Latin name: Oxytocin
ATX code:Н01ВВ02
Active substance: Oxytocin
Manufacturer: Microgen, Russia
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy: On prescription
The drug Oxytocin is synthetic hormonal agent, which is used to increase the tone of the uterus and activate the contractile function of the myometrium, which, in turn, stimulates labor.
Indications for use
Oxytocin is injected for the purpose of:
- Stimulation of labor in the first and second stages of labor when contractions are not strong enough
- Labor induction during delay intrauterine development in a child with severe gestosis, premature rupture of membranes and rupture amniotic fluid, fetal fading, very post-term pregnancy (more than 42 weeks), Rh conflict
- Prevention, as well as treatment of bleeding that occurs after childbirth, surgery caesarean section and also after an abortion
- Carrying out additional therapeutic therapy for a failed abortion or after an incomplete miscarriage.
Compound
A 1 ml ampoule contains the active component – oxytocin, along with a number of additional substances:
- Acetic acid
- Ethanol
- Chlorobutanol hemihydrate
- Purified water.
Medicinal properties
The INN (international nonproprietary name) of the drug coincides with the name of the hormone that is produced in the human body and promotes the normal course of childbirth and stimulates uterine contractions during the postpartum period. In Latin, the name of the medicine sounds exactly the same as in Russian.
If we consider the pharmacological groups of drugs, then oxytocin belongs to the hormones of the hypothalamus (pharmaceutical group of gonadotropins, antagonists and uterotonics).
A hormone of protein nature, the mechanism of action is based on stimulating contraction of the muscular structure of the uterus in the last trimester of pregnancy until the onset of childbirth. It corrects behavioral reactions that are directly related to pregnancy and childbirth.
Today, oxytocin is produced synthetically; the hormone analogue does not contain any impurities, so its effect on the myometrium is selective. Since the synthetic hormone is free of beks, it is indicated for intravenous use and does not have an anaphylactic effect. The action of oxytocin is associated with special mechanisms of influence on myometrial tissue, due to which the permeability of cell membranes for K ions increases, along with this their excitability increases. Both the frequency of uterine contractions and their duration increase significantly.
The pharmacological group of the drug explains its effect on secretion breast milk. Under the influence of the hormone, the production of prolactin significantly increases, and the contraction of cells located in the mammary glands increases. The drug has a weak antidiuretic effect. However, it does not affect blood pressure.
Pharmacokinetics
After injection into a vein, the medicine begins to act instantly, the effect of use gradually decreases over 60 minutes. When administered into a muscle, the therapeutic effect can be assessed after 3-5 minutes, it persists for 0.5-3 hours. It is worth noting that the effect of the drug on the body is individual, this is explained by the density of the so-called oxytocin receptors of muscle cells located in uterus.
Quite quickly, the solution enters the general circulation due to absorption through the mucous membranes of the nasal passages. The connection with albumin is at the level of 30%. The half-life is about 1-6 minutes, it decreases in late pregnancy and lactation. Metabolic processes occur in the cells of the liver and kidneys. Metabolites are excreted by the renal system.
Release form
Price from 23 to 76 rubles.
The injection solution is transparent and completely colorless without any inclusions or impurities, available in 1 ml ampoules. In a cardboard box, the ampoules are placed in a cell package (5 pcs.) along with instructions.
Oxytocin: instructions for use
Using oxytocin (injections) to stimulate insufficient labor activity in the 3rd trimester it is possible only as prescribed by a doctor. Oxytocin is administered intramuscularly using a dose of 0.5-2 IU. Each injection of the drug is administered at intervals of 30-60 minutes. If drip administration of a hormonal drug is required, in this case 1 ml of solution should be diluted with 500 ml of a 5% glucose solution. Before use, it is necessary to exclude hypersensitivity to synthetic oxytocin. On the first day, the hormone is administered at a low rate - 5-8 drops. in one minute, depending on the observed effect, the speed can be increased to 40 drops. in a minute.
To prevent uterine bleeding in the postpartum period, during the first day, 5-8 IU of oxytocin is prescribed, it is injected into the muscle three times a day in a course of 3 days. If there are no side effects, the administration of the drug on day 3 should be final. It is worth checking with your doctor exactly how many injections are needed in a particular case. During a caesarean section, injections are placed inside the uterine wall, the dosage is 3-5 IU, the procedure is carried out immediately after the baby is removed.
At the same time, hormonal creams and ointments can be prescribed. How to use hormonal ointment should be checked with your doctor.
