The semi-automatic loop is performed in four steps. You will have to turn the stitch selection dial four times:
- Setting;
- Left side of the loop;
- Setting;
- Right side of the loop.
The automatic loop is completed in just one step. The size of the buttonhole itself is automatically determined by the size of the button that is placed in the foot to make the automatic buttonhole.
You probably already know the basic rule when it comes to sewing needles: replace them with new ones after every big sewing project. Even a slightly dull tip or damaged needle eye can seriously affect the sewing result. After all, on modern sewing machines the needle pierces your fabric at a rate of 600 to 1,000 stitches per minute. But at the same time it is also important to choose suitable type needles.
If you look at the needles on offer in the most ordinary sewing store, you may see at least a dozen different varieties. In appearance they are all similar, unless you look at them with a magnifying glass. But different types of needles have different needle eyes, different points, different shafts, etc. All these parameters are of great importance for the work.
Let's look at the main types of needles in accordance with the attached illustration:
1. Universal/standard
Features: slightly rounded tip, standard for sewing machines.
Materials: silk, rayon, cambric, chiffon, organza, linen, georgette, poplin, ribbed corduroy.
2. Jersey
Materials: thin knitted and knitted products, single (one-sided) jersey, corset fabric, knitwear
3. Stretch
Features: Medium rounded tip.
Materials: highly elastic knitwear, simplex, latex, lycra.
4. Jeans/denim
Features: sharp tip.
Materials: denim, canvas, twill, faux leather.
5. Microtex
Features: thin shaft and very sharp tip.
Materials: microfiber, fine and tightly woven material, such as silk, taffeta, etc.
6. Leather
Features: The tip has the shape of a blade and cuts through the material.
Materials: suede, pigskin, calfskin, goatskin leather.
In addition, it is important to consider the manufacturer of the needle. We express our gratitude to the Japanese company Organ Needles, which helped us prepare a large material on needles for sewing machines.
Flash card requirements:
The flash card with designs must be formatted. The optimal size of a flash card is up to 4 GB. It should not contain any extraneous files: documents, photographs, films, music.
Create a folder for the design:
You insert the formatted flash card into the turned off machine. Then turn it on and wait for the download process. The machine creates a folder on the EmbF5 card (the name may vary slightly). Also, in some cases, depending on the class of the machine, a MyDesign folder can be created. After that, take out the card.
Transferring the design:
You transfer the design to the card either by simple copying or using special software (Digitizer MBX). The design must match the size of the hoop you are embroidering on. If it extends beyond the hoop, the machine will not open it. In this case, the design should be divided into several individual ones using special software.
The first digit on the left is the last digit of the year of manufacture. For example, if your sewing machine was manufactured in 2007, then the first digit will be 7. And if in 2014, then the last digit will be 4.
The second number from the left is the quarter in which the model was produced. 1 - production month from January to March, 2 - from April to June, 3 - from July to September, 4 - from October to December.
Other figures refer to general information manufacturer.
For example, serial number 431092594. The model was produced in the third quarter of 2014.
To perform a double stitch, you will need a double needle (two needles on one holder). If your sewing machine produces a zigzag width of 9 mm, then the distance between the needles can reach up to 9 mm. For machines with a zigzag width of 5 or 7 mm, the distance between the needles should not exceed 5 or 7 mm, respectively.
A sewing machine has two spool pins that hold spools of thread. The rods can be vertical or one horizontal and the other vertical (the rod is included additionally in the package).
Install two spools, thread the threads symmetrically behind the thread guide, then into the double needle. Select the straight stitch sewing function and use the standard zigzag foot.
A double stitch is formed on the front side of the fabric, and a zigzag stitch is formed on the back side. To process knitted fabric, we recommend using double stretch needles 130/705N No. 75/4.
Our company recommends that scheduled maintenance of Janome sewing machines and overlockers be carried out in specialized centers. If you want to do this yourself, please use only high quality lubricants designed specifically for sewing equipment.
