The color of urine is the main visual indicator of metabolism in the body. Urine in a healthy person has a light yellow tint; in some situations, urine staining dark yellow does not require any therapeutic action. But in most cases, bright yellow urine indicates the progression of various pathologies.

It is important to consult a specialist in time, undergo a series of tests to help make the correct diagnosis, and prescribe the necessary course of treatment. Taking any medications on your own is strictly prohibited. An important role is played by the presence accompanying symptoms, therefore, if you notice a change in the color of your urine, remember the presence of pain when urinating, other symptoms and impurities in the urine.

Healthy urine color

Normally, urine has a light yellow tint. The specific color depends on the amount of urochrome pigment (the final metabolite of red blood cell hemoglobin). The presence of diseases of the excretory system leads to disturbances in the filtration and selective function of the kidneys.

Impaired filtration in the glomeruli of the kidneys leads to the entry of certain elements into the urine, for example, red blood cells, proteins, leukocytes, and failures in reabsorption lead to the return of substances back into the blood. For this reason, the patient's urine is colored in a nonspecific shade. The color of a patient's urine is often used to make an approximate diagnosis.

Possible causes of bright yellow urine color

Urine can acquire a richly bright yellow color due to various physiological processes.

Do not be alarmed if you notice a change in the color of your urine; most cases of this state of affairs are the result of harmless physiological processes:

• eating special foods capable of “coloring” urine. Today there are few completely natural products left. Manufacturers add many different dyes and preservatives that can affect the color of human urine. This category includes brightly colored carbonated drinks, carrots, and various sweets. In this case, there is no need to worry; doctors recommend that you stop using this product in the future;
• dehydration. Is a fairly common cause of bright yellow urine. The process leads to active reabsorption of water, the concentration of urine increases, and against the background of this process the liquid itself acquires a rich yellow tint. The causes of dehydration are not only a lack of water or hot weather, the pathology is observed against the background of the flow intestinal infections, a number of other diseases, intense stress, severe toxicosis during pregnancy;
• taking special medications or vitamins. Most active components of medicinal products are not completely absorbed and are excreted in the urine, which can affect its color. These drugs include vitamins B, A, C, and nitrofuran. After complete cleansing the body from the components of the medicine, urine will again become its usual color.

Urine of a rich yellow color is found in patients with serious pathologies:

• . The formation of salts in the patient’s urinary system leads to the formation of sand, then its elements stick together, forming various sizes. Salts gradually absorb liquid, which affects the concentration of urine, including its color;
• gestosis. Is a serious complication in pregnant women later bearing a child. The complication is accompanied by constant high blood pressure, swelling of the limbs, face, and proteinuria. In such a situation, dehydration leads to a change in the patient’s usual urine color;
• liver diseases. Urobilin in increased quantities (observed when there is a malfunction of the liver) causes the patient’s urine to turn bright yellow;
• genetic or individual characteristics metabolism in the patient's body. Increased formation of salts leads to constant coloration of urine in a rich yellow shade. In the future, the pathology contributes to the formation of sand and stones, which can cause the development. Be vigilant, take good care of your health, and if you constantly have nonspecific urine color, visit a specialist.

On a note! The course of the pathology is accompanied by a developed clinical picture, not only by changing the color of the patient’s urine. To identify the provoking factor of poor health, consult a doctor and undergo an examination. Based on the results obtained, the doctor will make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the necessary therapeutic course.

Change in urine color during pregnancy

Urine during this period is the main indicator of the condition of the mother and unborn baby. A urine test is indicated at every visit to the doctor to clearly monitor its composition and color. The bright yellow color of urine in pregnant women is not always a sign of any disease. Many women are prescribed multivitamin complexes that can change the color of urine; taste preferences play an important role.

