Egorova Natalya Viktorovna
Fun activity for preschoolers –
graphic dictations.
Drawing by cells– very exciting and useful activity for children. This is a playful way to develop a child’s spatial imagination, fine motor skills of the fingers, and perseverance.
Graphic dictations help develop attention, the ability to listen to the teacher, and spatial orientation. They will also prepare your child's hand for writing. They will teach the baby to be more attentive. This is a great way to develop logic, abstract thinking, and meticulousness. With the help of these activities, the child develops, corrects the correctness of his movements, “fills a steady hand", this skill will help him in school. Graphic dictations can be successfully used from the age of five.
What are graphic dictations? Graphic dictations are drawing in cells using the pointers in the task. To complete them we will need: a sheet of paper on which the cells are drawn, a pencil, an eraser. The tasks contain arrows (showing direction) and numbers (showing the number of cells that need to be passed in the indicated direction). If you follow the signs accurately and carefully, draw a line in the right direction at the right distance, you get a picture. It could be an animal various items, vegetables, fruits, trees, transport and much more.
Drawing by cells – good way teach your baby to use a pencil and pen. Teach how to hold it correctly, practice so that your fingers don’t get so tired from holding an object at school. This exercise will help teach your child to count correctly; here you will need to count the cells so that by drawing a line you will get a picture.
I practice graphic dictation, both with the whole group of children and in individual lessons with children. Children really like these exercises. Children also take great pleasure in drawing on the lined sheets with tasks.
How to do graphic dictation
(Rules for drawing by cells).
Graphic dictation can be performed in two versions:
1. The child is offered a sample of a geometric design and asked to repeat exactly the same design in a checkered notebook.
2. The adult dictates the sequence of actions indicating the number of cells and their directions (left, right, up, down). The child does the work by ear, and then compares his image of the ornament or figure with the example in the manual using the method of superposition.
When offering children such tasks, the teacher must observe certain rules. la:
When the teacher begins to dictate, he cannot pronounce any other words. And even more so repeat the same direction twice.
Dictations are written in complete silence.
If the child gets confused, he quietly puts down the pencil and calmly waits until the teacher finishes dictating. Only after this can you find out the error.
I start getting acquainted with the cage from the middle group.
I start work with the simplest thing - I write tasks in a notebook with a large square, the child must continue the row. Learning to see a cell and a line. We write sticks, squares, corners, simple patterns, each time making the tasks more difficult. We first divide the patterns into segments - we train, then all the particles are assembled into a pattern.
The following notations are used in the tasks: the number of cells being counted is indicated by a number, and the direction is indicated by an arrow.
Before you start writing a graphic dictation, you should explain to the children how the dictation will be carried out. First, we talk with the children that I will dictate to them how many cells the lines need to be drawn and in what direction. And they will draw these lines along the cells without lifting the pencil from the paper, and then together we will see what happens. Encourage the children to try to draw straight and beautiful lines, then the drawing will turn out wonderful.
For the first time, you can draw on the board with the children so that they can see how they need to work, and the children will be able to complete subsequent dictations without prompting. Before the dictation, you need to repeat where the right and left hands are, how to draw a line to the right and left. You can agree with the children about some marks (draw the letters “p” and “l” on the board, make marks on the walls, or stipulate that, for example: right hand points to the window, and the left one to the bedroom, etc.)
Then we move on to drawing under dictation.
To begin with, on the sheet with the dictation, in the upper corners, you need to mark - right and left. We give the child a squared notebook sheet, a pencil and an eraser.
In older groups, at the top of the picture we always indicate how many cells need to be moved away from the edge and top to start the dictation. In the indicated place, for example: retreat 5 cells from the edge to the left, count 6 cells from above. At this point you need to put a point. For children younger age It’s better to count the cells yourself and set a reference point (from this point the child will draw lines under dictation).
It’s better to start with the simplest: - one cell up (1, one cell to the right (1), one cell down (1), one cell to the left (1). The result is a square.
