Academic cap (mortarboard)
The famous square student cap. It is a square of hard material, covered with fabric and attached to a skullcap. A tassel is usually attached to the center of the square. This cap and gown are often the graduate uniform of almost any European university. In Russia it is somewhat less common.
Akubra
Akubra is a hat originally from Australia. In appearance it is very similar to a cowboy's. Its name is believed to be a derivative of the Aboriginal word for hat. It has large brims and is made from Australian rabbit wool. In the 1870s, a hat factory was established in Australia by emigrant Benjamin Dunkerley. Over time, it grew, and in 1912 the Akubra brand appeared. This hat is especially popular in rural areas. It is worn by hunters, farmers, horsemen... It is also used to fan the fire, to store mushrooms and berries. Akubra most often has ties, thanks to which it stays better on the owner’s head.
Grandmother
Babushka is the English word for a scarf tied under the chin. This name appeared due to the fact that the scarf is mainly worn by older women. A headscarf can be worn for a variety of reasons, ranging from religious to the desire to hide baldness. In many countries, the headscarf is primarily worn by women, and in most cases, due to religious or social requirements. In medieval Europe, headscarves were worn married women. Scarves are most widespread among Muslims. Muslim women's clothing necessarily includes a burqa or veil. Nowadays in Russia, in Orthodox churches, a woman must have her head covered, that is, in a headscarf. Worn on the head, most often tied under the chin. But other variations are possible.
Balaclava
A balaclava is a headdress that covers the entire head, leaving only a small part of the face, such as the nose and eyes, exposed. Named after the city of Balaklava in Crimea. During the Crimean War, such knitted helmets protected British troops from the cold. But another name for this item of clothing, a balaclava, was mentioned in print much earlier. In general, this headdress has become known since the 19th century. Currently, they are most often used in the armed forces, a little less often during winter sports to protect against the cold. There are many wearing options. The most common is when the entire head is covered except for the eyes or eyes and nose. But there are options with an open mouth, or the balaclava is worn rolled up like a hat to cover only the head.
Bandana
A bandana is usually a very colorful triangular or square scarf. Most often used to pull hair back or as a fashion accessory. Bandanas were originally used by American cowboys to protect themselves from dust. They were tied around the neck so that they could be quickly put on the face. In the late 1980s and early 90s in California, bandanas were used as a sign of belonging to a certain criminal group. Nowadays, a bandana can also indicate that its wearer belongs to a specific group or subculture. They are most often worn on the head or neck (rarely on the leg).
Baseball cap
A baseball cap is a soft cap with hard edges and a visor. The baseball team's logo is usually painted on the visor. The history of the cap dates back to 1860, when its ancestor was worn by players of the Brooklyn Excelsiors. By 1900, this headdress had become popular. The 1940s saw the birth of the modern baseball cap. The visor became much shorter and the hat became more comfortable. Currently, baseball caps have become a very popular wardrobe item not only for athletes. A baseball cap is placed on the head with the visor forward, backward, and recently the option of wearing it with the visor on the side has become popular. There is a width adjuster at the back of the cap, which can be used to adjust it to the wearer's head.
Beret
The beret is a soft round hat, most often hand-knitted. The modern beret comes from the traditional hat of the Pyrenean shepherds. It is part of the uniform of many military units. Industrial production of this headdress began only in the 17th century in the south of France. And by 1920, berets were already produced by more than 20 French factories. The beret fits tightly around the head. They wear it in different ways. In America, for example, they move it to the side. This is prescribed by local custom, but it is not mandatory, so there are many varieties of wearing a beret.
Beanie
Beanies are triangular pieces of fabric connected in the form of a cap with a button on the top of the head. The baseball cap was made from a beanie by adding a visor. It was once a work hat for welders, mechanics, and other people who needed to hide their hair, but the visor would get in the way. By the mid-1940s, the cap fell out of favor, although it was worn by freshmen at some universities in the 1950s. In the early 1990s, the beanie became popular again, especially due to the increase in snowboarding and other winter sports. Modern hats are usually made of wool or special synthetic materials. May have small brims that can be folded up.
Breton cap
A special type of cap made of wool with a soft band. It is believed that Breton caps first appeared not in Brittany, but in Sweden, where they were a soft cap with a visor and headphones sewn to it. In Europe and America, Breton caps are perceived as a traditional sailor's headdress. Because previously such hats were part of the military uniform of French sailors. In Russia, the Breton cap was known as a “kartuz” and was used by both military and civilians in everyday life.
Breton hat
Women's summer wide-brimmed hat with a hemispherical crown and upturned brim. Often decorated with a ribbon around the crown and flowers. Usually made from straw or lightweight fabrics. As the name suggests, this headdress came to us from Brittany, the northern province of France. There, a hat of a similar shape was included in the everyday costume of peasant women, as it was extremely comfortable. It protected from the sun and, thanks to its curved brim, did not block the view. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Breton hat conquered the whole world and is still an extremely popular women's summer headdress.
Visor
A visor is either a cap in the form of a visor attached to a ribbon fastened at the back of the head or the visor itself. These hats are designed to protect your eyes from bright, direct sunlight and are often used by ladies who take care of their hair not only at elegant social events, but also on the tennis or volleyball court. These “caps” are convenient because the head does not sweat even during vigorous activity.
Military dress (warbonnet)
This name usually refers to an element of the traditional national costume of the American Indians - a headdress with feathers. This is, as a rule, a ribbon or a hat with a ribbon running down the back, which is richly decorated with feathers along its entire length. As a rule, these are the tail feathers of an eagle. Each of the feathers of the headdress should symbolize a feat or valiant act accomplished in battle, and therefore is a source of special pride for the owner.
Knitted wool hat (tuque)
These are traditional wool knitted hats common in Canada. They look like knitted tubes that fit tightly to the head, with tapering, closed ends. One half of this pipe is inserted into the other, so this cap turns out to be two-layer. At the end they are decorated with a tassel or pompom. These types of hats are called “beanies” in the UK.
Glengarry
The cap is flattened on the sides (like a cap), decorated with two ribbons attached to the back and a small pompom sewn on top. Sometimes it is finished off with a red-white-black checkered ribbon. Usually sewn from thick woolen fabric. According to legend, Glengarry was invented at the end of the 18th century by British Colonel Alexander Raneldson MacDonnell from Glengarry. The prototype for the new headdress was the national Scottish beret, the Balmoral, also decorated with ribbons and pompoms. Today, the Glengarry is worn by many Scottish regiments of the British army.
Ladies' hats (millinery)
The modern meaning of this word is “hatter”. In general, the word is most often used, starting from the 17th century, to refer to women's hats and related accessories that can be found in a hatter's shop. Previously, this word was used to describe the inhabitants of Milan in Italy. Later it migrated to manufacturers of women's clothing, and then reached hat manufacturers, who supplied their products in huge quantities from Milan to the UK. Nowadays, this is what people mostly call designer hats.
Yarmulke
A yarmulke is a cap that is constantly worn by Orthodox Jews as a sign of submission to God. Less orthodox representatives of this people wear such hats only in the most special cases: for example, while in a synagogue or a special event, for example, a wedding. Yarmulkes are made from different materials; they can be plain or with a pattern. Sometimes yarmulkes are attached to the head with one or two clothespins. Sometimes, there are such names as: “kopple” or “kippa”.