Oxytocin for abortion
If you use Oxytocin during pregnancy, especially in the early stages, cramping pain begins, resulting in a miscarriage. It is worth noting that medical termination of pregnancy must take place under strict medical supervision. The decision about whether oxytocin therapy can be started is made taking into account the patient’s medical history, to accurately predict how quickly the drug will act to terminate a pregnancy. early stages impossible.
It is possible to use oxytocin from 14 weeks. for the purpose of carrying out induced abortions, termination at such periods is carried out according to medical indications(fetal freezing, severe fetal malformations). The drug is used by injecting a solution into the cervix after taking a Mifepristone or Misoprostol tablet, if the medical abortion was accompanied by complications (incomplete removal of the fertilized egg) or in case of an incomplete spontaneous miscarriage. Often, infusion is administered into a vein. But even the use of a standard dosage of the drug is fraught with uterine hypertonicity. If injections were given, following the instructions for the drug, hypertensive contraction of the uterus is possible due to the development of excessive susceptibility to oxytocin.
The dosage of the drug is selected by the doctor; the amount of oxytocin administered affects the intensity of uterine contractions, as well as their duration. During an abortion, it is important to control the woman’s condition; the abortive action should also take into account the negative consequences for the female body; the risk of hormonal imbalance is high. The decision to terminate a pregnancy or not must be balanced, because the woman’s health depends on it.
Oxytocin after medical abortion promotes better uterine contraction and rapid recovery its size (as described in the instructions for use). After medical termination of pregnancy and the use of oxytocin, you should start taking antibiotics to prevent the development of infection in the uterus. Even if there are no signs of infection after an abortion, it is still worthwhile to carry out antibacterial therapy; the dosage is calculated individually.
Contraindications
- Increased uterine tone that did not develop during delivery
- The presence of serious contraindications for natural childbirth
- Emergency cases that require immediate surgical intervention
- Development of arterial hypertension
- Severe form of gestosis
- Face presentation or when squeezing the baby
- Strong stretching of the uterine walls
- Serious ailments of the cardiovascular system
- Impaired functioning of the renal system.
There are no other contraindications for use.
Precautionary measures
Terminating a pregnancy at home is strictly prohibited. If a woman injects the drug on her own, she should seek help from an antenatal clinic as soon as possible. home use hormonal drugs for several days can lead to irreparable consequences. When terminating a pregnancy at home, taking pills and giving injections even with slight uterine bleeding is fraught with complications, including death.
Before having an abortion, you should consult your doctor and find out about the possible consequences for your own health.
Patients suffering from disorders of the cardiovascular system should use the drug with caution.
In case of uterine bleeding that occurs after the injection, you should urgently consult a doctor.
Cross-drug interactions
When using Oxystocin solution and drugs used for inhalation anesthesia, the therapeutic effect of the synthetic hormone may decrease and the risk of arterial hypotension increases.
When used with a hormonal drug, prostaglandins, drotaverine hydrochloride and other antispasmodics, suppression of the effect of oxytocin is observed.
Side effects
Before injecting oxytocin, you should familiarize yourself with what reactions the drug can provoke:
- Severe nausea and vomiting
- Manifestations of allergies
- Sharp jump in blood pressure
- Urinary retention
- Decrease in fibrinogen in a baby
- Development of arrhythmia or bradycardia
- Excessive stimulation of labor, which leads to placental abruption, which increases the likelihood of uterine rupture
- The occurrence of neonatal jaundice
- Discovery of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Overdose
In case of overdose, excessive contraction of the uterus is observed, which leads to bleeding and uterine rupture.
If signs of hyperstimulation on oxytocin are observed, it is worth stopping its administration, reducing fluid intake, and ensuring the intake of diuretics and hypertonic solutions. There is no other treatment for overdose.
Storage conditions and shelf life
Ampoules with the solution should be stored at a temperature of 4-15 C for 2 years.
Analogues
Grindeks, Latvia
Price from 650 to 802 rub.
Oxytocin tablets are used for the same purposes as the solution. The use of the drug is recommended to stimulate the contractile function of the uterus and during the early postpartum period to stimulate lactation. The tablet contains a powder that is difficult to dissolve in liquid and is resistant to the action of enzymes that destroy oxytocin.
Pros:
- Convenient dosage regimen
- Quick effect of use
- There is no need to store tablets at low temperatures.
Minuses:
- High price
- Requires a prescription to purchase
- Contraindicated if there is a risk of uterine rupture.
