November 27 at Russian Federation Marine Corps Day is celebrated annually. This particular date was chosen due to the fact that on November 27 (November 16 – old style) 1705, Peter I ordered the creation of the first “regiment of naval soldiers” in Russia. Peter the Great borrowed this version of military formations, like many other things in military terms, from the Europeans. Most historians are inclined to argue that the first prototype of the marine corps was created by the British, who landed an amphibious assault in 1664. However, some experts in the field of historical science believe that the real prototype of the marine corps was created back in Ancient Greece, where specially trained armed people could use sea vessels to land on the coast in order to conduct combat operations there against the enemy. This version is controversial, but still, with a sufficiently deep study of the ancient world, it does not look incredible.
In Russia, units of “sea soldiers” existed even before Peter’s order to create the regiment. We are talking about a special formation within the crew of the ship "Eagle". Considering the fact that strengthening at sea allowed the Russian army to achieve success in the Northern War (the war against Sweden), Peter I, in fact, decided to use the opportunity to expand the number of the mentioned “naval soldiers” - first to a regiment, and then to larger formations.
Initially, the tasks of the Marine Corps included firing at the crews of enemy ships with rifles, boarding combat ( shining example- Battle of Gangut 1714), on guard duty. Subsequently, the marine infantry began to be used as a landing force (for example, F. Ushakov’s campaign of 1798-1800), as well as as a force to assist ground forces.
Formations and units of the Marine Corps were repeatedly reorganized and even disbanded. In the USSR, units and formations of the Marine Corps were recreated in 1939. Marines performed combat missions both in the defense of fleets and flotillas, and in participation in landing operations. Historical facts indicate that after the Great Patriotic War, units of the Marine Corps were once again disbanded, and they were revived already in the early 60s.
Today, the Marine Corps, whose fighters are called “black berets,” are an integral part of the Navy. This is a branch of the military designed to conduct combat operations in important areas of the coast and coastal facilities. The tasks of the Marines during combat operations include occupying and defending a beachhead on the coast - this is if we are talking about an offensive operation. If we talk about a defensive operation, then the Marines will stand to the end in defending naval bases and repelling enemy attacks.
During landing operations, Marines can be used both as separate military formations to capture important naval bases, as well as port infrastructure, individual sections of the coast, and as formations with other branches of the military.
The Marine Corps of the Russian Navy is armed with the most various techniques, including amphibious armored personnel carriers, man-portable anti-tank and anti-aircraft missile systems, means of overcoming water obstacles, numerous types of small arms.
These days, Marines carry out combat missions in the Syrian Arab Republic. Unfortunately, when carrying out tasks to counter international terrorism, one cannot do without casualties among the “black berets”. Thus, on November 24, 2015, in northern Syria, Alexander Pozynich, a 29-year-old marine from Novocherkassk, died during a search and rescue operation. At home - in the Rostov region - a widow and children remained. By decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Alexander Pozynich was posthumously awarded the Order of Courage. Novocherkasskaya comprehensive school No. 11, where Alexander once studied, now bears his name.
Today, Marines improve their skills through numerous exercises and training sessions. At the same time, the command allocates the best units of the “black berets”. In 2016, a separate guards marine brigade of the coastal forces of the Baltic Fleet (BF) was recognized as such.
From the message:
Over 20 tactical exercises, more than 350 combat shootings from small arms, armament of armored personnel carriers, over 3 thousand training parachute jumps of varying complexity - with such results the Marines of the Baltic Fleet celebrate their holiday. During combat training, the brigade unit conducted over 20 training sessions and exercises for amphibious landings on an unequipped coast.
The “Black Berets” of the Russian Baltic Fleet took part in 8 long-distance cruises of warships in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, the Baltic, North, Red and Mediterranean Seas. Today, Marines are serving on the large landing ship "Alexander Shabalin" and the patrol ship "Yaroslav the Wise".
It is reported that servicemen of a separate guards brigade of the marine corps of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Federation became the best according to the results of the “Amphibious Assault” competition as part of the 2016 Army Games.
"Military Review" congratulates the Russian Marines on the holiday!
Marines of the Russian Navy celebrate their professional holiday. The ceremonial events will take place in the brigades of the Pacific, Northern, Baltic and Black Sea fleets, as well as in two battalions of the Caspian flotilla, individual companies and units.