Boater
A hard straw hat with a cylindrical crown and straight brim, often decorated with a ribbon. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, rowing became fashionable in Europe. The rowers were always on fresh air, under the scorching sun, and, therefore, needed protection from it. It was for them that a light and comfortable straw hat was created - a boater. Soon the boater became a very popular men's headdress, and Coco Chanel introduced it into women's wardrobe. In prestigious boys' schools in Australia and New Zealand, the boater is still part of the compulsory school uniform. Whereas in the pre-war years, even FBI representatives wore boaters as part of their uniform.
Capuchin, capuchin hood (capuche)
Bonnets or kapushas are women's headdresses dating back to the romantic Biedermeier era (in Russia - Pushkin's times). It combines the features of a hat and a cap. The hood is equipped with a high hat crown (for hair pulled back to the back of the head) and a rigid brim framing the face, tapering towards the back of the head. Matonnieres are wide ribbons designed to hold the bonnet on the head, tied with a bow under the chin. At the turn of the 19th century, the hood appeared as an element of maids' clothing, however, after a fairly short time, it became popular among their mistresses. The peak of popularity of kapusha occurred in 1815-1840, was in fashion until 1860, and then was forgotten until the end of the 20th century.
Hood
A soft headdress attached to clothing. The hood has long been used for weather protection or camouflage. Over many centuries of use, the shape of the hood has remained virtually unchanged, so that now we wear approximately the same thing that Robin Hood once wore. Today, the hood is a mandatory element of sweatshirts, jackets, sheepskin coats and other types of outerwear. The hood is also widely used as an element of the uniform of special forces military units (reconnaissance officers, snipers, etc.), as part of a formal academic costume in European and American universities, and as a headdress for Catholic monks.
Hard hat
A protective headgear of a hemispherical shape, made of metal (for the military, police, etc.) or plastic (for miners, builders, etc.). The helmet is a modern form of helmet, which from time immemorial has protected the head of a soldier. The helmet became a full-fledged part of the military uniform during the First World War. Then military operations were mainly carried out in the trenches, and therefore the soldier’s head, sticking out of the trench, became the main target for an enemy bullet, which is why a new type of helmet was required. However, it soon became clear that a bullet hitting a helmet would break the soldier’s cervical vertebrae, but the helmet provided excellent protection from fragments and shrapnel. Today, helmets are used in all armies of the world, and also protect the heads of builders, miners, firefighters and other representatives of dangerous professions.
Kafia (koffiyeh)
Keffiyeh (others) possible options spelled kaffiya, kaffiyeh and keffiyeh) is a traditional Arabic headdress for men. Typically made from a piece of cotton, it looks like a scarf, sometimes with tassels at the ends. It was folded diagonally and tied on the head in a variety of ways using an agal (a loop or ring of thick twisted cord) or a ribbon. Most often, this headdress can be found in arid areas; it is worn to protect the head from the sun, and the eyes and mouth from dust and sand. Actively used in the armed forces. Over time, the keffiyeh has become an everyday accessory for Europeans, but they wear it around their necks.
Kepi
The kepi is a type of cap with a flat round crown and a small visor. The kepi was originally the most common headdress in the French army. Its predecessor appeared in the 1830s during the occupation of Algeria, and was a lightweight reed frame covered with fabric. Later, cheapness made the cap the most popular military headdress, starting in the mid-19th century. Currently, the cap has changed somewhat and has become a very popular headdress.
Trucker cap
A trucker cap is not much different from a regular baseball cap, but with a longer, more curved brim. They do not block the view, but, nevertheless, shield the eyes from sunlight. Quite often it happens that the crown is cut to a narrow ribbon covering the head. Or instead of the back there is a regular mesh. Such caps are very common in America and California.
Welder cap
A welder's cap is usually called an ordinary baseball cap with a shortened visor and a dense crown. Welding caps are worn solely for practical purposes: such caps are designed to protect workers' heads from burns from sparks flying from welding machines. Typically, these caps are made from thick fabrics like tarpaulin.
Cloche hat
The cloche hat appeared in the 20s of the 20th century in France, its name came from the French “bell”. It was invented by Caroline Rebo famous designer clothes from France. The cloche hat had several “comings” into the fashion world: from the beginning it lasted about 15 years, then returned in the eighties, and then briefly appeared in 2007 in many autumn collections. The tape covering the crown is very important. If a girl is young and interested in meeting a man, then her cloche will be decorated with a bright bow; if she is married, then the ribbon will be tied in a tight knot. Well, the ribbon with an “arrow” will tell others that the lady is not married, but with a gentleman.
Coverchief
Couvrechef is the medieval name for a head covering. A more modern name is kerchif. It is a piece of fabric, usually square. Used for protection from the weather, or as decoration. It can be not only a headdress, but also a neckerchief. If the kerchif is tied around the neck, then it is called “headrail”.
Ribbon "Alice" (Alice band)
The Alice ribbon is an accessory familiar to everyone. It is a hairband or elastic bandage. It got its name in honor of the famous Alice from Lewis Carroll's fairy tale. She is often depicted with this decoration in her hair. It is believed that the ancient Greeks started using the accessory. During especially special events, they decorated their heads with wreaths. Over time, wreaths turned into hair holders made of a wide variety of materials, and ceased to be decorations for special occasions. Elastic bandages are used mainly during sports and serve to absorb sweat. They are worn on the forehead, at the border of hair growth. Headbands are worn in the hair, and can be used as part of an image, or for their intended purpose - to remove hair from the face and eyes.
Monmouth cap
The name of this round wool knitted cap comes from the town of Monmouth in South Wales. Such hats first appeared in this area around the 16th century. It became especially widespread in the 17th century, especially among sailors and soldiers in America and Europe. And after the 18th century, its popularity practically disappeared. Most often, the Monmouth hat was made quite high and with small brims. At the top it was decorated with something like a button.
Night cap
A nightcap is a warm cloth cap that is worn at night, most often with pajamas or a nightgown. Usually has ties under the chin. They were worn by both men and women. They have become most widespread in Northern Europe since the Middle Ages. Most often they were worn in the autumn, before the central heating in the houses was turned on. These days they are used extremely rarely.
Opera hat
An opera hat is a type of top hat that has a folding top. Thanks to this, it was more convenient to store and transport. They were made mainly from stiff silk. This hat was very popular as an element of official men's suit in Europe in the second half of the 19th century. They wore it to various social events, for example, to the opera (hence the name). Currently, this hat is popular among circus and variety performers.
Hunting hat (deerstalker)
The hunting hat was worn in rural areas, and as its name suggests, most often for hunting, especially deer. It was usually made from checkerboard-colored fabric - black and white checkered. Its main feature is the presence of two “tongues” for the ears and two visors - in front and behind. They cover both the owner's face and neck from the sun. The “ears” can be tied under the chin or on the top of the head. The most famous wearer of this hat is Sherlock Holmes. It was mentioned once in the book that Holmes was wearing just such a hat, and since then the detective has been most often depicted wearing it. Later it became a stereotype - an item of clothing for any detective.
Panama
A light summer hat with a soft brim, often decorated with a contrasting ribbon along the crown. Most often made from straw. Despite its name, the Panama hat was invented and began to be produced not in Panama, but in Ecuador, but since the supply of such hats to Europe went through Panama, we got a “Panama hat” and not an “Ecuadorian one.” In Russia, the Panama hat itself, i.e. a summer headdress with a wide brim and a high crown, is usually called a hat, and all children's summer soft hats and bucket-hat are most often called Panama hats.