In the article we discuss termination of pregnancy in the early stages. We tell you how termination of pregnancy occurs at home and in hospital, what are the consequences of this procedure. You will find out reviews of women who used abortion pills, as well as the cost of the drugs.
Early pregnancy termination methods
2 lines on a test do not always bring happiness to a girl. That's why many women are looking for various ways termination of pregnancy in the early stages. This may be due to reluctance to become a mother or the danger of pregnancy for women's health. Every woman who decides to terminate a pregnancy has her own compelling reasons for doing so.
In the early stages, there are several methods of terminating pregnancy:
- surgical.
The medicinal method involves taking drugs that cause expulsion of the fetus. This technique is used for up to 6 weeks and strictly under the supervision of a doctor.
The surgical method consists of vacuum aspiration or curettage. Vacuum abortion is performed up to 5 weeks under anesthesia. Using special equipment in the form of a vacuum pump, the contents of the uterus are sucked out.
If the gestation period is minimal, then a mini-abortion can be performed in antenatal clinic using local anesthetic injections. It is extremely rare that bleeding occurs after vacuum aspiration, and the duration bloody discharge is no more than a week.
The most popular method of ending a pregnancy up to 3 months is curettage. Due to pain, the operation is performed under general anesthesia. The procedure is an artificial dilation of the uterine cervix followed by curettage of the organ cavity using a curette.
The duration of curettage is approximately 20 minutes. After this, the patient is under the supervision of a specialist for two to four hours. This procedure is the most traumatic. Possible consequences after it:
- damage to the cervix;
- the appearance of endometritis;
- infertility;
- development of inflammatory processes;
- endometrial injury;
- the appearance of a large wound in the area of the internal uterine cavity.
Below we will talk in detail about which tablets will help get rid of unwanted pregnancy.
Termination of pregnancy in the early stages with pills
Elimination of pregnancy with the help of pills is a medicinal method. Can this method be called safe for women's health? Yes, if the procedure is carried out under the supervision of a specialist. But taking medications on your own can cause irreparable damage to your health, ranging from severe bleeding to infertility or death.
Possible consequences of medical abortion also include:
- not rejection of the embryo - in such a case the pregnancy cannot be maintained; curettage is used to eliminate the fetus;
- severe bleeding that requires surgery;
- unbearable pain, decreased or increased blood pressure, nausea, deterioration of health.
The only advantage of this method of eliminating unwanted pregnancy is the absence of surgical intervention. As a result, injury to the uterus and its cervix, as well as possible infection, are impossible.
If you want termination of pregnancy to occur with minimal negative consequences, pay attention to the medications that we will discuss below.
Gynepristone
This is a steroid and antigestagenic medication that is most effective when used at 3 weeks of pregnancy, since at this time the result is maximum. The action of the tablet is aimed at preventing the functioning of progesterone receptors and disrupting its regulation in the case of attachment of a fertilized egg. After taking the pill, mucus begins to collect in the cervix, which forms an unfavorable environment for the continuation of pregnancy.
The cost of the medicine ranges from 350 to 500 rubles.
Miropriston
This drug is used for up to 6 weeks. It is used together with Mirolut. Miropriston neutralizes progesterone, which provokes detachment of the ovum. Mirolut stimulates uterine contractions, causing the embryo to emerge from the uterine cavity.
The drug has contraindications that you should definitely read.
The cost of the medicine is from 1900 rubles.
Mifepristone
Like other drugs, Mifepristone works by blocking the production of progesterone. The tablets do not contain hormones.
It is best to take the drug for a period of 4-6 weeks. For medical reasons, the medicine can be used for up to 22 weeks inclusive, using additional methods to activate uterine contractions.
In some cases, after taking the drug, incomplete abortion is observed. Therefore, after a medical abortion, monitoring with ultrasound is necessary.
Cost - from 5000 rubles.
Escapelle
The active substance of the drug is levonorgestrel. The effect of the medication depends on the time of administration. For this reason, gynecologists distinguish 2 types of its work:
- Use in the first phase menstrual cycle, which allows you to delay ovulation. In this case, the possibility of an unplanned pregnancy decreases from 1 to 3 percent.
- Use in the second phase of the menstrual cycle caused by unprotected sexual intercourse. In this case, levonorgestrel blocks the production of estrogen, causing a decrease in the ability of the endometrium of the uterine cavity to accept a fertilized egg. Possible consequence Taking the medicine at this time is an early onset of menstruation.
