة؟

After greeting, city residents usually ask the question:

كيف الحال ؟ How are you? ki:f al-Ha:l

(wordحال Ha:l V in this case translated as “state, position, matter; well-being")

In literary language this phrase sounds like this:

كيف الحال ؟ How are you? ka ifa-l-Ha:l

For residents of rural areas, another version of the question is typical, using a pronominal ending. In the literary version it sounds like this:

كيف حالك ؟ ka ifa Ha:luka

كيف حالك ؟ ka ifa Ha:bows

كيف حالكم ؟ How are you doing? (plural) ka ifa Ha:lokuma

Please note that the above addresses to a man and a woman are written the same (because the pronominal suffix is ​​used ك ) , but differ in pronunciation. The feminine plural form exists, but the situations in which it is used (for example, in women's educational institutions) are rare and therefore not mentioned within this material.

In colloquial language it sounds like this:

كيف حالك ؟ How are you doing? (address to a man) ki:f Ha:lak

كيف حالك ؟ How are you doing? (address to a woman) ki:f Ha:lki; ki:f Halek

كيف حالكم ؟ How are you doing? (plural) ki:f Ha:lkum

Note: in many villages in Israel and Jordan the letterك pronounced like h(with the exception of pronominal endings of words). Therefore, the phrases mentioned above will sound like this:

كيف حالك ؟ How are you doing? (to the man) chi:f Ha:lak

كيف حالك ؟ How are you doing? (to the woman) chi:f Ha:lki

كيف حالكم ؟ How are you doing? (plural) chi:f Ha:lkum

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Below are common questions, with pronunciation typical of spoken language:

Are you doing well? (to the man) umu: cancer tama: m أمورك تمام؟

Are you doing well? (to the woman) umu:rek tama:m أمورك تمام؟

Are you doing well? umu:rkum tama:m أموركم تمام؟

كيف الصحة ؟ How is your health? ki:f aS-Sa Ha

كيف صحتك ؟ ki:f Sa Htak

كيف صحتك ؟ ki:f Sa Htaki; ki:f Sa Htaek

In traditional Bedouin pronunciation, these questions sound like this:

كيف الصحة ؟ How is your health? chi:f aS-Sa XXA

كيف صحتك ؟ How is your health? (to the man) chi:f Sa XXtak

كيف صحتك ؟ How is your health? (to the woman) chi:f Sa XHtaki

In the Egyptian dialect, in a friendly environment, you can use the expression:

How are you? (address to a man) yizza yakازيك

How are you? (address to a woman) yzza yekازيك

How are you? (to a group of people) yizza ykumازيكم

Standard answer:

الحمد لله God bless! al-Ha mdu-lilla

When meeting again within one day, you can say:

يعطيك العافية ya'a:k al-'a:fiya

He will make you feel good (appeal to a man)

(by “He will give” we mean “Allah will give”)

يعطيك العافية yaYaTy:ki-l-a:fiya

He will make you feel good (address to a woman)

يعطيكم العافية yaYa:kum-l-a:fiya

It will make you feel good (addressing a group of people)

The traditional answer to this request:

الله يعا فيك A Alla yaa:fi:k

God will reward you with health (address to a man

الله يعا فيك A alla yaa:fi:ki

God will reward you with health (address to a woman)

الله يعا فيكم A lla yaa:fi:kum

God will reward you with health (address to a group of people)

And now, since this philological topic has come up (especially since I have a direct connection to it), I’ll tell you about the local language, about Arabic, about how I myself spoke it.

What word did you have to pronounce most often? You don’t have to think for long, for sure the greeting is AS-SALAMU-ALEIKUM (I will write Arabic words in Russian letters). Everyone knows that it is beautifully translated - Peace be with you. There is an even longer and more beautiful one - AS-SALAMU-ALEIKUM, WA RAHMATU LAHI WA BARAKYATU - Peace be upon you, the mercy and blessing of the Lord. It is beautiful in meaning, and the beauty of its sound delights me - SABAH AL-KHEIR - good morning. Sounds insanely beautiful. (And it’s already written on my wall to greet me every morning).