During pregnancy, the female body takes on the entire burden and is responsible for the viability of the fetus. Continuous operation excretory system can lead to its overload, the color of urine in a non-specific shade. Do not panic when a pathology is detected, but you cannot ignore the symptom either. Consult a doctor, the doctor will identify the root cause pathological condition, will prescribe treatment if necessary.

In men

Urine in men also changes color when taking certain medications or eating “coloring” foods. The color of urine of the stronger sex is affected by the abuse of fatty foods and alcoholic beverages. After gatherings with friends, it is recommended to increase the volume of fluid consumed and follow a diet for at least several days after a heavy load on the body.

If the color of urine changes during the course of the disease, the urine acquires a fetid odor, and sometimes the appearance of inclusions of blood, pus, and other impurities is noted. Often the cause of the pathological condition is prostatitis. The disease is getting younger every year, so take preventive measures and monitor the condition of the urinary system.

Go to the address and read about the treatment of coral kidney stones with folk remedies.

In children

Urine in children, as in adults, indicates the state of metabolic processes and the excretory system. After birth, the baby’s urine is almost transparent; the baby’s body needs time to independently perform vital operations. If the urine does not become normal in color, take your child to the doctor. Pathology may indicate the presence congenital diseases, lack of fluid intake.

There is no need to panic if your baby’s urine turns a bright color; it should also not be ignored. The child’s quality of life and its duration will depend on timely treatment.

Symptoms

Depending on the accompanying signs, you can first find out what led to the urine turning bright yellow:

• the absence of additional symptoms indicates physiological reasons for the development of the problem (a side effect after taking medications, eating special foods, alcohol abuse);
• the presence of blood in the urine, painful urination indicates inflammatory processes in the kidneys, excretory ducts, and urolithiasis. The walls of the urinary system organs can be damaged by pathogens or the movement of stones;
• chills, elevated temperature body, other signs of intoxication are formed against the background of an acute course of infectious processes (, and others).

Only a doctor can determine the exact cause of discomfort. Do not take any action on your own, otherwise it will be difficult to avoid worsening the situation.

An experienced doctor selects specific treatment tactics. Depending on the disease, the patient is prescribed specific medications, diet, and drinking regime is adjusted. In addition to drugs, Special attention pay attention to changing your diet. Most diseases of the excretory system are formed against the background of poor nutrition and lack of water in the body.

It is possible to prevent changes in urine color if certain rules are followed:

• watch your drinking regime. A healthy person is recommended to drink at least two liters of clean water per day. Intense sports, heat air requires adjustment of this dose (increase the amount of water by half a liter);
• Treat diseases of the genitourinary system in a timely manner. Most cases of changes in urine color are based on the background of pathologies in this area;
• During pregnancy, take only those medications prescribed by your doctor. Self-medication can lead to unwanted side effects side effects(nonspecific color of urine);
• Before eating brightly colored foods, be prepared for the possibility that your urine may change color. Don’t be alarmed in this situation; increase the amount of fluid per day, which will help quickly remove the “coloring” components of a drink or dish.

Follow preventive recommendations and visit a doctor if necessary. A change in the color of urine in any case indicates certain processes in the body; ignoring the sign can lead to a deterioration in well-being and the development of serious complications.

Find out more about what the color of urine means after watching the following video:

Color of human urine

We see this product of human activity several times a day throughout our lives. However, very few people think: why is urine yellow? After all, this is quite strange: we drink clear water, black coffee, white milk and multi-colored juices, but the result is always a yellow substance. Of course, its shades can vary - from dark to light, from thick to diluted. However, the overall tone is always maintained.

What is urine (urine)

Before wondering why urine is yellow, let's try to figure out what it is. It is formed in the kidneys and is a product of blood filtration. Essentially, urine is mostly water (95 percent to be exact). The main part of the liquid consists of various breakdown products of proteins and salts - this is what explains its characteristic smell. Proteins include substances such as urea, creatinine, indican, xanthine, hippuric acid and bile pigments. Salts include phosphates, sulfates and nitrates. And yet, why is urine yellow? It’s very simple - this color is the norm for a healthy person.