According to studies, about 2 percent of women were able to become pregnant after taking Escapel. And this makes this medication a very effective means of preventing unwanted conception.
The price of the drug ranges from 350 to 600 rubles.
Postinor
Postinor is a medication used for emergency contraception. The effect of its use occurs only if the pill was taken within three days after unprotected sex. However, gynecologists do not recommend using this medicine on your own.
The product contains levonergestrol, corn and potato starches, and magnesium stearate.
Experts do not recommend using Postinor frequently, as it causes severe harm to the female hormonal system.
The cost of the medicine ranges from 300 to 500 rubles.
Other tablets
In some cases, the following drugs are used to eliminate unwanted pregnancy:
- Mifeprex - used for pharmacological abortion for up to 42 days of delay. The product is highly effective, and practically does not cause any harm to women's health.
- Pencrofton - the drug contains mifepristone. Recommended as emergency remedy for abortion in childless women. In rare cases, gynecological complications or infertility occur after taking the medication.
- Mifegin is a French-made drug that can be used for up to 6 weeks. Highly effective.
- Mifolian - after taking it, rejection of the tissues of the uterine cavity occurs along with the embryo.
Injections to terminate pregnancy in the early stages
If you do not want to go through a surgical or medical abortion procedure, you can try to get rid of the embryo through injections. To carry out the abortion procedure, an injection of calcium chloride is used. Under its influence, fetal death occurs, followed by miscarriage.
If there are no signs of miscarriage within 2 days after the injection, the specialist will prescribe tests and an ultrasound. Based on them, the doctor makes a decision about curettage, in otherwise a strong inflammatory process is likely to occur, leading to sepsis or death.
Some women believe that they can get rid of an unwanted pregnancy with a mixed injection of ascorbic acid and No-shpa. The effectiveness of this method is only 10 percent.
The safest injection among all drugs is the use of oxytocin. It causes contractions that lead to miscarriage. However, in the early stages of pregnancy, oxytocin is used only in emergency cases if there are contraindications to surgical abortion.
Early pregnancy termination at home
Traditional medicine offers a large number of remedies to eliminate pregnancy at home. Remember, you can use them only after your doctor’s permission! In addition, after using folk remedies, there is a risk of deterioration in health, intense bleeding or partial abortion.
Below we will talk about the most popular means traditional medicine to terminate an early pregnancy. But remember, any means for terminating a pregnancy at home for a period of 3-4 weeks cannot be safe for your health. Even if you are up to 3 weeks pregnant or more than a month, it is better to seek help from a specialist.
Iodine
Many women seek to terminate a pregnancy with iodine and take great risks, especially if they use pure iodine. After all, this alcohol solution has a toxic effect on the entire body.
A deep burn is likely after taking pure iodine. internal organs causing severe harm 
thyroid gland and powerful changes in hormonal levels. And all this is possible after consuming just 3 g of the product.
But at the same time, there is an opinion that a composition of iodine and milk will help eliminate an unwanted pregnancy. This mixture does not cause such a toxic effect as pure iodine, and after application, the death of the embryo, in most cases, still occurs. But the dead embryo remains in the uterus, since it does not contract. In the future, this leads to the development of sepsis and hospital treatment.
In addition, the milk-iodine composition does not always help get rid of the fetus, and if a child is born, it develops severe pathologies.
Sometimes, after consuming iodine, bleeding may occur, which no physician can cope with. And this is fraught with the death of a woman.
Hot bath
This method of ending an unwanted pregnancy was quite popular until the advent of medical and surgical abortions. Although today many continue to practice it, but less so, since after it some women feel worse.
Why do girls choose this method of abortion? The answer is obvious - accessibility and free of charge, except for possible problems with health. This technique is practiced only until the 3rd week of pregnancy, since after this period the embryo is developed enough for a miscarriage to occur due to this method.
Using a hot bath after 3 weeks of pregnancy carries a number of negative consequences for woman. Therefore, it is better to practice it immediately after pregnancy is confirmed.
Using a hot bath causes the blood vessels in the uterus and pelvis to dilate. These vessels put pressure on the vessels that are located next to the uterus, causing them to burst.
The embryo present in the uterus comes out of it along with the blood. Vaginal bleeding - main sign that a miscarriage has occurred.
What should I do for a miscarriage? It is enough to stay in hot water for 3-4 hours, and it is important that your hips are in hot water. If the procedure takes place in the bathroom, then you need to constantly add hot water. One procedure is enough to terminate the pregnancy, since a repeat procedure may result in severe bleeding.