By the way, I pierced myself several times with “as-salamu-alaikum”. The fact is that Christians neither in Egypt nor in Syria say hello like that. They say - MARHABA - which means (sort of) just “hello” or “welcome”.

No less often I probably said “thank you” - SHUKRAN. Moreover, I quickly learned how to say “thank you very much” - SHUKRAN KTIR. “Ktir” is translated as a lot.

One of my favorite words, which I also often used is... I would introduce it into our language with pleasure, it is so sonorous and precise, the form perfectly conveys the meaning - HALAS - means “everything”.

It is especially useful when communicating with police officers, when they once again look into the car, see a foreigner who is supposed to ride exclusively on buses, and begin to make complaints to the driver. Moreover, they don’t speak to me, because they don’t know English (although there are quite a few police officers who still speak some English). And then a foreigner, out of the blue:

HALAS! HALAS! TAMAM, MAFIA MUSHKELE. ELLA.- That's it. All. OK, no problems. Go.

They were surprised, then they smiled so naively and simply and let us go. Sometimes.

ELLA is a great word. It means “let’s go”, “let’s go”.

What about approval and disagreement, “yes” and “no”. They have a convenient “yes” - QUINCE. Instead of babbling “yes, yes, yes,” it’s much easier to say “A-Y-V-A.” And “no,” on the contrary, you have to jabber - LA, LA, LA. “No” they have “la”. Our “no”, and the English “no” is much easier to stretch out when you need to refuse flatly, and immediately. And they have to sing:

La, la, la.

How much did I manage to learn Arabic during my month of stay in Arabic-speaking countries? I can only say the number of words - 50-60. But for some reason the Arabs kept asking: “Where did you learn the language?” Answered:

I eat and study.

Also, by the end of the trip, I was very surprised that in a car with a driver who didn’t speak a word of English, I was able to communicate for ten, twenty, thirty minutes. Amazing.

And then I had to communicate in Arabic and on the phone. When they give me a ride, they all ask if I have a phone. But I don’t know how to lie, I had to give my number. Then some (and those who didn’t know English, of course) called, and we had to talk. Not for long after all.

What did we talk to them about?

It’s clear that my first question when I opened the car door:

MUMKEN AT-TARIK MUSTAKIM BEDOUNI FULUS? - Is it possible to go straight on the road without money?

This was followed by an inviting gesture with the driver's hand. This is what the smartest and most selfless did.

Second answer:

VAYNE? - Where?

Third:

LE BEDOUNI FOULS? - Why no money?

I answered the second question:

MUSTAKIM. - Directly.

And on the third:

SHWAE-SHWAE FULUS. - A little money.

When I found myself in the car, I was also the first to join the conversation and explain who I am:

ANA SEYAHA MIN RUSSIA. - I am a traveler from Russia.

MIN RUSSIA?! - they were surprised and nodded understandingly.

Everyone knows Russia. And for some reason they love it. I asked why. It seems that not only because our tourists are a dime a dozen there, but also because politically they more or less support each other (Russia and Egypt).

So, to express friendship they said:

RUSSIA VA MYSR - SADIK. - Russia and Egypt are friends.

By the way, Egypt, as you can see, is called by such an unusual word “MYSR”. And “Egyptian” will be “mysrin”.

Then, continuing the conversation, I named the countries through which I passed on the way to Mysr. Slowly listing them so that Mysrin has time to understand and be surprised.

MIN RUSSIA - TURKS, SURIA, Ö RDON, MYSR, - I emphasized the last word.

UALED? - One? - they showed me one finger.

UALED,” I confirmed.

LE OUALED? - Why alone? - they did not calm down.

It is impossible in their understanding for a girl to go so far (somewhere) alone. Therefore, they certainly asked where my friends were.

WALED TAMAM, “It’s good to be alone,” I answered. And if the driver knew any English, she added: “Interesting” - Interesting.