Color

Normally, the yellow tint of urine is caused by a complex of yellow pigments. According to doctors, it contains substances such as urobilin (also known as urochrome), urobilinogen, and uroerythrin. They are the ones “to blame” for the bright yellow color of your urine.

Causes

Yellow urine can be bright or dull. Mostly it depends on specific gravity(that is, how high the concentration of bile pigments per unit volume is). This is also influenced by factors such as a person’s lifestyle, the characteristics of his or her

organism and environmental situation.

Drink more fluids

Bright yellow urine indicates that a person is suffering from severe dehydration. In addition, this color can be caused by excessive alcohol consumption or intense physical activity. In order to normalize your condition, you need to drink as much fluid as possible. IN otherwise Chronic dehydration can cause kidney stones, which is a bigger problem than discolored urine.

Products

When answering the question of why urine is yellow, doctors usually ask the patient about his diet. Certain foods can affect the color of your urine. For example, coloring pigments found in sodas, juices, and powdered jelly can make urine different shades- from pale pink to dark red. Many people, when they see that the contents of the toilet bowl are colored red, panic and begin to think about internal bleeding, but in most cases there is no reason for this. Try to remember what foods you have eaten recently.

Were there any beets, carrots or rhubarb? If yes, then you have no reason to worry. After a few days, your urine will return to its normal yellow color. If you do not abuse such products, this may indicate the presence of an inflammatory process. In this case, you need to see a therapist as soon as possible and undergo a series of tests.

Metabolic products, including pigments that give it color, are excreted from the body with urine. The higher the content of metabolic products in a liquid, the richer its smell and the more intense the shade. The color of urine is also affected by the volume of excreted biomaterial; if there is a lot of it, the concentration decreases and the liquid becomes lighter.

Concept of normal colors

When laboratory diagnostics were still unavailable, healers and doctors paid attention to the peculiarities of urination or deviations in the properties of urine, even tasting it. An experienced doctor is able to determine the pathology by the color of the secreted fluid, but he will receive more accurate information after appropriate tests.

Normally, a healthy person should have yellow urine with variations in shades, from light, straw to rich yellow. This depends on the pigment content in it - urochrome. The color range of the secreted fluid can change throughout the day and an atypical color does not always mean pathology. Normal daily urine output for an adult is approximately 1.5 liters with natural fluctuations. If there is more urine, it becomes lighter, if less, it becomes darker.

Why did my urine turn yellower?

The reasons for the change in shade may be:

• dietary features;
• too active or, conversely, passive lifestyle;
• taking medications;
• manifestation of the disease.

A rich color appears when urination is delayed, if you wait too long. Darker urine is observed in the morning, so morning analysis is considered the most informative. The reasons for a brighter color can be very different, and you shouldn’t start panicking at the slightest deviation, but you also shouldn’t ignore these manifestations if they are constant.

Simple physiological factors

Food plays an important role in changing the organoleptic properties of urine. Bright yellow urine may be caused by eating foods that contain natural dyes. For example, carrots provoke the appearance of an orange color, beets - a red tint, rhubarb and sorrel - green. Alcohol, especially beer and red wines, also contributes.

Fasting leads to an increase in the concentration of dry matter. Excessive physical activity and dehydration lead to the same effect - urine becomes saturated, the amount of salts and other substances removed from the body increases. Dehydration is promoted by high ambient temperatures.

In order to prevent the development of kidney pathologies, athletes are recommended to periodically undergo rapid testing. It can be carried out independently, using diagnostic test systems with a special scale that determines the level of hydration. Normal level defined as “it yellow”.