Buyers are often faced with the fact that the cars they purchase are missing certain accessories. We would like to inform you that the following models may be supplied without a hard case:
- Janome 7518A
- Janome 7524A
- Janome 7524E
- Janome DC50
- Janome DC4030
- Janome Memory Craft 5200
Be sure to check the equipment of the sewing machine before purchasing from the seller. A sign that a hard case is missing is a low price. Hard car cover not sold separately.
There are four main types of sewing machines: mechanical, electromechanical, electronic and computer.
Mechanical machines operate from the mechanical force of the user (hand or foot drive).
Electromechanical ones have an electric drive - an electric motor that drives the flywheel. The speed of operation depends on the degree of pressure on the foot pedal. The functions are controlled by switches on the machine body.
Electronic sewing machines have an electric drive and an electronic control panel. The built-in microprocessor controls the movement of the needle relative to the fabric. Using the electronic panel of the sewing machine, you can select the desired operation.
Computer machines can be connected to a computer. It is possible to download new embroidery patterns and stitch types, as well as program sewing operations.
Shuttle type
The shuttle can be of three types: swinging vertical, rotating horizontal and rotating vertical.
The swinging shuttle is usually used in non- expensive cars, it is installed vertically. At the same time, the maximum sewing speed is low, there are restrictions on the stitch width, and vibration is also observed during operation.
Rotary shuttles (double-running shuttles) provide quieter and smoother operation without vibration or skipped stitches. The shuttle can be installed vertically or horizontally.
When positioned horizontally, it is more convenient to thread bobbins and you can start sewing without first raising the lower thread to the top.
The vertical arrangement of the double-running shuttle is used only in expensive household or industrial sewing machines. They are characterized by high reliability and durability.
Adjusting the presser foot pressure on the fabric
The ability to regulate the pressure of the presser foot on the fabric. The thicker the fabric, the less pressure is required. Also, a pressure regulator may be needed when sewing knitwear, since it stretches under the presser foot, and by reducing the pressure you can avoid this. If the machine has a built-in upper fabric feeder, a presser foot pressure regulator is not needed. Depending on the sewing machine model, adjustment can be done manually using a dial or automatically depending on the type of fabric.
Adjusting the sewing speed
Type of regulation of maximum sewing speed. As a rule, the sewing speed depends on the degree of pressure on the electric drive pedal, and the maximum speed can be set using a switch. The sewing speed can be adjusted smoothly or stepwise. With stepless adjustment, you can adjust the sewing parameters more precisely.
Speed limiter
A function that allows you to limit the maximum sewing speed using a switch installed on the sewing machine body. Despite the fact that all sewing machines allow you to regulate the speed by the degree of pressing force on the pedal, the presence of a limiter will make it easier to go through difficult areas, fixing a comfortable sewing speed and concentrating on working on the elements.
Maximum sewing speed
from 400 to 6000 sti/min
Depending on the model, the sewing machine performs from 600 to 1600 stitches in 1 minute without loss of sewing quality. Modern machines automatically adjust the force of tissue puncture, taking into account the type of needle, stitch speed and fabric thickness. It is important to remember that in addition to speed, stability and quality of the seam are also important.
Upper fabric conveyor
The presence of an upper fabric conveyor in addition to the lower one. It is used to pull the top and bottom layers of fabric through at the same time. This conveyor will be especially useful when working with thin and slippery fabrics. This results in an even stitch and no bunching. In addition, when performing work related to quilting, using the upper conveyor reduces the mutual displacement of layers of fabric.
Electronic puncture force stabilizer
Automatic adjustment of the force of tissue puncture with a needle. At any engine speed, the puncture force remains maximum. Using an electronic stabilizer, you can comfortably work with fabrics of any thickness.
Disabling the Fabric Feeder
Possibility to turn off the fabric conveyor. This function may be necessary when performing certain operations (hand embroidery, sewing on buttons), when it is easier to move the fabric manually.
Sewing in multiple directions
Possibility of automatic movement of fabric in all directions. Typically, sewing machines can produce stitches up to 8-9mm wide. With the ability to sew in multiple directions, wider stitches can be achieved. Such models are usually considered as machines with embroidery capabilities.