Candles for abortion in the early stages
Sometimes, to eliminate unwanted pregnancy, women use vaginal or rectal suppositories, which are contraindicated during pregnancy. Such drugs cause contraction of the uterus and, as a result, miscarriage.
Using them according to instructions can cause uterine bleeding. But this doesn't always happen.
Herbs for early abortion
Herbs - another product that can cause termination of pregnancy. Below we will talk about the main herbs that are used for miscarriage.
Bay leaf
Bay leaf is one of the herbs that is not recommended for use by expectant mothers due to the high risk of miscarriage. Bay leaf is an abortifacient product that can terminate a pregnancy.
When consuming a decoction of bay leaves in early pregnancy, there is a risk of bleeding. Together with blood discharge, an embryo leaves the female body. This method can be used up to 8 weeks of gestation. The effectiveness of using this method largely depends on the personal characteristics of the body, but it is possible to eliminate pregnancy with laurel.
The sooner bay decoction is taken, the higher the likelihood of miscarriage. To prepare the decoction, pour 100 g of bay leaves with a glass of hot water. After this, boil the composition for a quarter of an hour. Cool and strain through cheesecloth.
Drink the strained decoction before bed. Wrap bay leaves in gauze to form a tampon, then insert it into your vagina overnight.
After the procedure, a miscarriage should occur within 1-2 days. At this time, pain in the lower abdomen and bleeding may occur. If after 2 days there are no changes, the method turned out to be useless.
Tansy
The use of a decoction of tansy flowers provokes active uterine contractions with subsequent expulsion of the fertilized egg. But remember, this product is very toxic, it can cause intoxication, liver failure, convulsions and vomiting. In addition, with severe bleeding from the uterus, the likelihood of death is high.
Oregano
The use of oregano affects the production of estrogens, which support and maintain pregnancy. The use of this herb disrupts the normal female hormonal background, because of this, the pregnancy fails and the growth of the embryo stops. This later leads to miscarriage.
Reviews
Below are reviews from women about medical abortion and the use of folk remedies.
Elena, 29 years old
When I found out that I was pregnant, I was in a stupor for some time. I already have three children, and my husband and I did not plan to add to the family. I went to see a gynecologist and chose medical termination of pregnancy. The doctor prescribed me Mifepristone, there were no side effects after it.
Alena, 33 years old
I want to tell all women who practice folk remedies to eliminate pregnancy. Girls, take care of yourselves! It's better to take a pill or go for an abortion, but don't drink bay tea or sit in a hot bath! After using these medications, I started bleeding from the uterus and barely survived!
Your health is in your hands! Do not self-medicate. If you become pregnant, think twice; you may want to keep the baby. If not, then seek help from qualified specialists to terminate the pregnancy.
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See you in the next article!
Injections to terminate pregnancy exist, but are used extremely rarely in practical medicine. Their independent use is strictly prohibited. Termination of pregnancy by any method, including injections, is possible only under the supervision of a doctor.
Methods of termination of pregnancy
If the pregnancy is very short, it is terminated using a vacuum abortion. This is the so-called one, carried out in a hospital and has a number of contraindications.
Pregnancy from 8 weeks to 11 weeks is interrupted by curettage - a surgical abortion, which is also done in medical institution. There is a medical abortion using a complex of special tablets. All changes that occur in a woman’s body are controlled by a doctor. Its side effect is bleeding, which is eliminated by curettage.
« Hot prick» - intravenous administration of calcium chloride. This method was used if a woman had contraindications to direct surgery.
Injections for abortion
At present, injections to terminate pregnancy are practically not prescribed, since they are very dangerous. Calcium chloride interrupts the vital activity of the fetus, but does not remove it from the female body. If a miscarriage does not occur within 24 hours after the injection, the woman is still forced to undergo curettage. Improper administration of calcium chloride leads to tissue necrosis. A “hot” injection does not always guarantee termination of pregnancy. Its use can lead to serious health problems for the mother and disability for the child. Not knowing all the undesirable consequences of using a “hot” injection, some women try to administer it themselves under conditions.