Peruvian Hat
Knitted llama or alpaca wool hat with ear-covering details and ties. Often made with a pompom. Usually with a beautiful knitted pattern. The difficult climatic conditions of the Andean highlands forced the Indians to find an original solution to the problem of cold. They approached the process creatively and created a world-class product. Now Peruvian hats are popular among free youth around the globe.
Garrison cap
A small light hat, flattened at the sides. It is believed that the cap first appeared in the Austrian army at the end of the 19th century. The prototype for it was the national Serbian shajkacha hat, which was worn by detachments of Austrian Serbs who attacked the Turkish border territories. In the Russian army, the cap was introduced during the First World War as a headdress for pilots. It could easily be hidden in a pocket and worn instead of a helmet after the end of the flight; a cap was not suitable in this case. For this reason, the cap (from the word pilot) was originally called a flight cap or flight cap. Over time, the cap became the uniform headdress of various military and paramilitary (pioneers, cadets, scouts, etc.) formations.
Flat cap
Has many other names. It is a rounded men's hat with a small visor in front. Most often, natural woolen fabrics are used to sew a flat cap, the most common of which is tweed. But sometimes you can find cotton and even leather flat caps. The inside of the hat is usually lined, most often made of silk. This type of headdress first appeared in Great Britain and some parts of Italy back in the 14th century. In the 19th century these caps were worn almost everywhere in Ireland and Great Britain. Thanks to the movies, most people associate this hat with the working class, or with chauffeurs and taxi drivers. The workers themselves most often called such a hat a “cloth cap.”
Rice hat
A cone-shaped hat with a chin strap, usually made of straw or fabric (such as silk). Asian hat, the main headdress of peasants in Southeast Asia. It protects them from the sun while working in the field, sometimes even acting as a primitive air conditioner; to do this, it is dipped in water and then put back on the head. In Vietnam, such hats are painted with flowers, and sometimes even poetry is written on them. In English-speaking countries, an Asian hat is called a rice hat or sedge hat, depending on whether it is made from rice straw or dried sedge.
Fisherman's hat
It is a soft cotton hat with a wide brim that slopes downwards. They are worn by both men and women. As a rule, I make these hats from heavy cotton fabrics such as denim or canvas. Most often, several holes are made in the crown using blocks, as a result of which ventilation occurs and it is not so hot in the hat. These hats are used by the US Navy. They are also a favorite hat for pilots, who often need to protect their heads from the sun. Wide-brimmed hats are not suitable for them because they need to be able to see in all directions. Currently, this hat is popular in many countries around the world.
Sombrero
A sombrero is a Mexican wide-brimmed hat with ties at the bottom to hold it on the head. Usually has small “dents” on the top of the head and a fairly wide brim, allowing it to shade the face, neck and shoulders of its wearer. The name of this hat is translated from Mexican as “making shadows.” As a rule, peasant sombreros are made of straw. They come in absolutely any designs, colors, with different patterns and decorations. Nowadays they are rarely seen on modern city dwellers. They are worn only on holidays. Sombreros have become a real symbol of Mexico, and tourists willingly buy them.
Songkok
Songkok is a headdress widely used in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Southern Thailand and the Philippines. It has the shape of a truncated cone, almost always black and embroidered. It is worn with traditional men's clothing and on special occasions, such as weddings. At any meeting of the divan, everyone present must wear a songkok - this is a kind of dress code.
Terai
It is a hat for sun protection, with wide brims and ventilation in the crown, most often made of felt. This hat gained immense popularity in the late 19th century. Used as an alternative to a tropical helmet. Now these hats are worn mainly by units of the Nepalese Gurkhas. They are complemented by pugari tied around the crown, at its base.
Tiara
A tiara is a form of crown. Initially - a tall head of the Pope, made in the form of a beehive. It was worn on certain occasions that had nothing to do with worship. It almost ceased to be used after 1963, when Paul VI officially abolished it. Currently, this word refers to a woman's jewelry that looks like a crown. Most often it can be seen at weddings.
Tyrolean hat
The Tyrolean hat is characterized by a fold at the top and a narrow brim. They are made from soft felt and painted in green color. They are decorated with a tassel or long feather on one side, and a cord at the base of the crown. These hats are considered a traditional headdress in the Alpine region, which previously occupied parts of Northern Italy and Austria - Tyrol.
Trilby
A trilby is a felt hat in the UK. They are characterized by a long crease across the top and a dent in the front. At the base of the crown, as a rule, trilbies are intercepted by narrow hat ribbons. And although the trilby is very similar to the fedora, unlike the latter, it is a man's hat. Its name is associated with Trilby O'Ferrall (a character in the novel "Trilby", 1894, George du Maurier, staged in London - 1895), who wore such a hat.
Tropical helmet (pith helmel)
A helmet with a wide brim and a hemispherical crown. Often has a chin strap and a pommel in the form of a small pike or emblem. Usually made from cork or plant fibers, and covered with fabric on top. The colonial helmet appeared in the British army in the mid-19th century during wars with other European powers over their colonies in the tropics and armed uprisings in India. The colonial helmet was later used by the Americans during the Vietnam and Korean wars. Today, the colonial helmet is an element of the uniform of some army units of Great Britain and the countries of the British Commonwealth.
Tam-o-shanter (tam-o-shanter)
Traditional headdress in Scotland. Round hat with a tight-fitting band around the head and a soft, voluminous top. The top of the head is usually decorated with a pompom. These hats are made mainly from wool. They wear it twisted to one side. Now found only as the headdress of Scottish regiments in the British Army, and in some military branches of Canada.
Skullcap (tubeteika)
Skullcaps are small, brimless hats with a low, pointed crown. These hats belong to the class of national headdresses, and therefore are often decorated with symbolic traditional patterns embroidered throughout the skullcap. These hats are common in many regions of Central Asia. In addition, they are often purchased by tourists as souvenirs.
Turban
Turban is a collective name for headdresses that look like a long strip of fabric wrapped around the head and worn by people of completely different cultures. Turbans can be any shape, size or color. Turbans can be wrapped around a bare head or a small inner cap. They are usually worn by Sikhs - they allow them to hide hair that is not cut for religious reasons. They are called "pugari" or "dastaar". Turbans are worn by Hindus, Muslims and Rastafarians.
Varsity cap
A varsity cap is commonly referred to as a cap worn by members of American college or university sports teams. In particular, these include sports caps for Ivy League students. A varsity cap looks like a regular baseball cap, painted in the team's colors and with the team's logo embroidered or glued in the center above the visor.
Ushanka
Ushankas are considered a traditional headdress in Russia. This is a brimless hat with a slightly tapered or straight brim and a flat round crown. Ushankas are made of fur or sheepskin and are intended to protect against the cold. There are flaps on the sides, you can either tie them up at the top of your head (if it's not very cold), or lower them and tie them under your chin, covering your ears (if it's cold). There is a military or police variation of earflaps with a metal emblem pinned to the front.
Bridal veil
A women's wedding veil made of light transparent fabric, usually decorated with flowers or lace. A veil is a traditional element of a bride's outfit in many countries around the world. Scientists believe that this is a common symbol of purity and innocence among Indo-European peoples. The veil has a sacred meaning; it protects the girl getting married from the glances of envious people and the evil eye. After the wedding, the veil becomes a talisman for the new family; it is even used to cover sick children to speed up their recovery.
Fedora
Fedora is a soft felt hat, once wrapped with a ribbon. Its distinctive feature is three dents on the crown. Most often, this headdress is associated with private detectives or gangsters, and all this is thanks to Hollywood films that instilled this stereotype. In the 50s and 60s of the last century, the fedora went out of fashion. They forgot about her for about half a century. And now she is experiencing her rise again. A man wearing a fedora must adhere to certain standards of etiquette. For example, a lady who has just entered the room should be greeted by lifting her hat with three fingers, which lie in the dents on the crown.