Sewing without pedal
A function that allows you to sew without using a pedal - to start sewing, you need to press a special button on the body, and to stop the machine, press it again.
Reverse button
Has a reverse stitch button. When the machine is operating in this mode, sewing is performed in the reverse direction. As a rule, this is done to secure the stitching. In more expensive machines, this function is performed using the “automatic stitching” mode.
Automatic stitching
The presence of an automatic stitching function, when the thread is automatically secured at the beginning and/or end of the stitch. Also, fastening can be done using the reverse mode, when stitching is performed at a short distance in the opposite direction.
Knee presser foot lift lever
The presence of a special lever for raising the presser foot to the upper position, which is convenient to press with your knee.
Automatic presser foot lift
Possibility of automatic lifting of the presser foot. At the end of the sewing operation, the presser foot automatically raises. This function can be disabled and used to lift the presser foot using a hand or knee lever.
Max. presser foot lift height
from 5 to 16 mm
The distance between the working surface and the presser foot in the upper position. The thicker the fabric, the greater the height required.
Lighting
The sewing machine has a built-in halogen or incandescent lamp to illuminate the working surface.
Lamp power
from 5 to 15 W
To illuminate the working surface, sewing machines are equipped with a built-in incandescent or halogen lamp. Depending on its power, the intensity of illumination and, accordingly, the convenience of operation depend. When choosing this option, it is worth considering that it is unacceptable to use a light bulb with a higher power than stated in the characteristics of the sewing machine.
Button size measurement system
The presence of a device that measures the size of buttons (loop size).
Power consumption
from 35 to 550
Depending on the model, the sewing machine consumes from 0 to 105 W. A low value indicates the efficiency of the device.
Connecting to a computer
It is possible to connect an electronic sewing machine to a computer. This allows you to load a new type of stitch or embroidery pattern into the device, and program sewing operations at your own discretion. Direct connection is provided via a cord via a USB port. Loading via USB flash is also possible.
Sewing operations
Number of sewing operations
from 1 to 3024
The number of types of stitches that a sewing machine can make.
Making a loop
There are three processing modes sewing loop: automatic, semi-automatic and manual.
With an automatic buttonhole, the machine sews the buttonhole itself in one step. It also automatically makes the necessary switches and overcasts all edges of the buttonhole. The dimensions of the buttonhole are set using a special buttonhole foot or by the user in millimeters. This is convenient when making several identical loops on one product.
The semi-automatic loop is performed by the user independently, when he alternately switches the necessary operations (lower, left, upper and right edges of the loop). There is no need to move the fabric manually. In this case, more time is spent processing each loop.
In manual mode, the user performs the buttonhole independently. You need to manually move the fabric and measure the distances between the edges of the loop.
Number of loops
from 1 to 20
The parameter indicates the number of types of buttonholes that the sewing machine is capable of making.
Typical for models with automatic loop execution (see "Loop making").
Ruler on the body
Some models of sewing machines are equipped with such a useful addition as a ruler on the body. Its use will allow you to easily control the stitching of parallel elements and other dimensions without the use of additional rulers and devices.
Maxi patterns
Computer sewing machines may have an additional mechanism that allows you to move the fabric not only back and forth, but also left and right. This provides additional embroidery capabilities - you can embroider a flower, make several stitches diagonally, embroider a small geometric pattern, and so on. Maintaining this function is called maxi-patterns.
Max. stitch length
from 2.5 to 12 mm
The parameter indicates the maximum possible distance between two longitudinal needle punctures.
The shorter the stitch is made, the stronger the overall seam. The required stitch length depends on the purpose of the seam. The maximum indicator primarily determines how thick fabrics can be sewn on a machine. The parameter also plays an important role, for example, when embroidering.
Max. stitch width
from 3 to 36.5 mm
The maximum possible distance between stitches, which determines the width of the entire seam.
Decorative and overcast zigzag stitches are usually made wide.
Number of types of monograms
from 1 to 30
Depending on the model of the sewing machine, the number of monograms varies from 1 to 30. Monograms are typical for artistic embroidery; they are applied thanks to the presence of built-in special programs that ensure the connection of letters into an ornamental inscription.