There is an opinion that to terminate a pregnancy it is necessary to administer ascorbic acid and no-shpa intravenously. In fact, this is extremely dangerous: miscarriage occurs in 10 out of 100 women, and pathological changes are found in every fetus. It depends on the individual perception of the cocktail of these drugs. Large doses of ascorbic acid slow down physiological development fetus
Wash your hands thoroughly and wear medical gloves. Then draw the required amount of medicine into the syringe. At the same time, if you pierced a rubber stopper with a needle, it is better to change it. After filling the syringe, shake it and squeeze out some of the medicine. This is necessary so that no air bubbles get into the liquid during injection.
Call an assistant who should fix it in the position you need. For intramuscular injections, this is lying on. Select the injection site and wipe it with cotton wool and alcohol. The injection into the buttock should be made in the upper outer lobe. This place does not contain nerves and blood vessels, which are especially dangerous to touch. Carefully insert the needle at a right angle to the buttock. If the child is conscious, try to distract him, for example, by watching a cartoon.
After inserting the syringe, pull out the syringe plunger slightly. If at the same time the medicine begins to flow, you have hit an artery and the location should be changed. If there is no blood, administer the medicine. Do this smoothly, and the child should not make sudden movements to your assistant. After administering the required dose, remove the needle and treat the wound with alcohol. You can apply cotton wool to it if you are afraid of bleeding. After the injection, calm the child if he cries.
Sources:
- how to give an injection to a child under one year old
Hot injection got its name due to the fact that during the procedure the patient feels a strong burning sensation or spreading heat. Injections of calcium and magnesium preparations give a similar effect.
Why do “hot injections” of calcium supplements?
“Hot injection” is prescribed to replenish the lack of calcium in the body, as well as to treat allergic, skin, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. There are three injections: quick injection, intravenous drip, intracardiac injection (it is injected into the space of the ventricle).
Injections help with a deficiency of this microelement in the body, as well as during periods when a person requires an increased amount of calcium (during lactation,). These can be prescribed when its content in the diet is low or if the absorption of this microelement in the intestines is impaired. “Hot injection” is used to eliminate symptoms of intestinal, biliary, renal problems, to relieve inflammatory processes, to reduce the permeability of blood vessels, and allergies. This injection is also included in the complex of resuscitation measures as an anti-shock medicine.
Injections of calcium preparations are prescribed with caution for renal, respiratory and heart failure, as part of a course of glycoside preparations. “Hot” drinks are contraindicated if there is a significant excess of calcium in the body or with stable ventricular fibrillation. If the drug is injected into an inappropriate blood vessel, it may appear chemical burn mucous membranes of the inner walls of veins. Subsequently, thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the vein wall) may develop in this place. In rare cases, if calcium chloride accidentally gets under the skin, necrosis of the subcutaneous fatty tissue forms, and an inflammatory process with suppuration begins. Injecting the drug too quickly can cause the ventricles to contract faster, a condition that can lead to cardiac arrest.
“Hot injection” of magnesia
A “hot injection” (of magnesium sulfate) is performed intramuscularly. Such injections are usually prescribed to women to reduce the tone of the uterus during or premature pregnancy. Magnesia injections are given into large clusters of muscles (buttocks). Magnesium sulfate must be administered very slowly, preventing it from stagnating in the muscle tissue. You should also make sure that the syringe needle does not hit small arteries or blood vessels.
A “hot injection” will be easier to tolerate if the patient remains in a horizontal position for some time after the procedure. Sometimes an injection of magnesium requires pain relief, while novocaine is injected at the same time. Injections of magnesium sulfate are contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components, with increased magnesium content in the body, with depression of the respiratory center, low blood pressure, severe bradycardia, renal failure, AV block, as well as during the prenatal period.
Instructions
When the fetal development period is very short, it is much easier to terminate the pregnancy. In addition, this procedure results in minimal complications. As a rule, a vacuum termination of pregnancy is performed at 4-6 weeks. The essence of this method is that a woman under anesthesia undergoes cleansing of the uterus. This is done using a special device – a vacuum. Its advantage is that during the procedure there is no mechanical impact on the walls of the uterus and endometrium. But before it, a preliminary examination using ultrasound is required. After all, the doctor must be sure that the patient does not have ectopic pregnancy. After all, then it will no longer be possible to use such a technique.
The current method of abortion is the use of special medications. They act on the uterus and lead to strong contractions in order to provoke the release of the fetus from it. Such drugs are effective if no more than 9 weeks have passed since the fertilization of the egg. It is important to know that this method has a number of contraindications. Thus, termination of pregnancy is not recommended for those women who have any diseases endocrine system, liver, kidneys, heart or nervous system.