Fez
A fez is a hat in the shape of a truncated cone or cylinder, usually decorated with tassels. Most often it is made from tapestry fabric or wool. This headdress comes from the Byzantine Empire. From the beginning of the 19th century, the fez replaced the turban in the uniform of Ottoman soldiers and officials. The fashion for the European costume did not in any way affect the fez, since it was the best headdress for Muslim bows during prayer, unlike hats with brims. In Italy in the 1920-1940s, the black fez became a symbol of fascism. In addition, a fez is a part of a diving suit - a knitted woolen cap.
Flameum
The ancient Romans called a flammeum a purple veil that the bride put on before the wedding. It covered almost the entire body including the head, only the face remained open. The flammeum was removed only when the bride, or rather, already a young wife, was brought into the wedding room. From the Romans this custom passed on to the Christians, only they, in addition to purple capes, also used white ones. Also called a flammeum was a cap, again, purple, worn by Roman priests.
Forage cap
Headdress with a high crown, band and visor. Usually it is decorated along the band and the upper edge of the crown with a special belt - a welt and cockades (special insignia) attached to the crown and band. The cap got its name from the word - fodder (food for military horses). The fact is that the first caps appeared during the Napoleonic wars, and they were worn by Russian, Prussian and British cavalrymen who were searching for food for their horses. Today, the cap, in its various forms, is part of the military uniform of the armies of many countries around the world. It should be added that in Great Britain and the countries of the British Commonwealth the term forage cap is also used to refer to a cap.
Hijab
Traditional head covering for women in Muslim countries. It is a scarf tied around the head in a special way. There are options with an open face and an option that leaves a small gap for the eyes. Eastern women are required to wear the hijab according to Sharia law.
Homburg
A men's felt hat with a curved brim and a crown in the form of a truncated cone (often with a fold at the top), decorated with a wide ribbon along the crown. The production of hats of this type began at the end of the 19th century in the German city of Bad Homburg, after which this type of headdress was named. For a long time, Homburg was not known outside Germany. It entered into pan-European fashion thanks to King Edward VII of Great Britain, who, as heir to the throne, saw a homburg from his nephew Kaiser Wilhelm and decided to order the same one for himself. New style hats quickly gained popularity, and until the 50s. In the 20th century, the homburg was a mandatory element of a men's suit, and representatives of the Soviet elite wore it in the 90s.
Cylinder (top hat)
A top hat is usually called a cylindrical men's hat with a flat top. As a rule, it is narrower in the middle than at the top and bottom; it has hard narrow brims, curved at the sides. John Hetherington, an English haberdasher, invented the top hat in the 18th century, slightly modifying the riding hat. And the 19th century was even called the “century of the cylinder”, it was so popular. Today they are worn either with a formal suit (which is quite rare) or with a magician's costume (a common occurrence). Another commonly used name you will often hear is topper.
Mob cap
They are a round cap made of pleated or gathered fabric. Consists of a cap to cover the hair and ruffled edges, often decorated with ribbons. Usually tied under the chin. Until the end of the 18th century, it was an unofficial headdress that women wore only at home. And only later did it become a fashionable item of clothing. It was used as a completely independent part of a costume, or worn under a hat. At the beginning of the 20th century, such a cap began to be used by nurses. And now, slightly modified, it is part of the uniform of medical staff. These days it is made from disposable materials such as polypropylene.
Bobble hat
A knitted hat ending with a pompom. This type of headdress appeared in Great Britain in the mid-20th century. There, such hats were associated exclusively with bad taste and the working class. Hats with pom-poms were especially popular among football fans; they even began to knit their hats in the colors of their favorite team. Over time, hats with pom-poms ceased to be considered a tasteless element of the wardrobe, since even movie and show business stars began to wear them, appreciating their practicality.
Stocking cap
Stocking hat - a warm winter knitted hat. Most often it had the shape of a cone, descending to the shoulder or below. Sometimes the end of the cone was decorated with a tassel or pompom. This headdress got its name because of its appearance, as it resembled a stocking in length. There are many different variations of this hat. They come in different lengths, colors and compositions. Sometimes there are even embroidered stocking caps
Skullcap
A small, light, brimless cap that fits tightly around the head. Most often knitted.
Ranger hat (campaign cap)
These hats are also called ranger hat or boy scout hat. Appearance: a wide-brimmed felt (rarely straw) hat, with a high crown symmetrically “pinched” on four sides, and thus forming a peak in the center - the “Montana Fold”. Initially, the crown of the hat ended in an ordinary folding one, but due to heavy tropical rains, the design of the hat was changed for the sake of practicality: water does not linger in the “Montana fold.” Today, these hats are used by the Royal Canadian Police, the New Zealand Army, the US Armed Forces, and law enforcement bodies of the USA and Canada, as well as the Boy Scouts.
Broad brim hat
Wide brim hat. In principle, any hat whose brim extends far enough beyond the crown can be considered a wide-brimmed hat. In the West, the word broadbrim is used to describe a cowboy hat, a Breton hat, and even a sambrero. Although initially this term was used to refer to the male headdress of Quakers (members of one of the Protestant sects). Today, broadbrim most often refers to any wide-brimmed hat.
Cartwheel hat
The wheel hat differs from its other “relatives” in its wide brim and low crown. The wheel hat can be of two types: with a round crown, tightly covering the head and clearly separated from the brim, or with a pointed crown, without a clear transition into the brim, attached to the head with a ribbon or cord on the chin. The wheel hat is a real salvation for women: it can be wear with anything and any way. Today, such hats exist in many styles and price categories. It can be either a leather or felt hat, either linen or straw. It can be worn both to the beach and to a business date.
Bucket hat
A soft summer hat with the brim down to protect its owner from the sun. Usually made from thick fabrics: cotton or denim. Often, two small “eyes” are made on the sides of such a hat, providing air circulation and allowing it to better withstand the heat. The bucket hat received its unusual name because of its shape, reminiscent of the household item of the same name. In Russia, a bucket hat is usually called a Panama hat.
Bowler Hat
A felt men's hat of a hemispherical shape, with a small brim curved up. The bowler hat was invented in 1849 by British soldier Edward Cocke. The bowler hat replaced the top hat, which was extremely inconvenient when riding. The riders hit the branches with the cylinder, and it easily fell off their heads. And the design of the pot allowed it to stay firmly on its owner. The bowler hat was named after the London hatters Thomas and William Bowler (whose surname translates into Russian as “boiler”), who were the first to start producing these hats. Also in England, the bowler hat was also called a billycock, presumably in honor of the first client (Billy Cock), who ordered a new hat from the workshop. There is another name for derby hat.
Pork pie hat
A hat with a cylindrical crown, which has a small recess at the top, and a fairly wide brim, shaped like a boater. Often decorated with a ribbon around the crown. This hat got its English name because its shape resembles that of a classic British pork pie. The felt hat became popular at the end of the 19th century, and today is an indispensable attribute of jazz and ska musicians. In Britain, the term pork pie hat also refers to the hats worn by sailors of the British and some other navies. However, sailors' hats do not have a brim, and the top edge of their crown protrudes slightly beyond the bottom.
pillbox hat
A small brimless hat with a cylindrical crown; often completely flat, with a small groove encircling the center of the crown. Sometimes it is decorated with a veil. It’s hard to believe, but until recently, a pillbox hat, complete with a chin strap, was a military headdress. It is still used in this capacity in some countries of the British Commonwealth. IN women's fashion The pillbox hat was introduced in the 60s by Jacqueline Kennedy, the first lady of the United States. Since then, it has been considered almost the most elegant women's headdress, perfect for going out.