And when everything incomprehensible was explained, it was the turn of the first (full-fledged) and important question from the driver:

INTA YAJOUZ? - he asked and depicted how the ring on the ring finger was removed and put on.

“Lya,” “No,” I answered.

LE? - Why? - he was surprised (and delighted).

For a long time it was difficult for me to answer this question with a small vocabulary, until I finally learned the saving grace:

ANA URIDU LA. - I don't want.

But it didn’t turn out to be a lifesaver. They don’t have “I don’t want to get married.” They have certain reasons. For example…

A very friendly Egyptian was driving us from the Darfur Pyramids near Cairo back to the capital. Us means me, Sashka, my good friend from Ryazan, and Dima, from Moscow. So, at one of the stops, the three of us were talking (the Arab spoke English), and we started talking about marriage.

You are married? - the Arab asked Sashka.

No.

Why? - the Arab asked and immediately answered himself, - no money?

It's funny and amazing (I mean significantly) at the same time. I’ll tell you later (although you can guess for yourself) what this means.

So, after “I don’t want,” I had to learn another expression:

MUSTAQBAL, INSHALLAH. - In the future, God willing.

WHO DIED? - How old are you? - then the question followed (although in the Egyptian dialect it sounds approximately like “KAM SENE?”)

ITNEIN ASHRIN - Twenty-two.

Hearing this, almost everyone looked at me approvingly, although often with some surprise.

After this, it was often clarified whether I had a friend whom I was going to marry. Having heard that no, some drivers, without wasting time, offered themselves to me as a husband. In plain text or the idea of ​​going with me to Moscow.

I refused, and again it sounded: “LE?”

After? Afterwards I made sure to sincerely praise Egypt.

AN-NAS - QUEIS, “People are excellent,” I said.

And if there were picturesque mountains, desert or palm trees in the window, she said:

MYSR - JAMIL. - Egypt is beautiful.

Then I did it, already knowing what would follow in response:

INTA - JAMILIA. - You are beautiful.

She told me that it’s cold in Russia now:

RUSSIA - BERID, MYSR - HARR. - Russia is cold, Egypt is hot. - RUSSIA - KTYR MYTR. - There is a lot of snow in Russia.

Another topic of conversation is family. Quite often, after being surprised that I was alone, the driver would ask:

WAYNE'S MOM, BABA? -Where is mom, dad? - they say, how did they let me go alone, why didn’t they go with me.

And my favorite question about family was:

FI AH, OHT? - Any brothers, sisters?

Naturally, they never answered me: “MAFI” - No.

KAM? - How many? - I didn’t let up.

Of course, where else will you hear: “ARBA AH, KHAMSA OKHT” - Five brothers, three sisters, or “SITTA AH, TLYATA OKHT” - six brothers, four sisters. Or... whatever. But usually there are at least five children in a family. Although things are changing now, they are having fewer babies.

Then the topic for conversation was something that I saw in the window and that I could already name: children - ATFAL, donkey - HUMAR, palm tree - NAHL, train - QATAR, mountain - JEBAL...

They were surprised at every word I said, and I rejoiced like a child.

I knew such rare words as “difficult” - “SAAP”, which came in handy after I called my difficult name “Tatyana”. How will it be “hot” - “SOKHN” - they give hot tea all the time, but I can’t drink it. I know how to say “sorry” - ASIF. You can say this word, and now it seems that you are speaking Arabic. You said everything you wanted, and they understood you. I know how the “night” will be - LEIL. And even how it will be “don’t worry” - LA TAKLAK, how it will be “I’m happy” - ANA SAID, and even how it will be “I love you” - “ANA PHABIK”, a little girl in a Syrian village told me this, and I answered :

Ana phabik.

There is also such a wonderful word - HABIBI. Do you know what it means? For some reason it seems to me that you can guess it just by the sound. "Expensive". But, naturally, I want to translate... “dear.” Do you know who I want to say this to? Okay, I'll tell you a secret. Although this is not a secret, from how much I have written here, you can easily guess that I will say: “My dear Egypt.” I'm in love.