Number of embroidery alphabets
from 1 to 28
Depending on the model of the sewing machine, the number of alphabets varies from 1 to 17. Cyrillic and Latin embroidery alphabets with several types of fonts and hieroglyphs are available. The standard set of alphabets built into the program is 2-4. If it is possible to connect directly to a computer, any number of sewing programs with patterns and fonts can be loaded into the device.
Number of embroidery motifs
from 21 to 930
Depending on the model of the sewing machine, the number of motifs varies from 21 to 480. Any sample photograph or drawing can serve as an embroidery motif.
Stitches
Overlock
Possibility of making seams that imitate overlock stitches. Overlockers can simultaneously stitch, trim and finish the edge of the fabric. The presence of overlock stitches may be necessary when processing the edges of loose fabrics.
Overcasting
The sewing machine allows you to make seams that imitate overcasting. Only overlockers can cut, stitch and process the edges of fabric at the same time. Sewing machines do not have this capability, but imitation of overlock seams makes it possible to work with loose fabrics.
Secret
Possibility of performing a hidden stitch. It can be performed in one or two types. Blind seams are used, as a rule, when hemming the bottom of a garment and are invisible from the front side.
Elastic
Possibility of execution sewing machine elastic lines. Such seams are usually used when working with knitted fabrics.
Elastic concealed
Possibility of making elastic blind seams. As a rule, this stitch is used for hemming knitwear.
Design
Embroidery block
The presence of an embroidery unit in the kit, which is installed on the sewing machine. A hoop with stretched fabric is attached to this device. Embroideries can be of varying complexity and sizes. Depending on the machine model, embroidery units can produce only simple designs and inscriptions, or have the ability to connect to a computer and load new embroidery patterns from floppy disks or memory cards.
Display
The presence of a display on the body of the sewing machine. It usually displays the selected operations, stitch type, embroidery pattern and other information. Some car models have a touch screen.
Display type
The presence of a display on the body of the sewing machine will allow you to view the selected operations, type of stitch, embroidery pattern and other information. More expensive models are equipped with color displays, but for most functions a black and white display will be sufficient.
Sewing Advisor
Many computer-controlled sewing machines are equipped with a sewing assistance and hint system - a sewing advisor. Depending on the class of machine, the advisor can suggest which settings are recommended for a particular type of fabric and which foot and needle should be used to perform a certain sewing operation. They can also monitor the correctness of the sewing process, and even tell you in detail, with pictures or short clips, how to perform the required sewing operation.
Sleeve platform
Possibility to remove part of the work table. This allows you to comfortably work with narrow products (pants legs, cuffs, sleeves).
Platform length
from 14.5 to 33 cm
The length of the platform characterizes the distance from the needle to the side of the machine body, located to the right of the seamstress. You should pay attention to this indicator if you plan to sew bulky items, such as blankets or winter coats, since the longer the platform, the easier and more convenient it will be to manage large items.
Sleeve platform length
from 7.5 to 200 cm
The sleeve platform is a narrow part of the sewing machine that allows you to process product sleeves. The length of the sleeve platform varies between 7-20 cm, and depends on the overall dimensions of the sewing machine.
Table to expand the work surface
The set includes an additional table, with which you can expand the work surface. This may be necessary when sewing large items (curtains, bed linen, bedspreads).
Needle threader
The presence of a device that threads the upper thread into the needle.
Automatic bobbin threading
Availability of a device for automatic threading of the lower thread. As a rule, it is used in horizontal shuttles. With this device you can start sewing without first pulling the bottom thread up.
Automatic thread cutter
When you press the thread cutter button, a special mechanism cuts the lower and upper threads. The needle is in the upper position.
Automatic needle stop in the upper position
At the end of the stitching, the needle automatically moves to the top position.
Needle position switch (up/down)
The ability to switch the needle to both the upper and lower positions after finishing the stitch.
Coil location
The mount for installing a spool of thread is usually located vertically on the top surface of the sewing machine. Horizontal installation of the spool is less common; this position promotes smooth and uniform unwinding of the thread and provides a more even stitch.