Sea soldiers
Marine Corps Day was officially established by order of the Commander-in-Chief Navy in 1995. But the history of this type of troops began in the second half of the 17th century. It was then that special teams of archers - naval soldiers - were formed as part of the crews of the ships of the flotilla created by order of Ivan the Terrible. And in 1669, the first Russian military sailing ship "Eagle" already had a similar crew, there were 35 of them, for boarding operations and guard duty.
During the Azov campaigns, the most combat-ready Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky regiments created the Naval Regiment - a regiment, it consisted of 4,254 people. On November 16, 1705, according to the old style, and on November 27, according to the new style, Emperor Peter I issued a decree on the formation of a naval regiment. This day became the birthday of the Russian Marine Corps. The “sea soldiers” are responsible for victories at Gangut and Chesme, the assaults on Izmail and Corfu, and the defense of Port Arthur and Sevastopol.
The Marines fought selflessly during the Great Patriotic War. They brought real horror to the fascists. The Germans nicknamed the Marines the "Black Death" because of their black peacoats and incredible courage. And even when all the soldiers of the Red Army were dressed in combined arms uniforms, the Marines kept their vests and caps. They went into battle wide open, biting the ribbons of their caps in their teeth.
The Marines fought bloody battles on the Hanko Peninsula, on the Kola Peninsula, blocking the path of fascist troops to Murmansk, Polyarnoye, and Kandalaksha. The Marines performed immortal feats in the Battle of Moscow, where examples of courage and heroism were shown by seven naval rifle brigades, a separate detachment of sailors and two companies of naval school cadets. Ten marine brigades and dozens of separate naval regiments and battalions took part in the battles for Leningrad, which, under the most difficult conditions, showed miracles of endurance and heroism in defending the city and breaking its blockade.
On a boat and with a parachute
For 73 days and nights, the Marines, together with army units, defended Odessa from enemy divisions. In November 1941, near Sevastopol, a group of five marines led by political instructor Nikolai Filchenkov stood in the way of German tanks breaking through to the city. At the cost of their lives, they did not allow the tanks to pass. Having tied themselves with grenades, they rushed under the tanks. All five sailors were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In general, 200 marines were awarded this high title for courage and heroism, and the famous intelligence officer Viktor Leonov, who fought in the Northern Fleet and then created the naval reconnaissance and sabotage units of the Pacific Fleet, is twice a Hero. The personnel of the landing force, Senior Lieutenant Konstantin Olshansky, who landed in the port of Nikolaev in March 1944 and completed the task at the cost of their lives, were fully awarded this high award. By the way, one of the largest landing ships of the Russian Navy is named after Konstantin Olshansky.
And today the Marines are an elite military unit, in which each of the sailors considers it a great honor to serve. The Marines are armed with amphibious military equipment, portable anti-tank and anti-aircraft systems and automatic small arms. Marines land ashore from landing ships and boats, and are landed by ship-based and shore-based helicopters. Sometimes fighters can cross water under their own power - in floating vehicles and armored personnel carriers. Marine units of the Russian Navy are equipped with new D-10 parachutes.
According to Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Lieutenant General Oleg Makarevich, in honor of Marine Corps Day, the “black berets” organized holidays, weapons exhibitions, and demonstrated their skills.
Marine Corps - today you have
The important day has come
After all, it's Marine Corps Day,
And we are not at all lazy
Compose a beautiful, big congratulations,
To make you smile from it,
So that every Marine could
Rejoice wow.
Marine Corps Day today
It is fashionable to celebrate it on November 27th.
Today we need to congratulate you,
And send good gifts.
May you have fun on this day,
And they did everything they were not lazy about.
Drink tea with sweets,
And you will have fun until the morning.
I'm sending congratulations
Remember this day.
Of course, you were not born a Marine.
Nobody knew you would become one when you showed up.
But you loved the sea, the waves, of course, always,
And you sometimes jumped with a parachute in your youth.
When you were drafted into the army in the spring,
You were recommended for the amphibious assault.
And now you serve honestly everywhere:
On land, in the air, but mostly on water.
Congratulations on your significant holiday
And we wish you more strength.