Diseases affecting urine

There are a lot of diseases that change the color of urine; even a simple ARVI can be the cause. Let us highlight the main ones:

• any inflammation of the urinary system affects primarily the quality of urine excreted;
• pyelonephritis;
• cystitis and other diseases Bladder;
• acute (chronic) glomerulonephritis - the color of “meat slop” is characteristic here;
• urolithiasis disease;
• renal failure;
• diabetes and diseases of the pancreas (pancreatitis or cancer) – the cause of an increase in the specific gravity of urine, i.e. it becomes thicker and this answers the question why the urine is yellow in these cases;
• gastritis – changes the acidic state of not only the gastrointestinal tract.

Along with the kidneys, the liver plays an important role in urine formation:

• hepatitis is one of the reasons for increased excretion of bile pigments;
• obstructive jaundice - causes darkening of the urine, but the feces become pale and acholic. The same thing happens with cirrhosis.

Hepatitis-like symptoms, accompanied by diarrhea and changes in urine, are caused by a highly contagious rotavirus infection known as “stomach flu.”

Urinalysis for the “disease of aristocrats” - gout is of great diagnostic importance, because systemic damage to internal organs primarily affects the kidneys, and according to the analyzes we can talk about the development of chronic renal failure (CRF).

Due to prostatitis in men, the “urination pattern” changes - at night they become frequent, but diuresis may nevertheless be reduced.

In women, and especially in young girls, deep yellow urine with the presence of turbidity or white flakes may indicate the development of thrush, especially if there is a burning sensation in the genitals. During menstruation, urine also becomes more intensely colored. In addition to thrush, similar symptoms can occur with other urogenital infections.

Of the acute conditions that affect the color of urine, it should be noted appendicitis, after all, it is based on the test results that the surgeon determines do you need urgent operation.

Conditions characterized by a critically low level of immunity, such as HIV, require regular testing and close attention to them.

Maybe the medications are to blame?

One of the reasons for the discharge of bright yellow urine is the intake of B vitamins and vitamin C; complex drugs such as Berocca and Kvadevit are especially influential. Other pharmaceuticals also affect the properties of urine, for example, nitrofuran derivatives: furacillin, furazolidone, faramag, furadonin and furagin. Oddly enough, fish oil, rich in Omega-3, can also be included here.

Unnaturally bright yellow, unusually toxic urine is formed when taking the hepatoprotector Essliver-Forte.

Iron preparations can color the secreted fluid. The same phenomenon is observed when taking antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs.

Not knowing about the possibility of similar effects from taking medications, many parents begin to panic when they see orange urine in a child taking Faringosept for a sore throat. If a sore throat is caused by hemolytic streptococcus, you should carefully monitor changes in tests; it is even worth giving the child bicillin prophylaxis for rheumatism.

Choleretic drugs prescribed for cholecystitis, for example Allochol, give urine samples yellow, not natural color.

Remember, any tablet colored orange or red can change the color of your urine!

Changes in pregnant women

Certain physiological conditions in different periods life, for example: puberty, pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, affect the tests.

During pregnancy, a woman’s body is rebuilt quite quickly, and internal organs react to such stress differently. On early stages When a woman is severely tormented by toxicosis and constant vomiting, one should be wary of dehydration. In this case, urine may contain a cloudy sediment. Taking prenatal vitamins may cause lemon-colored urine.

Late gestosis is characterized by the appearance of edema, high blood pressure and proteinuria, which together threaten the development of eclampsia. Due to the fact that intracellular fluid is not excreted, but accumulates in the tissues, despite swelling and visible filling with water, the body suffers from dehydration, and the urine becomes dark yellow.

A pregnant woman must carefully monitor such changes at all times, because the slightest deviation can indicate a developing threat to the health of the child, and the result depends entirely on the timeliness of the response.

Features of children's urine

It should be noted that the color index changes with age. In infants, urine is almost colorless, in infants it is artificial feeding it acquires a yellowish tint, in adults it becomes golden. Shades of yellow in urine one year old child depend on the characteristics of complementary feeding. The analysis of a 2-3 year old child does not visually differ from the fluid samples of an adult.