The tradition of covering one's head with a headdress came from ancient times, when such a custom had rather a religious background. Today, with the help of hats, caps and all kinds of caps, people, due to practicality, shelter from weather conditions, and also, due to aesthetics, decorate their external image and style. The types of men's hats, of which there are several dozen today, deserve special attention.
With the help of a headdress, men not only protect their heads from the harsh Russian winters, but also emphasize their style and appearance. Modern designers and fashion houses offer constantly updated collections of products of various styles, shapes, weaving and knitting methods, colors and prints. When creating such wardrobe items, experts took into account seasonal characteristics, age, preferences and different styles of men’s clothing.
Fashion trends never stand still, constantly offering new trends and styles. The same applied to men’s hats, which have been radically modified and improved over the centuries. Today, caps and hats for men come in more than 20 varieties and types to meet the needs of men of all ages and walks of life.
Expert opinion
Helen Goldman
Male stylist-image maker
In wardrobe modern man must be at least 3 different types headdresses. First of all, comfortable and universal hat for everyday wear. A product in a strict classic style for a formal setting is also a must. And the third headdress can be the model that matches the character and hobbies of the man.
Bandana
We are talking about a headscarf or a regular scarf, with which a man can cover his head from direct sunlight. This style is most often preferred by bikers and young people.
Hood
In this case, military and Cossack men's headdresses are presented in the form of a pointed hood with elongated blades. This headdress was worn to cover the head from bad weather conditions, tying the ends around the neck.
Baseball cap
This type of cap began to be worn by baseball players during the game, covering their face and head from the sun. Today, baseball caps are preferred by men of all ages, regardless of lifestyle.
Beret
This headdress first appeared in the Middle Ages. Visually, it resembles a cap, but with a rounded shape and without a visor. Almost every artist has a couple of beret models in his wardrobe.
Capless cap
The same cap hat, but without a visor, which is where the name comes from. Most often, such a headdress can be seen on men in the army.
Bolivar
One of the varieties of the cylinder, which was glorified in Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin”.
Bomber
A modern type of headdress for men, which visually resembles a hat with earflaps. Typically the product is made of leather with sheepskin trim.
Boyarka
The name of the product already speaks for itself; this is an original Russian headdress worn by boyars. The top of the hat is made of fur, there is a silk lining inside, and there is also a velvet cap.
Budenovka
This is a helmet with the shape of a warrior’s helmet from the period of the 15th century, which was worn by Red Army soldiers, emphasizing their heroism and greatness.
Galero
This style of hat was worn in the past by cardinals, it was a red wide-brimmed hat with 15 tassels hanging down the sides.
Gangster hat
In this case we are talking about a classic hat with a brim and three dents on the sides and top of the crown. Second title.
Bicorne
This type of headdress can be seen in images of Napoleon himself. In those days, all officials and officers wore this type of hat.
Yarmulka
This type of headdress is worn by all religious Jews to this day. We are talking about a small cap without brim or lapels, covering only the top of the head.
Jockey
A sports model of a helmet-shaped hat with a small visor, which is worn today by horse riders.
Kamilavka
This type of headdress is part of the Orthodox religion. Visually, the hat is made in the form of a cylinder expanding upward; the kamilavka can be black, red and purple.
Boater
This hat with a rigid shape came from France, where it was made of straw, decorated with a cylindrical low crown and small straight brims.
Capello Romano
A Roman hat shape that resembles the shape of the planet Saturn. This is a round hat made of durable fabrics, which has a hemispherical crown and straight wide brim.
Hood
This headdress goes along with outerwear, intended to cover the head from wind and precipitation.
Kartuz
One of the forms of cap that was popularized in European armies of the 15th-17th centuries.
Helmet
This headdress is made in the form of a helmet to protect the head from mechanical influences. The helmet was first worn by military people, and today by all workers in dangerous fields.
Casket
This is one of the types of helmet, but it protects the head from external irritants, and not from injury.
Kepi
A type of men's cap, which is supposed to have a small horizontal visor.
Cap
This cap is distinguished by a solid bottom shape, a round crown and the presence of a straight wide visor. .
Cowl
This headdress was worn by monks; it then consisted of a cylinder with a cut-off brim “kamilavka” and basted black fabric that covered the back of the man’s head.
Cowboy hat
It can be a hat made of straw, felt or even leather with a round crown, the top of which is slightly concave, and also with the brim bent on both sides towards the top.
Cap
This product is made in a conical and slightly rounded shape, and today it comes in several varieties. This could be a funny joker's hat, a chef's hat, or a Santa Claus hat.
Confederate
This headdress is the national cap of Poland, characterized by a quadrangular top. Often academic graduates wore headdresses of this style, hence the name confederate.
Bowler
Such hats for men were widely popular among Europeans. The bowlers were made with neat and small brims, in a hemispherical shape, made of hard materials.
Kubanka
A low hat, which was made in a flat cylindrical shape. It was originally worn by Cossacks, and later the kubanka began to be popularized by women.
Ski hat
A modern model of warm hats for winter sports lovers. It is usually made of warm materials and bright colors, complemented by a bubo or pompom.
Hunting hat
A distinctive feature of this hat is the presence of two visors in front of the head and behind, as well as two side parts to cover the ears. The front visor of the headdress is intended to protect the face from the sun, the remaining parts are intended to protect from wind and cold. A hat of this style became famous with the help of the image of Sherlock Holmes.
Papakha
A military type of headdress made of astrakhan fur or sheepskin. This model became widespread among the Cossacks.
Cap
A military hat with a flattened shape on the sides, which was made of lightweight materials. The front of the cap was decorated with a coat of arms or other military identification marks.
Pork Pie
A hat that got its name due to its special shape and similarity to a pork pie. Visually, it resembles a bowl, a cylindrical crown of small height with a hollow in a circle, reminiscent of how housewives pinch a pie.
Fisherman's hat
This accessory is made from light olive-colored fabrics, decorated in themed style hooks, fish and various baits.
Straw hat
Classic straw model with spreading brim. This accessory option is used by both sexes only during the hot season of the year to protect against sunlight.
Sombrero
A thematic national hat, which is made in the shape of a cone-shaped crown and wide brims, raised upward with rounded edges. This type of headdress has been worn by Mexican musicians for centuries.
Tweed hat
Thick wool tweed will carefully protect your head from windy weather. At the same time, the product is soft to the touch with a small pile, made with diagonal weave of threads. This year's new trend is the melange tweed hat.
Cocked hat
This type of hat involves folding the brim so that three corners are formed. Today, this style has lost popularity due to the appearance of the bicorne.
Tribley
Visually, this hat resembles the Fedora model, but it has a small and narrowed brim, as well as a trapezoidal crown with hollows in the center and on both sides.
Skullcap
Today, the skullcap is presented in different variations - with a round or square top, flat and pointed, dense or light in materials, but always a bright cap with national decor. The skullcap belongs to the Uzbek national costume and is worn to this day.
Turban
This type of headdress is the national treasure of the Persian people. Back then, a turban was called a turban, when a piece of material was tied around the head, standing out from the crowd with such an accessory.