And let our fast runner fly to you,
And with it a gift - congratulations.
To protect borders from the enemy,
I couldn’t attack from the water,
The amphibious assault is always on guard here,
They certainly won't pass him by.
You are strong, brave guys,
You always fight hard.
With the Marine Corps it’s both reliable and easy,
And you look certainly far into the future.
Let us all congratulate you on your holiday,
Let your ardent reserve not run out.
And you have comfort and warmth in your home,
So that someone is always waiting by the fireplace.
You like to storm quickly,
Military problems can be solved instantly.
You serve in the Marine Corps,
You make all your dreams come true.
We congratulate you on your holiday,
We thank you for your military work.
We wish you to always be brave,
Let the star show you the way.
We wish you good, faithful friends,
Read our congratulations quickly.
On November 27 we congratulate the infantry,
We want to wish you now.
So that happiness always smiles,
And all the grievances and grief were forgotten.
On this quiet, gentle evening,
Read our congratulations.
Marines,
You are the pride of all Russia,
You are our honor and valor,
You are our strength and strength.
Serve the Fatherland
You're not on show
On Marine Corps Day
We congratulate you.
May the service be peaceful
Training battles,
Your hearts are open
For friendship and love.
Marines,
Brave guys,
On your holiday I wish you peace,
To be rich.
I wish you an easy service,
Happiness in personal life,
Career advancements,
The exposure is excellent.
Congratulations to Morskaya
I am the Russian infantry,
Brave, courageous fighters,
The most beautiful guys.
Wish you luck
On land and water,
Will you cover it with your chest?
The country is in any trouble.
Black berets
striped vest,
Calm, peaceful service
I wish you guys.
Our best troops!
The guys are looking down on you
On the parade ground they mark a step,
But they can’t live without the sea!
An example to everyone: intelligence and strength,
The pride of Mother Russia!
We tell you where it will take place, what time it will start and where to watch Garcia vs. Vargas boxing on February 29 (March 1), 2020.
The meeting of the fighters will be the final one during the boxing evening, which will be held at the Ford Center with a capacity of 12 thousand spectators, part of the Zvezda complex ( Ford Center at The Star), located in Frisco, Texas (USA).
What time does the Garcia-Vargas boxing start:
The start of the event, which includes nine fights, is scheduled for 18:00 local (Eastern) time on February 29, 2020, which corresponds to 02:00 am Moscow time on March 1, 2020.
The most anticipated boxing event The Garcia-Vargas fight will begin at approximately 7 a.m. “Moscow time” on March 1, 2020 (Sunday morning), after completing 8 previous matches.
By the way, in the second fight of the evening (out of nine) the Uzbek boxer Israil Madrimov will compete against Charlie Navarro. Also, the tournament was originally scheduled for a fight between Russian Murat Gassiev and Jerry Forrest, which was later cancelled.
Where to watch the Garcia-Vargas fight on February 29 (March 1), 2020:
IN live Garcia-Vargas meeting will show "First channel. Start of live broadcast from Ford Center - 06:55 Moscow time.And on the Channel One website the fight can be watched online and recorded.
Since ancient times, various beliefs and traditions have been associated with leap years. Today we will talk about What can a woman ask a man on Leap Day, February 29, and he has no right to refuse?.
There is an old European custom, according to which once every four years - on February 29 - a woman can ask for the hand (offer to marry her) from a man, and not vice versa. AND a man does not have the right to simply refuse from this proposal - he must either agree or “pay off” (pay a “fine” for refusal). In monetary terms, the “fine” is equal to the cost of 12 pairs of gloves. It is believed that this is how many pairs of gloves a woman will need to hide her absence. wedding ring until the next leap day.
This tradition originated in Ireland in the 4th century AD, when St. Patrick, who spread Christianity in the country, allowed women to make marriage proposals to men once every four years. This was done in order to “balance” the roles of men and women in society, just as Leap Day on February 29 balances the calendar.
In the Middle Ages, in a number of European countries this rule was even approved at the legislative level. For example, in the 13th century in Scotland, when young knights were dying en masse in battles and many girls could not find a mate, a law was passed according to which on February 29 a woman could propose to a man, and if he refused, he was obliged to pay a fine . Similar laws were adopted at different times in England, Denmark and other countries.