You need to dictate clearly, the child must perceive everything by ear. At the end of the work, look at how well the children’s figures coincide with the given elements. Review the sample. If the baby made a mistake, find out together where exactly. You can use an eraser to wipe away the point of failure and continue. The main thing is to support the child, praise him, if something doesn’t work out, you can offer to redraw the picture from the original.
Before each lesson, be sure to talk with your child about the fact that there are different directions and sides. Show him where is right, where is left, where is up, where is down. Pay attention to the baby that every person has a right and left-hand side. Explain that the hand with which he eats, draws and writes is his right hand, and the other hand is his left. For left-handers, on the contrary, it is necessary to explain to left-handers that there are people for whom working hand– right, but there are people for whom the working hand is the left.
This activity includes graphic dictation, discussion of images, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles and finger gymnastics. Each stage of the lesson carries a semantic load. Activities with your child can be arranged in different sequences.
Application:
Publications on the topic:
The didactic game "Graphic Examples" includes a set of cards with graphic images geometric shapes, located.
Consultation for parents “What are visual dictations for” Your child knows and distinguishes well geometric figures on any table he can find the same geometric shapes by shape and color.
Game as a leading activity for preschoolers A game for preschoolers is a way of learning about their surroundings. Social character games and play activities are determined by the fact that the child lives in society. Already.
Convenient and versatile training for children's minds. The usual training goes as follows: an adult says how to draw on a sheet of paper in a box, and the children implement it by translating the words into lines.
There are many drawings on the Internet - simple and more complex - drawn at right angles, along straight lines. The orientation is simple: know “right-left”, “up-down”, and count more precisely.
Types of graphic dictations
- Fence
- Items
- Items with complex steps
It is useful to teach three types of graphic dictation. Be sure to accompany the words with a show. Sit nearby so that the drawing is not upside down for the child.
Fence
The stitch repeats the pattern of the sample.
Everyone knows too. But I want to draw your attention: here it is useful to introduce the concept of a step. Drawing with straight lines at an angle of 90, we tell the children:
– Now we will walk through the cells. The cage has four corners. By drawing a line from corner to another corner, we take one step. We step up, down, right or left, wherever I tell you. If I say: two cells up, then you draw a line from a corner to another corner, and from that to a third corner. That is, you take two steps.
The result is a well-known pattern of repeating elements. At the initial stage, the child needs to be helped, prompted, asking: to the right is where, up is where. When you gain confidence in drawing a graphic dictation in cells, make life more difficult.
- Suggest: now dictate how to draw next. This complication works well when working in a group. There is additional interest and awareness of what I should do in the next moment (beginning of forecasting).
- When a couple of elements have been drawn under dictation, we suggest: continue on your own until the end of the line.
The second complication is diagnostic. It is clearly visible whether the child pays attention to the already drawn sample, how many mistakes he makes, whether he sees them and corrects them. It is very good when children see mistakes and try to correct them: self-control has appeared - the most important quality for a future student.
Items
I won’t even describe it - everyone knows it. The Internet is full of examples. A closed contour is drawn. I will note one useful complication for symmetrical drawings: we draw half of it under dictation, and complete the second half in a mirror image of the first, like the Christmas tree in the drawing. A robot, a butterfly and others will do. the main thing is that they are symmetrical. The perception of symmetry in modern children is not up to par. Symmetrical diagrams will be useful for students primary school 1 - 4 grades in mathematics lessons. For a change.
Complex graphic dictations
Guys preparatory group They quickly master simple graphic dictations and are not against complicating the drawings themselves. Therefore, we move on to more complex options with oblique lines (not 90 degrees, more or less). Not every high school student can handle complex graphic dictation. It’s all the more valuable when the preparators handle them.
Items with complex steps
How to draw a line from dictation where you want to connect the corners obliquely, diagonally? It's actually not that simple. This work is akin to orientation in a coordinate system, and this alone is very useful.