Accessory compartment
The presence of a compartment in the machine body for storing accessories.
Case
The case is intended for protective purposes. This can be a soft fabric cover or a hard frame one, which also prevents the machine from mechanical damage.
Paws
For quilting
A quilting foot is typically used to sew together multiple layers of fabric, often using fillers (such as padding polyester).
For sewing in a zipper
When using this foot, you can sew a parallel stitch as close to the zipper as possible.
For sewing on buttons
The foot for sewing on buttons is necessarily equipped with two straps for increased stability. Some models have rubberized linings that prevent the fabric from slipping. Additionally, it can be equipped with a removable pin to form a “leg”.
These feet can also be used for sewing on buttonholes, buttons and hooks.
Overlock
This foot is used when performing overlock stitching. Thanks to the special design of the overlock foot, the fabric is not pulled together when sewing a seam.
Overcasting
There is a foot available that is designed for overcasting. Thanks to the overcasting foot, the fabric does not pull together when sewing a seam.
For hemming
Hemming feet are used to finish the edges of thin fabrics. The presence of a guide channel on the underside of the foot ensures an even hem seam.
Dimensions and weight
Width
from 9 to 64 cm
The width of the sewing machine in centimeters. When choosing this option, it is worth considering that manufacturers, as a rule, indicate the overall dimensions of the device without taking into account the protruding parts of the case.
Depth
from 8 to 44 cm
Sewing machine depth in centimeters. When choosing this option, it is worth considering that manufacturers, as a rule, indicate the overall dimensions of the device without taking into account the protruding parts of the case.
Height
from 16 to 56 cm
Height of the sewing machine in centimeters. When choosing this option, it is worth considering that manufacturers, as a rule, indicate the overall dimensions of the device without taking into account the protruding parts of the case.
Weight
from 0.4 to 50 kg
Sewing machine weight in kilograms. Depending on functionality and power, it can range from 2 to 15 kg.
In the event of a serious breakdown of the sewing machine, only a competent specialist can help it. Although, in most cases, as practice shows, complex repairs are not required for a machine used at home, and in order for it to be used, it is only necessary to configure and adjust it. And this can be done on your own, the main thing is to find out and understand how to properly set up the sewing machine before work and which parts in it should be adjusted.
How to set up and adjust a sewing machine
Basic faults requiring setup and adjustment
The main operational problems that require timely adjustment and adjustment can be called:
- stitch instability, consisting in the formation of gaps in the line, different lengths threads, breakage of one of them or both at once;
- manifestation of irregularities in the stitching, namely, tightening of the fabric in the form of an accordion, excessive tightening or loosening of the loop, as well as bevelling of the stitching;
- change in stroke, accompanied by noise, the appearance of “heaviness” or jamming.
Stitch instability
The occurrence of all these malfunctions indicates that you need to take a closer look at the operation of the sewing machine, determine the cause of their occurrence and try to eliminate them. If you do this at the very initial stage, it will not require much effort. Prolonged operation of the sewing machine in the wrong mode may require expensive repairs that can only be carried out by a professional.
Basic rules for setting up a sewing machine yourself
Setting up a sewing machine with your own hands is quite simple. To do this, you must adhere to a certain sequence of actions, the main stages of which are:
Among other things, before starting work, you need to set the stitch length. Usually their exact meaning for various types fabric and a particular stitch is indicated in the operating instructions for the device. In this case, the average value of this value is from 1 to 2 mm when using thin fabric and at least 3 mm when using thick fabric. It is also worth checking the sharpness and fit of the sewing needle. If the needle is dull or chosen too thin for a particular type of fabric and thread, skipping stitches will occur.
You can learn about it from our article.