And even in Rus' there was a similar tradition. Only “our” girls had the opportunity to call a loved one as their husband not for one day, but throughout the entire leap year. The leap year was called the “year of the bride,” and it was forbidden to send matchmakers to the girls, because they chose their future husbands themselves. Since then, in Russia, a leap year has been considered unlucky for weddings, since men did not have the opportunity to choose their own bride.
The origins of the marine corps in Russia began in 1668, when a team of archers was included in the crew of the ship "Eagle", along with sailors and artillerymen. The tasks of this team were reflected in the “34 Articles of Articulation” (the naval regulations of that time) as “to capture enemy ships in boarding combat.”
In 1705, Peter the Great issued a decree on the creation of the first marine regiment.
Marine Corps Day in Russia is celebrated in accordance with the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy dated November 19, 1995 in memory of the decree of Peter I on the creation of the first “regiment of naval soldiers” in Russia, which was issued after the battle with the Swedes on November 27, 1705. This date is considered the birthday of the regular Russian Marine Corps.
Interesting Facts from the history of the Marine Corps
To ensure Russia's access to the shores of the Baltic in 1700-1703, first of all, it was necessary to oust the Swedes from Lakes Ladoga and Lake Peipsi. To implement such a bold plan, they decided to involve the Don Cossacks, who had experience in battles on rowing and sailing ships on rivers and the sea. However, the Cossacks in right time did not arrive, and all major military activities had to be carried out by Peter’s infantry regiments. The regiments of Tyrtov, Tybukhin, Ostrovsky coped with the task perfectly - after a series of brutal boarding battles, the Swedes were partially destroyed, and the rest were forced out of these waters. The path to the mouth of the Neva was clear...
These events showed that in Russia there was a need to create a new type of troops - naval soldiers.
On November 16 (11/27 - new style), 1705, Peter I issued a decree on the creation of a naval regiment, which marked the beginning of the organization of the marine corps of the regular Russian fleet. The first marine regiment formed in the Baltic Fleet consisted of two battalions of five companies each. The regiment consisted of 45 officers, 70 non-commissioned officers and 1,250 privates. The Marines were armed with guns with baguettes (a prototype of a bayonet) and edged weapons (cleavers, sabers). In the Northern War, the marines were widely used in naval battles and landings. In 1712, instead of a regiment, five battalions of 22 officers were formed, with up to 660 privates and non-commissioned officers in each. Three battalions were included in the naval squadrons, one in the galley squadron, and one carried out guard duty at the bases.
Since 1804, companies of naval regiments began to depart on ships from Kronstadt to the Mediterranean Sea to the location of D. N. Senyavin. By the end of 1806, D. N. Senyavin’s squadron included ten companies of naval regiments, and on November 10, 1806, they formed the 2nd Naval Regiment, whose chief was the commander of the 2nd Naval Regiment, Boisel. The two battalions of the 2nd Marine Regiment that remained in Kronstadt were attached, one to the 1st Marine Regiment, the other to the 3rd. 4th Naval Regiment during 1811-1813. remained on the ships of the Black Sea Fleet and until March 1813 participated in all its military operations. For all types of allowances, the naval regiments were under the jurisdiction of the fleet.
Soon the 25th division was formed in Abo, which became part of the corps intended to assist the Swedes. Then the naval regiments went to St. Petersburg and allocated their second battalions to form new infantry regiments - the 9th, 10th, 11th and others.
In September 1812, the 1st Naval Regiment with the second detachment, formed by the people's militia, left for Wittgenstein's army, and in 1813-1814. participated in its composition in the fighting on the Dvina near Danzig. The 2nd Naval Regiment was also in the active army, and the 3rd Naval Regiment during the Patriotic War of 1812 was part of the garrison of St. Petersburg.
In 1810, the Marine Guards crew was formed, which had dual subordination to the fleet and the Guards Corps in St. Petersburg. This crew, together with the army, fought through the entire war of 1812-1814. And, ironically, the first Russian flag raised over Paris in 1814 was the naval flag - St. Andrew's.
In addition, the Black Sea Fleet was sent to the front in Chichagov's army, the 75th ship crew also reached Paris.