Sometimes a completely healthy newborn baby experiences darkening of the urine, which is caused by increased levels of uric acid. This indicator normalizes over time.

Principles of diagnostics in urology

The most common and basic type of research is general analysis urine. It is he who provides initial data on the condition of the urinary tract. Even with a common cold, he is informative.

In case of kidney disease or suspicion of it, accompanied by lower back pain, urine tests according to Nechiporenko or Zimnitsky are prescribed. Any changes in daily diuresis must be recorded.

In case of liver pathologies, cholangitis and cholecystitis, it is necessary to determine the content of bile pigments in the urine.

Urogenital and other infections will be confirmed by highly sensitive PCR - polymerase chain reaction, which determines the DNA of the pathogen.

Instrumental and additional research methods for diagnosing pathologies of the urinary system include contrast cystoscopy, ultrasound, and, if necessary, biopsy.

If you notice visible deviations from the norm, if you have strange discharge and discomfort when urinating, lower back pain, changes in appetite, vomiting, you should contact your family doctor, local therapist or urologist, who will provide qualified assistance. Based on complaints and clinical symptoms, the doctor will prescribe necessary list tests, make the correct diagnosis, and, if necessary, prescribe medication.

At the first “alarm bells,” Canephron or Cyston are prescribed to sanitize the urinary tract and prevent stone formation. When an infection is diagnosed, ceftriaxone is most often prescribed.

Bringing the analysis back to normal

To normalize the color of your urine, first of all, review your diet and the amount of fluid you consume. Correct mode, in which you should drink at least 1.5–2 liters of water per day, will restore kidney function and help remove toxins. For this purpose, non-carbonated water, weak green tea, diluted fruit juices and fruit drinks.

Loads will also require corrections. Distribute them according to your capabilities, do not overdo it. It is useful to alternate intense workouts with walks. fresh air. On hot days, try to stay in the sun less and avoid overheating and dehydration.

Not every one of us can answer this question.

From early childhood, we simply get used to the fact that the main waste products in our body - blood and urine - have a certain color and smell, sobright yellow urine colordoesn't interest us at all.

However, this is the first criterion by which one can judge the quality of metabolism. From transparency and saturation The color of urine depends on the general state of health; they signal the slightest deviations and developing pathologies. It is for this reason that pregnant women undergo a general urine test every 2-3 weeks.

The special coloring pigments included in the liquid explainwhy is urine bright yellow color . The norm for a healthy person is urine ranging from straw to rich lemon shade. Its tone varies throughout the day, this is quite natural for the urinary system. For example, in the morning, immediately after waking up, you may notice thatdark yellow urineconcentrated colors . Main reasons darkening is due to the fact that a person has not drunk liquid or gone to the toilet for several hours, so a high concentration of coloring enzymes has accumulated in the urine overnight. The second portion will be much lighter, The color of daytime urine will turn amber.

Despite these fluctuations, the main thing is that the liquid remains generally yellow. shade . Otherwise, you should pay attention to the changes and visit a doctor - a therapist, a urologist - to exclude the possibility of a disease.

Why does urine color change?

Causes , according to which it is moderate yellow urine suddenly becomes bright, can be divided into physiological and pathological, with the former occurring much more often. This includes external factors, lifestyle, human behavioral characteristics. No need to panic if it's light before urine turned lemon color – better analyze your behavior, and within a couple of days you will see the liquid of the usual shade.

Bright yellow urineis formed under the influence of several factors:

• diet

Manufacturers like to add numerous dyes, preservatives and flavors to products. Natural ingredients our food is becoming less and less, and additives contain a huge amount of pigment substances. Colored soda, candy, strong coffee, alcoholic drinks - all this is guaranteed to color urinary liquid. Moreover, the less pure water a person drinks, the higher the concentration of coloring enzymes in urine will be. Among the natural products that change the color of urine, the leaders remain beets, carrots and any citrus fruits. It is worth paying attention to the amount of salt consumed: its excess leads to stagnation of urine and the accumulation of toxins.