We will need a difficult step. Suppose we need to draw a line from point A to point B.
In the first case, instructions.
We put point A. From there we take a difficult step: 2 cells up, 2 cells to the right. Let's put the second point. Connect the starting and ending points with a straight line. The result was the required “diagonal” line. We call it that because when does the word “diagonal” appear in school? It’s even easier when the connected points are inside one cell (option 2 on the sample)
Third version of the instructions.
We take a difficult step: 4 cells up, 2 cells to the left.
From experience, it is more useful to practice complex steps with future schoolchildren individually, especially if the child confuses right/left. At first, dictation with complex steps is difficult for many children. It is necessary to advance slowly, gradually, so as not to turn them away from such a useful thing for schooling affairs.
Examples of complex graphic dictation
We present three options for graphic dictations with a complex step: crocodile, dog, chicken with a description of the dictation. Drawing on the cells of any other pattern is done in the same way.
How and why you need to draw by cells
Graphic dictations are used in several developmental methods at once. However, the benefits (and joy!) they bring are often underestimated. Meanwhile, this is one of the most useful exercises Attention, not only for preschoolers, but also for teenagers!
What is graphic dictation? Essentially, this is just drawing in cells. Listening to the instructions of the teacher or mother, the preschooler marks with a pencil the route dictated by her: two cells to the left, one down, one to the right, three up... Everything seems simple, but in fact this simple activity requires full concentration: you cannot be distracted for a second!
Herringbone
2 up, 6 left, 2 up, 3 right, 1 up, 2 left, 2 up, 3 right, 1up, 2 left, 2 up, 3 right, 1 up, 2 left, 2 up, 3 right, 1 up, 2 left, 2 up, 2 right, 1 up, 1 left, 1 up, 1 right, 1 up, 1 right, 1 down, 1 right, 1 down, 1 left, 1 down, 2 right, 2 down, 2 left , 1 down, 3 right, 2 down, 2 left, 1 down, 3 right, 2 down, 2 left, 1 down, 3 right, 2 down, 2 left, 1 down, 3 right, 2 down, 6 left, 2 down, 1 left.
Why can't you be distracted? Because (and this is the main advantage of graphic dictation) the result is a funny picture: a flower, a house, a man. As soon as the baby sees a drawing in front of him that has appeared as if by magic, he immediately demands: more!
A variation of graphic dictation for the little ones - the “complete the picture” exercise. Offer your child the left half of a symmetrical pattern, for example, our “herringbone”, and offer to complete the right side. To do this, you don’t even need to know the numbers and distinguish between “right” and “left”.
For elementary school students, the task can be dictated (if it is important to practice listening to information), or you can give written instructions, where the direction of pencil movement will be indicated by arrows - also a very useful exercise.
Tulip
1 ←, 8, 1←, 1, 1←, 6, 1→, 2↓, 1→, 2, 1→, 2↓, 1→, 2, 1→, 6↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 2↓, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1 ←, 1↓, 1 ←, 1↓, 1 ←, 1, 1 ←, 1, 1 ←, 5↓, 1←.
Of course, graphic dictation is useful not only for training attention. Fine motor skills also develop (than smoother line, the more beautiful the drawing will be), the baby gets acquainted with the concepts of “right”, “left”, “top”, “bottom”, and, of course, the skills of counting within ten are practiced. And all this in the form of an exciting game - wonderful, right?
Butterfly
4, 8, 2←, 6, 1→, 2, 6→, 1, 1←, 1,1←, 1,1←, 1, 3←, 2, 1←, 3, 1←, 4, 1→, 1↓, 4→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 3, 1←, 2, 1→, 1, 1←, 1, 1←, 1, 1←, 1, 1←, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1↓, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 1→, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1→, 2↓, 1←, 3↓, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 1→, 1, 4→, 1, 1→, 4↓, 1←, 3↓, 1←, 2↓, 3←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 6→, 2↓, 1→, 6↓, 2←, 4↓, 1←, 3, 1←, 1, 1←, 1, 1←, 1, 1←, 4↓, 1←, 4, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 1↓, 1←, 3↓, 1←.