A woman is not always detected pregnant early
Termination of pregnancy by injection is a non-surgical abortion. The use of a drug to terminate pregnancy is a modern solution to a complex issue. The procedure involves a minimum of trauma, but has its pros and cons.
If the pregnancy is more than 7 weeks, termination of pregnancy using an injection of a special drug is not performed. At an earlier stage, to perform an abortion by injection, you will need to undergo an ultrasound to determine the exact age of the fetus.
The injection is effective in 93% of cases. However, for 2 patients out of 30 the injection did not help and they had to have a surgical abortion.
There are a number of situations in which medical abortion cannot be performed.
Contraindications
Among the contraindications to non-surgical abortion we can name the following:
- pregnancy period is more than 7 weeks (50 days);
- ectopic pregnancy (when pregnancy develops in the fallopian tubes);
- tendency to bleeding, decreased blood clotting;
- long-term treatment hormonal drugs anti-inflammatory action (corticosteroids);
- increased sensitivity to methotrexate, misoprostol, oxytocin and the risk of developing an allergic reaction;
renal failure.
If you are planning to get rid of pregnancy in this way, you need to pay attention to the warnings. Chemical abortion can cause complications and lead to serious health problems.
Preparing for an abortion by injection
A small meal before the procedure - no special preparation is required.
To perform an abortion by injection, there must be no contraindications; you must undergo the recommended examination.
Non-surgical abortion involves the injection of a special medicine into the body in a concentrated dose. Consequences or lack of the desired effect are the result of a neglectful attitude to the recommendations of the attending physician.
Where can I get the injection?
In law artificial interruption pregnancy is possible up to 12 weeks. Late abortion is possible. Its duration is 13-22 weeks. But there must be compelling reasons to carry out this procedure.
The decision to authorize or prescribe it is made by a special medical commission. Doctors study the clinical indications and decide on the need for such a procedure. An injection of a drug to terminate a pregnancy is performed medical worker in the clinic.
Previously, termination of pregnancy meant vacuum and surgical abortion.
Today, administering the medicine by injection makes it possible to terminate a pregnancy in a more gentle way with a minimum of consequences.
Girls over 15 years of age can consult a doctor with this problem without parental consent and accompaniment.
The procedure for termination of pregnancy by injection is carried out in any private gynecological clinic and public hospital.
How does this happen
The administered dose of oxytocin is calculated by the doctor for each patient individually. Her personal parameters are taken into account - height, body weight.
The injection is given in the arm or thigh. The effect of the drug is as follows: when oxytocin enters the bloodstream, it affects the ability of the embryo to attach to the wall of the uterus.
The effect does not occur instantly. 2-6 weeks after injection. The timing of a miscarriage depends on the stage of pregnancy. Injecting in the early stages will give the expected effect only after a few weeks.
You should be prepared for the fact that a miscarriage can happen anywhere (at home, at work, while traveling, visiting) and at any time of the day.
Usage chemicals for non-surgical abortion has no side effects.
After a miscarriage occurs, you should do another ultrasound to know for sure that the pregnancy is gone and the uterus is clean.
Side effects
Compliance with all conditions for performing an injection abortion and medical recommendations minimizes the risks and side effects.
Using 1 dose of the drug rarely causes side effects. Of the 21 injections, 20 patients received the expected result. 1 case of ineffective procedure occurred due to neglect of the recommendations of the attending physician.
The most common complications are:
- dizziness, headaches, lack of sleep;
- nausea, vomiting, indigestion;
- nagging pain, painful spasms in the lower abdomen;
- the appearance of ulcers in the mouth.
Vaginal bleeding may occur, but this is extremely rare.
Recovery after non-surgical abortion
If the injection of the drug gave the expected effect, this does not mean that you can relax. After termination of pregnancy plays an important role rehabilitation period. The woman’s further health and reproductive ability depend on how the recovery goes.
Non-surgical (chemical) abortion is less likely to cause complications than surgical abortion. To keep them to a minimum, the following recommendations should be taken into account:
- During the month, physical stress (sports, lifting and carrying heavy objects) is contraindicated.
- For a month it is useful to abstain from sexual contacts. Neglecting this recommendation is fraught with inflammation and the penetration of infections into the uterine cavity.
- Personal hygiene - important factor women's health. IN postoperative period should be observed hygienic requirements more strictly - wash not only in the morning and evening, but also throughout the day, using a light solution of potassium permanganate.
- Change daily underwear, it is better to use daily sanitary napkin, which can be changed several times a day.