In subsequent decades, the participation of sailors in the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878 should be noted. The Marine Guards crew took part in it as part of the Danube Flotilla. And when the Russian army approached Constantinople, standing in Adrianople, as in Paris in 1814, the Russian naval St. Andrew's flag was the first to be raised over the city.
During the First World War, a number of marine units began to be formed in the Russian fleet - the Baltic and the Black Sea - - brigades, regiments, individual companies and teams. Part of the Naval Guards crew was sent to the land front and the position of Chief Commander of all naval commands in the army and at the front was established.
By the end of March 1917, despite all the difficulties, the formation of the Black Sea Naval Division was completed. However, already in May 1917, the landing on the Bosphorus had to be postponed due to the lack of persistent elite units needed in large quantities during a landing of this magnitude.
This is a brief chronology of the regular marine units of the Russian fleet.
The events of the Second World War unfolded for the Marine Corps according to the following scenario. The USSR Navy, especially surface ships, practically did not participate in the hostilities of the summer of 1941. The Baltic Fleet found itself bottled up in Leningrad and Kronstadt. The Black Sea Fleet was somewhat more active, but even here ships were often idle in ports due to the threat of air attacks. As a result, many sailors remained idle.
The Soviet Navy traditionally included marine brigades designed to operate on land. In October 1941, 25 new marine brigades were formed, over time their number increased to 35. The marine infantry played a large role in the defense of Leningrad, in 1942 it was actively used on the Black Sea coast and even participated in the defense of Moscow. It is known that the Marine Corps acted more efficiently than conventional rifle units, but also suffered significantly higher losses. In addition to brigades, many fleets formed improvised battalions and even smaller units of marines. The Marines conducted several small-scale landing operations, mainly along the Black Sea coast. With bold forays behind enemy lines and attacks on his fortified points, Marine snipers inflicted great damage on the enemy. The Marines showed unprecedented heroism and courage in these battles. Dozens of sailors became true masters of a well-aimed shot. In fifteen days, Marine snipers destroyed 1,050 fascists in battles near Sevastopol...
At the end of the 1950s, the need arose to have modern landing forces in the Soviet Navy, because attempts to use even specially trained ground forces units did not lead to positive results. The creation of specialized amphibious assault forces was required. And with the assistance of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Fleet Admiral S.G. Gorshkov, according to the directive of the Ministry of Defense of June 7, 1963 JORG/3/50340, in July of the same year on the basis of the 336th Guards Fleet that took part in the exercises. SMEs from the BVI formed the 336th Bialystok Order of Suvorov and Alexander Nevsky Guards Separate Marine Regiment (OPMP). The regiment's location is Baltiysk (Kaliningrad region). The first commander is Guards. Colonel P.T.Shapranov.
In November 1979, on the basis of the directive of the General Staff of the Navy No. 730/1/00741 dated September 3, 1979, the regiments were reorganized into separate brigades (OBrMP). It should be noted that the transfer of a regiment to a brigade actually means a change in the status of a military formation from a tactical unit to a tactical formation. In this case, the battalions included in the brigade become tactical units and are called “separate”.
The total number of the Soviet MP according to 1990 data. in the European part was -7.6 thousand people, and taking into account the five thousandth division of the Pacific Fleet - approx. 12.6 thousand people. (All according to peacetime states.). According to data from other sources, the total number of Soviet marines in peacetime was about 15,000 people.
Modern Marine Corps is a branch of the Navy, designed and specially trained to conduct combat operations as part of amphibious assault forces, as well as for the defense of important areas of the coast, naval bases and coastal facilities. Marines in amphibious operations can act independently when capturing enemy naval bases, ports, islands or individual sections of the coast. In cases where the main landing forces are ground forces, the marines are landed in the forward detachments to capture the most important points and sections of the coast and ensure the subsequent landing of the main landing forces.
Russian Marine units from the mid-1960s to the present have taken part in combat services and military conflicts in the following places on the globe: Poland, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, 55th point off the coast of Cyprus, Yemen, Iran, Iraq , Afghanistan, India, Sri Lanka, Cuba, Maldives, Seychelles, Egypt, Libya, Ethiopia, Somalia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Angola, Benin, Congo, Mozambique, Vietnam, Georgia, Abkhazia, Dagestan, Chechnya.