When starting to dictate, do not forget to set the starting point - you can mark it on the sheet yourself. The resulting drawing can be used as a coloring book.
For elementary school graduates, the exercise can be complicated and diversified by giving out a sheet lined in the manner of a battlefield. In this case, the dictation will look like this: “A7-C12; B3-E2...” The drawing in this case can become infinitely more complex, consisting not only of vertical and horizontal, but also diagonal lines.
Don’t be surprised, but graphic dictations are also popular among teenagers. True, these are completely different dictations, using colored pencils and pens, but the result can be real paintings!
Finally, graphic drawing is a good meditative entertainment for adults, no worse than anti-stress coloring books, only much cheaper. You get funny pictures in the Minecraft style - maybe this is the hobby you'll like?
Prepared by Antonina Rybakova
Graphic dictations
(Drawing by cells)
Admission to school – important point in the life of a child and his parents. How better baby
will be prepared for school psychologically, emotionally and intellectually, the more confident he will feel, the easier his adaptation period in primary school will be. Graphic dictations or drawing in boxes for preschoolers are a good way to help parents and teachers systematically prepare their child for school and prevent such typical learning difficulties as underdeveloped spelling vigilance, restlessness and absent-mindedness. Regular classes with these graphic dictations develop the child’s voluntary attention, spatial imagination, fine motor skills
fingers, coordination of movements, perseverance.
Drawing by cells is a very exciting and useful activity for children. This is a playful way to develop a child’s spatial imagination, fine motor skills of the fingers, coordination of movements, and perseverance. Graphic dictations can be successfully used for children from 5 to 10 years old. By completing the tasks proposed in the graphic dictations below, the child will broaden his horizons, increase his vocabulary, learn to navigate a notebook, and get acquainted with
different ways
images of objects.
How to work with these graphic dictations:
Each dictation contains tasks for children aged 5–7 years.
Graphic dictation can be performed in two versions:
1. The child is offered a sample of a geometric design and asked to repeat exactly the same design in a checkered notebook.
The tasks are selected according to the principle “from simple to complex.” If you start studying these graphic dictations with your child, do the tasks with him in order: start with the very first simple dictations and gradually move on to more complex ones.
For classes, you need a squared notebook, a simple pencil and an eraser so that the child can always correct the wrong line. For children 5–6 years old, it is better to use a notebook with a large square (0.8 mm) so as not to strain their eyesight. Starting from graphic dictation No. 40, all drawings are designed for a regular school notebook (they will not fit in a large-squared notebook).
The following notations are used in the tasks: the number of cells being counted is indicated by a number, and the direction is indicated by an arrow. For example, the entry:
During classes, the child’s attitude and the friendly attitude of the adult are very important. Remember that classes for a child are not an exam, but a game. Help your child, make sure he doesn’t make mistakes. The result of the work should always satisfy the child, so that he wants to draw in the cells again and again.
Your task is to help the child in game form master the skills necessary for good study. Therefore, never scold him. If something doesn’t work out for him, just explain how to do it correctly. Praise your baby more often, and never compare with anyone.
The duration of one lesson with graphic dictations should not exceed 10 - 15 minutes for children 5 years old, 15 - 20 minutes for children 5 - 6 years old and 20 - 25 minutes for children 6 - 7 years old. But if the child gets carried away, do not stop him and interrupt the lesson.
Pay attention to the child’s sitting position during the dictation and how he holds the pencil. Show your child how to hold a pencil between the phalanges of the index, thumb and middle fingers. If your child doesn't count well, help him count the cells in his notebook.