• dehydration

If a person drinks rarely and little, a serious disruption occurs in the urinary system. “Wasted” substances are not excreted in urine, but accumulate in the body, causing intoxication and chronic dehydration. The body is desperately trying to find some useful liquid in its depths; the process of reabsorption begins in the kidneys - sucking water from the urinary fluid. Urine becomes very concentrated and acquires a bright color. Dehydration most often occurs in hot weather, during sports activities with high sweating, and during diarrhea and vomiting.

• influence of medications

Many drugs contain active components that are not completely absorbed by the body, but settle in the kidneys for some time, giving the urine an unusual color. These are antibiotics such as Furacilin, derivatives of nitrofuran. Laxatives, causing loose stools, always provoke a large loss of moisture. This also includes tableted medications in colored shells, colored syrups, and herbal infusions. But most of all, urine changes its signsafter taking vitaminsgroups A, B, C. This is noticed even by children who eat handfuls of Revit secretly from their mother. “Multitabs”, “Pikovit” and other multivitamin complexes instantly color urine. Brightyellow urinebegins to smell a characteristic vitamin smell.

• climate change

Leaving for hot regions is always stressful for the body. In unusual conditions, a person sweats more and loses a lot of fluid. While on vacation, it is very important to drink at least 2 liters of clean water a day - it will help “wash” all toxins from the body.

Bright yellow urine in pregnant and lactating women

During the period of bearing a child, a woman may experience urine of a rich lemon color. As a major marker of health, pregnant women's urine is regularly tested. The doctor will immediately see the slightest changes in the composition of urine and, if necessary, take action. The main danger in this situation is gestosis. It is accompanied by high blood pressure and severe swelling, which causes dehydration.

During breastfeeding, women often experience hormonal imbalance. The body experiences a colossal water load: the kidneys work intensively, a large volume of fluid is spent on milk production, which can lead to dehydration. If you don't drink enough, toxins are not eliminated from the body, and the urine takes on a characteristic color.

However, not in every case this is a sign of pathology. If a woman takes a course of vitamins or undergoes herbal medicine, there is no need to worry about changes.

What does the color of urine in a newborn mean?

In the first days after the birth of the baby, urine has practically no color. This is due to the fact that in amniotic fluid there is nothing that can color the liquid that the fetus receives and releases. After birth, the small organism begins to adapt to autonomous life and perform the functions of nutrition and urination. In the first week, the urine of a newborn acquires a certain color, becoming pale yellow. Moreover, normally its shade can change several times a day.

Parents should be wary ifbaby's urinebecame saturated yellow or bright lemon. Both options can signal malnutrition, infections, or the development of a disease.

Urine color in men and women: norms and deviations

If your urine takes on an unusual color, first you need to exclude all factors that could affect the color and evaluate your lifestyle - drinking regimen, taking medications, nutrition. If obvious reasons no, then you need to immediately contact a urologist, therapist and other specialized specialists. Beer-colored urine , dark yellow, lemon and even in some cases greenish indicates an inflammatory process in the organs of the urinary system: in the urethra, bladder, kidneys, ureters.

By the beer-colored urine, women can learn about bladder inflammation, infectious urethritis, pyelonephritis, as well as gynecological problems: vulvitis, endometriosis, colpitis. Urine brownish colors for men speaks of problems with the prostate gland, cystitis, urethritis, and kidney pathology. If foam bubbles are noticeable in the urine, this is a clear sign of this. that seminal fluid and prostate secretions penetrate into the urine. They have a very high content of protein and various impurities, which color the urine. high protein concentration. In this case, an urgent consultation with a urologist is required.