I also know such Arabic words as TEA, MOTORCYCLE, GASOLINE, MOTHER...

I miss this language around me so much, sometimes Arabic words and gestures escape me. It's a pity that I can't show you the gestures. It's different there too. But someday when we meet, I’ll definitely show you.

The official language of the United United Arab Emirates is Arabic. As in everything modern world English is also widely spoken in tourist and business areas. It is not uncommon to meet people who understand French. Because people came to the country to work a large number of expatriates who are not native speakers of Arabic, you can hear the languages ​​spoken in Hindi (the state language of India), Urdu (Pakistan), Bengali (Bangladesh), Farsi (Iran), Tagalog (Philippines), Malayalam (India) and Punjabi (India ).

But the increasing flow of Russian tourists is also doing a good deed - in many self-respecting hotels, shopping centers and some small shops (mainly in Nasser Square) understand Russian, which cannot but please lazy or difficult-to-learn English tourists from the post-Soviet space. Signs are also beginning to adapt to Russian-speaking travelers - savvy merchants are happy to try in any way to express themselves and attract buyers, although the signs still mainly broadcast in two languages ​​- Arabic and English.

There are no problems with numbers either. Along with the official Emirati Indo-Arabic numerals

Very vaguely reminiscent of the signs familiar to us, traditional Arabic numerals, understandable to every European, are widely used.

As for the purity of speech, there are big problems with this in the UAE. Literary Arabic - fuskh - is spoken only in the mass media. It may very well be that the cream of Emirati society also speaks this language, but does not use it every day. Basically, all communication takes place in Dinglish - the so-called Dubai English, which contains a lot of things.

If, nevertheless, there is a great desire to show off at least a superficial knowledge of Arabic, then below is a list of words and phrases often used in the tourist zone.

Russian-Arabic phrasebook

Common phrases

Hotel

Shop (shopping)

Transport

Emergency cases

Restaurant

Pronouns

Numbers

This is incredible necessary thing, if you are planning to travel to resorts and cities in Arab countries. Of course, in many resorts around the world you only need to know in English, and sometimes only Russian, but this does not apply to the resorts we are talking about. In many Arab resorts, only Arabic is the usual and widely spoken language, so this phrasebook will be an indispensable assistant for you.

Here are the most common topics of conversation and all kinds of frequently asked questions.

Appeals

Common phrases

At customs

At the station

Walk around the city

In transport

Numerals

At the hotel

In the shop

In a cafe, restaurant

Emergencies

Dates and times

Greetings – This topic includes a list of phrases needed to greet and start a conversation.

Standard phrases - a list containing the most common words and questions that are most often used in conversation.

Train station – so that you don’t feel discomfort while being at a train station in a foreign country, which is associated with a language barrier, use this phrasebook topic.

Passport control - when going through control at the airport, you need to know a number of phrases and answers to questions translated into Arabic, these phrases are presented here.

Orientation in the city - in Arab cities there are a lot of people and intersecting streets, in order not to get lost you will need to clarify the route to your destination from passers-by. This topic will help you with this.

Transport – so that you don’t have problems with public transport and taxi, use this topic.

Hotel – when checking into a hotel, be prepared for the fact that you will have to answer some questions; their translation and translation of other necessary phrases can be found in this section.

Emergency situations - anything can happen in a foreign country, to be on the safe side, use this topic from the Russian-Arabic phrasebook. Using words and phrases from this topic, you can call for help, call the police, or ask passers-by to report to the ambulance that you are feeling unwell.

Dates and times – translation of words denoting date and time.

Shopping – using this section, you can make any purchases anywhere, be it a market or an expensive jewelry store. All the questions and phrases necessary for this are collected here.

Restaurant - to call a waiter, place an order, find out what a particular dish includes, you need to know Arabic or simply use words from this topic.

Numbers and figures - every tourist should know how to pronounce this or that number in the language of the country in which he is vacationing. It is the translation of these figures and numbers that is collected in this section.