Ushanka
This is an original Russian headdress that has been popular among men of all ages for several hundred years. A voluminous hat in the form of a round helmet or square shape, which continues with two edges below the ears, having ties. Made from leather, suede, fur.
Do you wear a hat with earflaps?
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Fedora
The fedora hat is perhaps the most common type of men's hat. The crown is made of a trapezoidal shape, and there are hollows in its very center and on both sides. If we talk about the classic model, it is made of soft felt.
Fez
The Ottoman Empire is remembered by many people not only for its luxurious outfits, but also for its national headdress - the fez. Visually, it resembles a wide cap with rounded edges, which was made of red woolen fabric, complemented with a tassel.
Finca
– winter warm hat for men, which has a flat shape and a band (back of the head) descending from the fur. Thanks to this shape, the product firmly covers the head, ears and neck from wind and frost.
Cap
This accessory is worn by police officers, as well as civilian men. The headdress must have a solid visor and a stable band.
Homburg
A type of felt hat for men, which should have a curved brim and a ribbon around the crown. And in the center of the crown there is always a longitudinal hollow.
Cylinder
In this case, we are talking about a cylinder-shaped hat with a fairly high top and neat narrow brim. The peak of popularity of men's top hats occurred in the 19th century.
Shapoklyak
The famous hat, which stands for shapo - hat and klyak - slap. Visually, the hat resembles a cylinder, but this type of headdress could be folded.
Hats in modern society
If we consider any of the above names of headdresses, we can conclude that only a few have reached modern male society. Of these models, the hats that have not lost their relevance are Fedora, Trible, Baseball Cap, Kepi, Cap, Gangster Hat, Tweed and Straw Hat. Also today, fur, knitted and voluminous hats are at the peak of popularity.
Designers distinguish men's hats into several groups. For example, household products for everyday wear, discreet and laconic models. There are also special-purpose hats that involve a professional and sports design (for example, baseball caps, hard hats, academic caps, caps, caps, etc.). Experts also offer models for all seasons of the year - demi-season, summer and winter options.
Conclusion
All of the listed types of men's hats originate from past eras and centuries, and only some of them have not lost their relevance to this day. Experts note that modern caps and hats for men are not so much practical and functional wardrobe items, but rather accessories for creating individual style and image.
By protecting the head from adverse environmental influences, a hat can instantly change a person’s image: an ordinary man in a hat looks like a gentleman, and a woman looks like a lady! In addition, in a class society, they showed which rung of the social ladder a person managed to climb.
Headwear: types: knitted hat with a pom-pom, knitted hat-sock, knitted earflaps (women's)
All types of hats can be divided into two large groups: special and household.
Household hats: types
Household hats according to age and gender are divided into men's, women's, youth, teenage and children's.
According to the season, they are winter, summer and for the spring-autumn period of wear. The degree of rigidity of the headgear design is determined by the materials for the external, internal and intermediate parts of the product. They are hard, semi-hard and soft.
Various materials are used to make hats: natural and artificial fur, various types of leather, fabrics, straw, etc.
Based on the manufacturing method, there are molded, sewn and woven hats.
Main types of hats:
- hats;
- hats;
- caps and caps;
- berets
Hat(from German Schappe) - a headdress consisting of a bottom, crown and brim. To make hats, straw, felt, cloth, leather, fur, etc. are used. Due to the varying sizes of the crown, brim and bottom, there are many styles of hats. Nowadays, any men's hat can be a women's hat.
Photo - women's fedora hat (Gucci), floppy hat, bibi hat
Photo - cowboy hat and slouch
Hat styles
Bibi- the general name for miniature women's hats that complement evening dresses.
Borsalino(Borsalino) is not a style of hat, but the name of an Italian company founded in 1857 by Giuseppe Borsalino. The company produces hats various styles, however, most often the mention of the Borsalino hat is associated with the model of the classic Fedora, which determined the appearance of gangsters and mafiosi of the 40-50s of the XX century.
Boater(from the French canotier - rower) - a low straw hat with a flat crown and straight brim for boating. In Venice - gondoliers' headdress, decorated with a red or blue ribbon.
Cowboy hat (Stutson hat) - a felt hat with a wide brim, curved up, common among cattle breeders in the Western United States since 1870.
Cloche hat- a small, deep women's hat in the shape of a bell, popular in the 20s of the 20th century.
Bowler(bowler hat) - a traditional British headdress since 1850, made of dark or light felt, having a rounded crown, small brim and a grosgrain ribbon for. It is shaped like a cooking pot.
Models of hats - photo: tablet, cylinder and cloche
Panama- summer hat made of white fabric: pique, linen, linen, etc. Named after the state in Central America.
Slouch- an elegant women's hat with a lowered brim, which appeared in the 30s of the 20th century.
Sombrero- headdress of the peoples of Latin America in the form of a wide-brimmed hat made of felt or straw.
Tablet- an elegant women's hat without a brim, round or oval, popular in the 30s - 60s of the 20th century. It is a stylish accessory to a wedding or cocktail outfit.
Trilby- a small hat with short brim and a dent on the crown, decorated with a ribbon and a small bow on the left side. Popular among young people and show business stars. The classic trilby is brown, but today it can be any shade.
Headdress styles - photo: turban, hijab and turban (Balenciaga)
Fedora(Fedora or snap brim) - a deep felt hat with a wide brim and three dents on the crown - on the top, left and right, so that it is convenient to lift it as a sign of greeting using three fingers. It received its name in 1882 in honor of the play of the same name by Victorien Sardou. Another name for Fedora is snap brim, which translated means “broken brim”, since in the front part it was lowered over the eyes, and at the back it was folded up.
Floppy(Floppy hat) - a felt hat with a wide brim, similar to a cowboy's, but the brim is not curved.
Homburg(homburg) - an elegant men's hat made of felt with a deep dent at the crown and curved brim, named after the German city where it was first made. Gained popularity since 1882. An integral part of the official men's suit during the 20th century.
Cylinder- a tall headdress made of black silk plush with small brims, which appeared in 1797 in London, popular throughout the 19th century. Nowadays, the top hat is worn at official events: it is required when attending the royal races at Ascot, etc.
Shapoklyak(from the French chapeau a claque - “cotton hat”) - a folding cylinder with a soft crown and a mechanical device inside, invented in 1823 in France.
Hats: shapes - photos: fur hat-malachai, beanie hat (Colin Farrell) and cap (Burberry, winter 2011-2012)
Types of fur hats
Ambassador(Moscow) - a mouton cap in the form of a cap with a band, which was worn by members of the USSR government until the 70s of the 20th century. In the 90s, M.S. Gorbachev again introduced fashion for such a hat, only made from mink fur, which was popularly nicknamed “pie”.
Boyarka- a round winter hat, consisting of a cap made of leather or fabric with an insulated lining and a fur band. In Rus', both women and men wore the boyarka.
Bomber- a youth model of a winter headdress with long ears and sheepskin trim, similar to aviator hats of the 20s of the XX century.
Gogol- a mouton cap in the form of a cap without a band, with a deep longitudinal wrinkle. It was popular among the Russian intelligentsia of the early 20th century. This type of hat was worn by M. Kirov, M. Suslov and others.
Photo - men's hat trapper, bomber and ambassador
Photo - women's fur beret, kubanka (women's) and papakha (women's)
Kubanka- a low cylindrical fur hat with a flat top - the uniform headdress of the Cossack troops. Before World War II, it was a popular men's headdress in the Kuban, and in the 80s of the 20th century it came into fashion as a women's winter hat.