The bright yellow color of urine, especially against the background of pastiness, may indicate cirrhosis of the liver or liver failure, the presence of kidney stones, or chronic heart failure. Lemon urine is formed during infections of the gastrointestinal tract. During diarrhea and vomiting, the body loses a lot of fluid, and a huge amount of coloring toxins is concentrated in urine: urochrome, urozein, urobilin and others. Urobilin, a metabolic product of the enzyme bilirubin, changes the color of urine the most. It breaks down food in the small intestine and, under the influence of bacteria, is converted into urobilin. Interestingly, this substance colors urine after it comes out during urination. A sharp darkening of the liquid, literally before our eyes, occurs due to the interaction of urobilin and oxygen.

Remember: only a comprehensive study will help identify the real reason. Several urine tests, ultrasound of the kidneys and pelvic organs will be required. If darkening of urine is accompanied by diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, cramps and attacks of lower back pain - every minute counts!

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) used clinically to assess the degree of renal dysfunction and monitor the course of kidney disease. However, GFR does not provide any information about the causes of kidney disease. This is achieved through a urine test.

A general urine test begins with a visual assessment physical properties urine and, above all, the color of the urine.

Color is a vital indicator of many body conditions. In medicine, any manifestation of deviation from the norm is often reflected by a change in color. For example, with jaundice, yellowness of the proteins appears. Urine, as one of the body's biological fluids, is no exception to this rule. A change in the color of urine may be the most important indicator of early stage diseases.

The color of normal urine is light yellow. It depends on the presence in the urine of one of the final metabolites of hemoglobin of erythrocytes, the pigment urochrome. However, in kidney diseases with impaired filtration and selective, selective reabsorption, the pale color of urine changes. If filtration in the glomeruli of the kidneys is impaired, some elements, for example, erythrocytes, leukocytes, proteins, dyes, etc. enter the urine; if reabsorption is impaired, they do not return to the blood. Thus, components appear in the urine that are absent in normal urine. They change the color of urine often accurately reflects the level of kidney damage. Therefore, the color of urine is used to make an approximate diagnosis.

Deciphering the color of urine and possible diseases or conditions

Color interpretation
"light urine »

• Usually, light urine reflects sufficient water intake and is a sign of health. However, light urine occurs in diseases such as hepatitis or cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. In addition, light-colored urine is observed during pregnancy.
• White or colorless urine: If your urine is colorless, it means you are drinking too much fluid. Eating too much large quantity liquid can cause blood sodium levels to become critically low. Symptoms include confusion, headaches, nausea and bloating. In severe cases, it can lead to seizures, organ failure and even death.

Color interpretation
"bright yellow or neon yellow urine"

This urine color is caused by taking vitamin supplements, especially those containing water-soluble riboflavin or vitamin B2, which is naturally yellow in color. Excess riboflavin turns urine bright yellow. If vitamin intake exceeds the upper safe level, there is a potential risk of hypervitaminosis.

Color interpretation

"dark yellow or golden-colored urine"

Too dark a color - this is either very concentrated urine or heavy dehydration. Dark yellow or golden colored urine may be an indication that you are taking laxatives or supplements that contain B complex vitamins.

Explanation of “dark yellow urine color”

This urine color may reflect the following conditions:

• Dehydration

Dark yellow urine is often a sign that the patient is dehydrated or is not drinking enough water. One of the reasons for dehydration: due to intense sweating without replenishing lost water. Other important factors that lead to dehydration are excessive vomiting and diarrhea. Due to dehydration, the concentration of nitrogenous waste in the urine increases, the urine becomes concentrated, and the color of the urine changes from colorless to dark yellow. The high concentration of nitrogen-containing waste in the urine, along with a change in color, gives the urine a specific odor.

• Medicines and nutritional supplements

Taking B vitamins and supplements can cause urine to appear dark or bright yellow. All B vitamins are water-soluble; if they are taken in doses exceeding the body's needs, then their excess is excreted in the urine. Medicines such as quinine and quinine derivatives, rifampicin, warfarin, nitrofurantoin, and sulfamethoxazole may cause urine to appear dark yellow or orange in color, and urine after recent use of laxatives may appear dark color.