A woman should visit a gynecologist regularly. Preventive examination - once every six months, it is advisable to periodically do an ultrasound of the pelvic organs. After an abortion, you need to go for a consultation in a month and a half.
Never delay treatment. It is advisable to do preventive measures for women’s health – physiotherapeutic procedures, gynecological massage.
If you experience mood swings or depression after an abortion, you can seek support from a psychologist. The use of mild plant-based sedatives will help protect your psyche during this period.
Food for thought
During the year, 1.7 million women in the country undergo abortions. There are an average of 22 thousand operations per day. In every fifth case, an abortion is performed by a minor girl. Complications after abortion occur in 10% of cases.
Oxytocin for termination of pregnancy in the early stages is used in gynecology as one of the effective drugs.
The drug Oxytocin is a synthetic hormone similar to the natural one produced by the pituitary gland in a woman’s body. The action is aimed at increasing the muscle tone of the uterus and causing its contractions, which leads to embryo rejection.
The hormone oxytocin is normally always present in the body.
It is important in general for the birth process. Under its influence, the cervix opens and its walls contract, which helps the baby to be born.
When labor is weak, doctors administer an artificial hormone, which can influence labor and speed up the process. Under the influence of oxytocin, a woman in labor begins the process of producing breast milk after childbirth.
How does the drug work?
Oxytocin in the form of injections acts on a woman’s body in the same way as the natural substance:
- Impact on psychological mood. Another name for oxytocin is the happiness hormone. It is he who is responsible for the high spirits. This action is important for women giving birth when postpartum depression may develop.
- Maternal instinct. The production of oxytocin in large quantities in the body or the introduction of an artificial analogue awakens the maternal instinct in a woman who has given birth.
Administration of the drug to initial stages pregnancy rejects the fertilized egg and brings it out. On later hormone promotes the onset premature birth.
The action of Oxytocin begins quickly. Cramping pain in the uterus as a result of its contraction occurs within 5 minutes after the injection. Duration of action is up to three hours.
Oxytocin for early pregnancy termination
The use of Oxytocin for termination of pregnancy in the early stages takes place in practice. Stimulation of uterine contractions does not allow attachment fertilized egg to the inner wall of the uterus, and as a result, the embryo leaves the uterus along with bloody discharge.
When using the drug in late gestation, a slight release of colostrum from the mammary glands is possible. The hormone causes contractions to begin, the cervix to dilate and the embryo to be expelled.
One of the symptoms of Oxytocin is a decrease in blood pressure.
Can it be used at home?
Oxytocin cannot be used alone at home to induce a miscarriage. There is a high risk to a woman’s health and life in the form of serious complications.
Medication interruption should only be carried out under the supervision of a physician in a medical facility. In the event of an incorrect scenario, for example, the development of uterine bleeding in women, timely emergency assistance will be provided.
The dosage of the drug is prescribed only by the gynecologist, based on the woman’s age and general condition.
Indications
Indications for the use of Oxytocin:
- Medical termination of pregnancy up to 12 weeks.
- Late pregnancy termination for medical or social reasons.
- Removal of uterine contents after spontaneous miscarriage in the early stages.
- Weak labor.
However, the use of the drug for termination in the early stages is rare. The main reason is complications due to active contraction of the uterus, which include the development of bleeding and rupture.
Most often, gynecologists give preference for medical abortion to drugs based on Mifepristone, which has a milder abortifacient effect and a lot of positive reviews.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the use of the drug:
- suspected ectopic pregnancy;
- history of cesarean section;
- surgical operations on the uterus;
- low location of the placenta;
- individual intolerance to the drug.
Side effects
Possible side effects after the injection:
- a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
- decreased heart rate;
- cerebral circulatory disorders;
- nausea and vomiting;
- dizziness;
- headache;
- allergic reaction.
Dosage
The doctor determines what dose to inject to induce a miscarriage. On average, for short periods of time, the dosage for one injection is 1 IU. The instructions for use indicate a possible increase in the amount to 3 IU, but in this case the medication is administered by drip.
Intramuscular administration is acceptable. Oxytocin tablets cannot be bought at the pharmacy. The drug is available in ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous administration.
Oxytocin for abortion in early or late stages - effective remedy. However, the question of the appropriateness of its use is decided by the attending physician. In most cases, other drugs are used for pharmacological abortion, for example. Self-administration of the drug at home is not permissible due to the high risk of complications and a threat to the life and health of a woman.