Malachai- a voluminous hat made of fur from fur-bearing animals, covering the back of the neck or decorated with a tail.
Trapper- a combined hat with earflaps made of leather and beaver fur, created in a hunting style.
Papakha- a tall headdress in the form of a pipe with a flat top, created based on the papas of the Caucasian peoples and the Don Cossacks.
Hat with ear flaps(“Russian hat”) - a fur or combined headdress consisting of a cap, a visor, a back cover and headphones. The prototype of the hat with earflaps is the headdress of nomads, known since ancient times. In Western countries, a hat with earflaps made from the fur of fur-bearing animals is called a “Russian hat.”
Photo - baseball cap (Sean Penn) and gondoliers in Kanotye
Caps and caps - headdresses with a visor
Types of caps
Baseball cap- summer cap made of lightweight material with a long visor.
Casket- a men's cap with a visor, without a band or crown, known since the beginning of the 19th century.
Kartuz- a cap made of cloth with a high band, the top of which consists of wedges or a round bottom and walls. In pre-revolutionary Russia, caps were used as decorations for holidays.
Coppola- a cap made of drape or soft felt, which was the headdress of Sicilian drivers and has become popular all over the world.
Photo - 1st row: Nomburg hat, boater, bowler hat and cap; 2nd row: shapoklyak hat, cap, fez, trilby (classic)
Types of knitted hats
Beanie(beanie) - a knitted hat that fits tightly to the head, without decorations in the form of pompoms or patterns. Initially it was a headdress for workers, but, having become fashionable, it is used by all segments of the population.
Norwegian hat- a knitted hat decorated with patterns and a pompom.
Trumpet hat- a knitted hat in the form of a tube, knitted with a “stocking” or having one seam, which reliably protects the head and neck from cold and wind.
Helmet- a knitted hat, the design of which covers the head and neck.
Beret- round headdress soft shape. It can be knitted, felt or sewn from fabric, leather, fur.
Photo - knitted funnel hat, knitted helmet hat and niqab
Oriental headdresses
Yarmulka- a Jewish headdress in the form of a round cap without a band, which fits tightly to the head and is often attached to the hair with a hairpin.
Niqab- a headdress for Muslim women made of black fabric with a narrow slit for the eyes, covering the head and neck. The simplest niqab consists of a headband to which two scarves are attached - front and back.
Skullcap- a small round or square hat, common among all segments of the population in eastern countries.
Turban(French turban) - a headdress of eastern peoples made of light fabric wrapped around the head.
Fez(fes) - a headdress made of red felt in the form of a truncated cone, which is worn by both men and women in Arab countries. The decoration of the men's fez is a black or blue tassel, while the women's fez is decorated with gold embroidery.
Types of headdresses - photo: boyarka fur hat (women's), skullcap (women's) and cap (Moschino)
Hijab(Arabic - veil) - this is the name in Islam for any type of clothing that covers a woman’s body, but in Western countries this name means .
Turban- a headdress for men and women made of a long piece of fabric wrapped around a fez, hat or skullcap.
Special headwear: styles and models
In the group of special headwear, the following subgroups can be distinguished:
- industrial - necessary to protect the head when performing various types of work;
- sports - protect the head during sports competitions;
- military - are part of military equipment;
- religious - are part of the vestments of clergy.
Photo - 1st row: balaclava - mask (protection from the cold), mask hat, Finnish cap (men's), swimmer's cap; 2nd row: heat-resistant balaclava with helmet, safety helmet, work helmet, helmet with visor
To protect the head in hazardous working conditions, the following special headgear is used:
Helmet(from Spanish casco - helmet, skull) - hard headdress made of plastic or metal. It may have a visor to protect the eyes from chips or sparks getting into them.
Helmet- hard protective headgear round shape.
Balaclava- a knitted hat worn under a helmet or helmet to protect against cold, wind and sparks getting into the collar of clothing.
Sports headwear ensures the health safety of the athlete during competitions and training.
Some types of sports hats:
Ski cap - knitted hat, tightly fitting to the head.
Cap for swimmers- a thin cap made of elastic material, pressing to provide the swimmer with maximum speed over the distance.
Goalkeeper helmet- a hard headgear with a protective mesh that protects the face from being hit by a puck or hit by a stick.
Boxer helmet- a soft helmet with an open top that protects the athlete’s head from the sides from impacts during a fight.
Photo - skull cap with hairpin, tennis visor and ski helmet
Beret- a flat, round headdress that is part of the military equipment of the armies of many countries around the world. In connection with the reform of the Russian army, in the spring of 2011, the beret replaced the cap in the military uniform of soldiers.
Capless cap- a uniform headdress in the form of a cap without a visor, characteristic of the Russian army and navy. Introduced in 1811 as part of the uniform of soldiers, sailors, junior commanders and cadets of naval schools. In 1872, ribbons appeared in the cap, which indicated the name of the ship or the number of the naval crew. Nowadays, the name of the fleet or school is indicated on the ribbons.
Budenovka- uniform headdress of the Red Army soldiers in the form of a pointed helmet, which was in service in the Red Army until 1940. Soviet-Finnish War 1939-1940 showed the impracticality of the budenovka, and it was replaced with a hat with earflaps in accordance with Order No. 187 of the NCO of the USSR dated June 5, 1940.
Papakha(Kubanka) - a headdress of Cossack military equipment made of black sheepskin with a cloth top. The height of the fur band of the hat was 3 vershok (1 vershok = 4.445 cm). The color of the cloth on the papas of the Kuban Cossacks was scarlet, and that of the Terek Cossacks was blue. The top of the hat consisted of 4 wedges and was trimmed with galloon along the seams (crosswise) and in a circle. The color of the braid for cavalry regiments and divisions is silver, for Plastun battalions and artillery - . According to the Decree of V.V. Putin dated May 8, 2005, the papakha was introduced into use as a headdress for colonels and generals of the Russian Army.
Photo - peakless cap, Cossack hat andmilitarycap
Cap- summer army head until 2011. The cap was first introduced in aviation units in 1913: pilots wore a folding headdress in their pocket or in their bosom, putting it on after flights instead of a heavy helmet. The first names of the cap are “flight”, “perletka” (“flight folding cap”). In 1919, the cap was introduced as a uniform headdress for students of military courses, and it appeared in the army in 1935.
Cap- a headdress for the spring-autumn season, consisting of an oval bottom, four walls, a band and a visor.
Finnish hat- winter headdress for middle, senior and top commanding personnel of the Red Army since 1931, and since 1936 - for the command staff of the NKVD troops of the USSR. A special feature of the hat is an oval cap made of cloth with a button at the top, consisting of 4 - 6 wedges, to which a visor and a cap made of merlushka or astrakhan wool, lined with cloth, were sewn. The cap and backplate were insulated with cotton wool and secured with hooks, but if necessary, the backplate could be lowered. The color of the fur of the hat was gray or brown, and the cloth was gray or khaki. A badge - a cockade - was attached to the visor.
Hat with ear flaps(Kolchakivka) - a combined winter headdress for military personnel since 1940, made of fur and cloth. Used in 1919 in A. Kolchak’s units. The color of cloth and fur is currently gray.
Hat-mask- a knitted hat that covers the head and face, with holes for the eyes and mouth. Necessary for special forces soldiers for camouflage.
Models of headgear - photo: hockey goalie helmet, boxer helmet and hockey player helmet
Types of religious headdresses
Kamilavka- a headdress of priests of the Orthodox Church, having the appearance of a black or expanding cylinder purple.