Before each lesson, be sure to talk with your child about the fact that there are different directions and sides. Show him where is right, where is left, where is up, where is down. Pay attention to the baby that every person has a right and a left side. Explain that the hand with which he eats, draws and writes is his right hand, and the other hand is his left. For left-handers, on the contrary, it is necessary to explain to left-handers that there are people for whom the working hand is the right, and there are people for whom the working hand is the left.
After this, you can open the notebook and teach your child to navigate on a piece of paper. Show your child where the left edge of the notebook is, where the right edge is, where the top is, where the bottom is. It can be explained that previously there were slanted desks at school, which is why the top edge of the notebook was called the top edge, and the bottom edge was called the bottom edge.
Explain to your child that if you say “to the right,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the right). And if you say “to the left,” then you need to point the pencil “there” (to the left) and so on. Show your child how to count the cells.
You yourself will also need a pencil and an eraser in order to mark the lines you read. Dictations can be quite lengthy, and to avoid getting confused, put dots with a pencil opposite the lines you are reading. This will help you not to get confused. After the dictation, you can erase all the dots. Each lesson includes graphic dictation, discussion of images, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, riddles and finger gymnastics. Each stage of the lesson carries a semantic load. Activities with your child can be arranged in different sequences. You can first do finger exercises, read tongue twisters and tongue twisters, and then do a graphic dictation.
On the contrary, you can first do a graphic dictation, then tongue twisters and
finger gymnastics . It is better to make riddles at the end of the lesson. When the child draws a picture, talk about the fact that there are objects and their images. Images can be different: photographs, drawings, schematic images. A graphic dictation is a schematic representation of an object.
Talk about how each animal has its own distinctive characteristics.
The schematic image shows the distinctive features by which we can recognize an animal or object. Ask your child what the distinctive features of the animal he or she has drawn are. For example, a hare has long ears and a small tail, an elephant has a long trunk, an ostrich has a long neck, a small head and
long legs
, and so on.
Work with tongue twisters and tongue twisters in different ways:
Do finger exercises together so that the child sees and repeats the movements after you.
And now that you have become familiar with the basic rules for conducting a graphic dictation, you can begin classes.
Each dictation opens in a new window. To print it, right-click on the picture and select the “Print” line.
himself of different nature- construction sets, various electronic training books, puzzles, mosaics and much more. All of them help develop very important skills in the child - attention, perseverance, develop logic and thinking.
Today I want to offer you another one interesting view developmental activities - graphic dictation. I'm just in love with him. To be honest, it is no less interesting and exciting for me than my son to complete the task in order to see at the end what was encrypted in the picture.
Geographical dictation is drawing in cells. The path for drawing is prescribed and, if you complete the task clearly and correctly, you will end up with some kind of image (a dog, a car, etc.). The process itself is very exciting, since the picture is born before your eyes, you want to quickly complete the task in order to see what was encrypted, but you can’t rush, because in a hurry you can do something wrong and then the image will not work.
Graphic dictation is very useful for preschoolers. It helps the child develop very important skills - attentiveness, perseverance, coordination of movement, fine motor skills of the fingers.
How to conduct a lesson with graphic dictations
1. Print out the name of the picture you like, the dictation itself is written below (numbers with arrows). Just in case, let me explain the notation:
2 - means that you need to draw a line 2 cells down,
3
- means that you need to draw a line 3 cells up,
5
- draw a line 5 cells to the right,
2
- draw a line 2 cells to the left,
1
- diagonal down and to the right one square
2
- diagonal down and left two cells
2
- diagonal up and left by two cells
3
- diagonal up and to the right two cells
2. There is a point in the picture - this is the starting place, the task must be completed from there.
3. The lesson itself can be carried out in two ways - you dictate the child’s moves, or he does it on his own, looking at the path (my son, 5 years old, does it himself, so as not to get confused, he circles the task he has done, then he himself completes some more did in the picture).
Good luck to you!
Download graphic dictation
| House | Ship | Swan |
 |  |  |
| horse | Typewriter | Deer |
 |  |  |