• Eating certain foods

Another common cause of temporary changes in urine color is eating certain foods. For example, if you eat asparagus, your urine may be dark yellow or greenish in color. Excessive consumption of foods rich in B vitamins, carotene and vitamin C also changes the color of urine from bright to dark yellow. On the other hand, eating large amounts of beets turns the urine reddish-purple, and eating blackberries and rhubarb gives the urine a red tint.

• Diseases and disorders

Persistent yellow coloration of urine can be caused by jaundice. Along with urine, with jaundice the skin and sclera of the eyes are colored yellow. The color change in jaundice is caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood, which is a metabolite of old red blood cells. Normally, the liver removes excess bilirubin from the blood and it is excreted in bile. The process of bilirubin metabolism is disrupted by excessive destruction of red blood cells or liver diseases caused by infections or the action of certain medications.

Impaired flow of bile in the bile duct system can also cause jaundice by interfering with the flow of bile into the bile duct system. digestive system. Liver infections such as hepatitis A, B and C, infectious mononucleosis and leptospirosis, paracetamol overdose, liver cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, liver cancer can cause jaundice by damaging liver cells. Diseases such as malaria, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, Gilbert's syndrome, etc. can also cause jaundice due to increased breakdown of red blood cells. Conditions that obstruct the flow of bile, thereby causing jaundice, include the formation of stones in the gallbladder, pancreatitis, cholangitis and cancer of the bile ducts and pancreas.

Hemolytic anemia is another factor that can cause urine to change color to dark brown or yellow. In hemolytic anemia, hemolysis of red blood cells is increased, which is not fully compensated by their maturation in the bone marrow. The number of red blood cells in the blood decreases, and increased breakdown of red blood cells increases the level of bilirubin in the blood and causes jaundice.

In addition to being dark yellow, urine may be orange, brown, or greenish in other body conditions.

Decoding
"Urine is reddish-brown in color »

Reddish-brown color of urine is observed with hepatitis and melanoma, as well as with copper poisoning.

Decoding
"Smoky (silver) brown
and red or pink urine."

This color of urine comes from eating foods such as beets, beans, and blackberries. Please note that red or pink urine can be a sign of serious illness.

Decoding the blue and green colors of urine

In blue or green color urine becomes colored when you have recently eaten colored foods or taken methylene blue medication. Blue or green urine is caused by bacterial urinary tract infections or taking amitriptyline, indomethacin and doxorubicin.

Blue urine is a symptom of a bacterial infection and a hereditary disease such as familial hypercalcemia.

Analysis transcript
"Curdy and dark urine with an unpleasant odor"

This type of urine usually indicates a urinary tract infection.

Decoding the color of urine
"Red or pink urine"

This test result reflects the presence of blood in the urine, which is usually associated with an infection caused by kidney stones.

Associated symptoms of urine color change

• If dark yellow urine is associated with a urinary tract infection, it may have a strong and unpleasant odor.
• A person experiences a frequent urge to urinate and a burning sensation during urination.
• In some people, the infection is accompanied by fever and abdominal pain.

Before drawing any conclusions regarding the reasons for the change in urine color, it is very important to pay attention to food recently consumed, as well as the amount of liquid consumed. The fact is that temporary abnormal coloration of urine is usually caused by eating certain foods and dehydration. Water plays a key role in removing impurities from the body through urine. But if your dark yellow urine for a significant period of time, With unpleasant smell, then be sure to consult a doctor.

To diagnose a disease The doctor must properly analyze the complaints, symptoms and medical history. Order blood tests, liver function tests, urinalysis, and ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder, which are required to identify specific causes of dark yellow urine. The results of these diagnostic tests will, in turn, determine the course of treatment.

Rainbow of urine!