Cowl- a headdress of the Orthodox clergy, consisting of a kamilavka (cylinder) and a “basting” attached to it - a bedspread with three long ends, going down the back and shoulders. The monks have a black hood, the Metropolitan and the Patriarch have a white one.
Miter- headdress of the highest clergy of the Orthodox and Catholic churches in the form of a hemisphere
Skufia- a small pyramid-shaped cap of black or purple color, which is the everyday headdress of monks and clergy. In the upper part of the fold the skufiya forms a cross.
Tiara- a cone-shaped headdress of the highest clergy of the Catholic Church made of brocade, decorated with gold embroidery and precious stones.
A variety of hats can reliably protect the head from adverse environmental influences and can be created for each person in accordance with fashion trends and their own taste.
Headdress styles - photos - miter, skufiya and hood (classic)
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Protecting your head from adverse environmental influences, headdress in an instant it can change the image of a person: an ordinary man in a hat looks like a gentleman, and a woman looks like a lady. In addition, in a class society, they showed which rung of the social ladder a person managed to climb.
All types of hats can be divided into two large groups: special and household.
Main types of hats:
Cowboy hat (Stutson hat) - a felt hat with a wide, curved brim, common among Western cattlemen USA since 1870
A cloche hat is a small, deep, bell-shaped women's hat, popular in the 20s of the 20th century.
Bowler hat – traditional headdress English since 1850, made of dark or light felt, with a rounded crown, small fields and grosgrain ribbon for decoration. It is shaped like a cooking pot.
A yarmulke is a Jewish headdress in the form of a round cap without a band, which fits tightly to the head and is often attached to the hair with a hairpin.
Niqab is a Muslim headdress made of black fabric with a narrow slit for the eyes, covering the head, face and neck. The simplest niqab consists of a headband to which two scarves are attached - front and back.
Skullcap is a small round or square-shaped cap, common among all segments of the population in eastern countries.
Turban (French turban) is a headdress of eastern peoples made of light fabric wrapped around the head.
Fez (fez) is a headdress made of red felt in the form of a truncated cone, which is worn by both men and women in Arab countries. The decoration of the men's fez is a black or blue tassel, while the women's fez is decorated with pearls and gold embroidery.
Hijab (Arabic - veil) is the name in Islam for any type of clothing that covers a woman’s body, but in Western countries this name refers to a headscarf.
Turban is a headdress for men and women made from a long piece of fabric wrapped around a fez, hats or skullcaps.
Beret- a flat, round headdress that is part of the military equipment of the armies of many countries around the world. In connection with the reform of the Russian army, in the spring of 2011 beret replaced the cap in the military uniform of soldiers.
Capless cap- uniform headdress in the form caps without a visor, typical for the Russian army and navy. Introduced in 1811 as part of the uniform of soldiers, sailors, junior commanders and cadets of naval schools. In 1872, ribbons appeared in the cap, which indicated the name of the ship or the number of the naval crew. Nowadays, the name of the fleet or school is indicated on the ribbons.
(coke, derby, English bowler hat) - a hat with a round top, a low crown and a medium-sized brim, curved up. Usually made from .
History of the bowler
Appearance
In 1849, the British soldier and Whig politician, brother of the second Earl of Leicester, Edward Coke ordered Lock & Co a hat for foresters that would fit tightly on the head, protect it from branches while riding, would not interfere with movement, and would be durable. At that time, foresters wore clothes that were easy to lose or damage. The hat was made by Thomas and William Bowler from a design by George and James Locke.
Edward Coke arrived in London for the order on December 17th. To test the strength of the new hat model, he stepped on it twice. The bowler passed the test and Coke paid 12 shillings for it.
Name 
In the 50s, a new model of hat was called “coke” - after the customer’s last name. Around 1859, Bowler & Son began producing these hats. In Great Britain, hats began to be called “bowler”, which is translated from English as “cauldron”, so in Russia, hats of this type began to be called “bowler”. In English-language texts about Chaplin, the word “derby” is used, because in the USA this headdress is called by the name of the horse race. In France it is called “melon hat” (chapeau melon), in Germany – “melon” (melon).
Fashion
The bowler hat came into fashion at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. It was worn with a suit since. In the USA it became a formal headdress, replacing the top hat. Bowler hats were worn by cowboys and railroad workers, lawmen and outlaws, including Bat Masterson, Butch Cassidy and Billy the Kid.
The pot, unlike the cylinder, could be produced by machine. Due to this, its cost was low, so bowler hats began to be worn by representatives of various segments of the population. Initially, the bowlers were made from felt, felted from rabbit fur and soaked in a mercury solution.
In the 20s of the twentieth century, the combination of a sweater and a bowler hat was considered street fashion. It was reflected in the films of Charlie Chaplin. At that time, black bowlers were worn with a casual suit, and brown ones with a semi-sports set.
Unmarried girls wore bowler hats for horse riding (married girls wore top hats). Later, bowler hats began to be worn by suffragettes - supporters of the movement for women's voting rights.
Famous personalities wearing bowler hats
The bowler hat was part of the image of comedians Roscoe Arbuckle, Charlie Chaplin, Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy. Winston Churchill wore a bowler hat. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, according to legend, exchanged his bowler hat for a cap with one of the workers after a speech at the Finland Station in 1917. In exile (in Switzerland and Germany) he wore a bowler hat.
Bowler hat in the second half of the twentieth century
The bowler hat fell out of fashion towards the end of World War II. It was replaced by soft fedoras and straw boaters. But in England, the bowler hat continued to be part of the official costume of the City of London until the 1960s.
In the 1960s television series The Avengers, John Steed (Patrick Macnee) constantly wore a bowler hat and. In the Bond film Goldfinger (1964), a hat with blades on the brim is used as a weapon against Agent 007. In the 1971 film A Clockwork Orange, Alex DeLarge and his gang wore bowler hats.
Bowler hat in the 21st century
Bowler hats are currently worn at Epsom races. Traditionally, bowler hats are worn by London Guards officers when changing into civilian dress, as well as by policewomen. Prince Charles and his sons are also officers, so, according to etiquette, they wear bowler hats for official events.
In 2006, the UK Department of Culture, Media and Sport decided to find out what features of the country most appeal to its residents. The bowler hat is included in the list of symbols of England, including the classic suit, the bulldog, Big Ben, the Tower, fox hunting, fife o'clock tea, Cambridge, Oxford, mini-, "Alice in Wonderland".
Sienna Miller, Stacey Ferguson, and Fergie love to wear bowler hats.
Bowler hats were one of the fall-winter 2005-2006 season. In 2010, bowlers were proposed. In 2011, these hats were introduced by Ana Locking. In the fall-winter season 2012-2013, bowlers appeared in the collections of Douglas Hannant, Billy Reid, Slava Zaitsev, Agnes B, Alexandre Herchcovitch.
Bowler hat as a national headdress
Bowler hat in Bolivia
The bowler hat ("bombin") is the traditional headdress of Bolivian Indian women - cholite. Since the 1920s, this headdress began to be worn by women from the Quechua and Aymara tribes living in Peru and Bolivia. For many years, cauldrons for the Bolivian market were made by Italian factories, but now they are made by local craftsmen. According to one version of the appearance of bowler hats in Bolivia, a batch of hats was delivered to the country for European workers, but the bowlers were too small in size and only suited local women. According to another version, an Italian hat seller brought too many bowler hats to Bolivia, and in order not to return with them, he told local women that they increased the birth rate.