Choosing a needle for a sewing machine
No matter how strange it may seem, the needle is one of the most important elements of a sewing machine, so before wondering how to properly set up a sewing machine, you need to check this element. During the stitching process, the needle makes several hundred punctures in the fabric, some of which are not thin and light. Over time, this leads to its dullness, and subsequently to the fact that it bends. And if, during its movement, the needle hits the metal of the device body at least once, the tip will certainly be crushed. At the same time, inexperienced craftsmen may not pay attention to such an incident and, during a visual inspection, will not notice the defect that has arisen. But in fact, it will exist, and when the tissue is punctured, relatively large tears will form in the latter. The thread, which passes through the eye of the needle, will cling to the deformed point, slowing down with the appearance of excess in the stitch. Loops will begin to form in the stitching. In addition, a bent, blunt needle can cause constant thread breaking, especially if the process of stitching a complex section of the product is being carried out, when the upper thread is stretched to its maximum.
In such situations, setting up a manual and electric sewing machine and adjusting it as such is not required. And to perform the job normally, you just need to replace the needle yourself. This element in the car must be changed as often as possible. This will not complicate the work in any way, but on the contrary will make the sewing truly high-quality and neat.
When replacing a sewing needle, you must select this element strictly corresponding to the type of machine. Under no circumstances should you install a needle intended for an industrial sewing machine into a household device. It is extremely difficult to confuse them, since needles for industrial devices do not have a cut on the bulb. Using such a needle in a household sewing machine, the gap between the needle blade and the nose of the shuttle is broken, which best case scenario leads to skipped stitches. And in the worst case, it can damage the sewing machine hook. Also very important is the correct location of the element in the needle holder, which is to locate the blade on the side of the shuttle nose.
Needle selection and installation
Before inserting even a new needle corresponding to the type of sewing machine into the needle holder, you need to make sure that there is no curvature, which may not be noticed at first glance. In order to make sure that the needle is absolutely straight, you can place it on glass or a mirror. The gap will be immediately visible. In addition, you need to choose a needle according to the fabric you are using. So, for sewing “complex” fabrics such as stretch, denim or faux leather, there are special needles that have a special shape that facilitates better passage of the needle through the material, thereby eliminating skipped stitches and uneven loops created by the top thread.
You must select a needle according to the number of thread being used. In this case, it is worth taking into account a feature of new sewing machines, which is the presence of a guide stop under the surface of the table, which does not allow the needle point to go sideways. In this case, the distance from it increases with increasing tissue thickness.
Choosing a needle depending on the type of fabric
Setting the interaction between the needle and the sewing machine hook
The joint work of the shuttle and the needle
The quality of the result obtained during the sewing process depends on the adjustment of the shuttle and needle assembly of the sewing machine, or rather on the correspondence of the gaps between them to the correct values, in the absence of which gaps, looping and breaks of the lower and upper threads can also occur in the lines. In order to make this adjustment, you need to understand how the machine works when forming a loop.
So, when the needle is raised 1.5-2 mm from its original position, a loop is formed from the upper thread, located slightly above the eye. In this case, the nose of the shuttle should pass almost close to the hollow of the needle. This distance should not exceed 0.15 mm. The distance from the nose of the shuttle to the eye of the needle should be 0.5 mm. These values are approximate and correspond to working with fabrics of medium thickness. Depending on the type of material used, they may vary somewhat. Their numerical value can only be understood experimentally in the process of performing work, and such skills in most cases come with experience.
It is also worth noting the importance of correctly installing the vertical position of the rack. They are responsible for moving the fabric relative to the needle and the body of the sewing machine during operation. At the moment when the needle pierces the material, the upper edges of the teeth of the rack should be at the level of the sewing machine work table.
Proper care of your sewing machine
In order to avoid the need to adjust the sewing machine each time before using it, it is enough to follow certain preventive measures, the main ones of which include:
- All major parts must be lubricated special oil at least once every six months;
- after each use of the sewing machine, it is necessary to remove from its surface, as well as the hook cover and needle plate, all dust and dirt formed during operation;
- before hiding the machine in a case, you need to make sure that there are no torn threads or fabric in its structural elements, and also by placing thick paper or cardboard under the foot, lower it all the way;
- The sewing machine must be stored in a case;
- The pedal and drive cords should be coiled as carefully as possible to prevent kinks and breaks.
Proper storage of your sewing machine
Setting up the sewing machine after a long break in work
If the sewing machine has not been used for a long period of time, it must be checked and adjusted before use. This is necessary to make sure that during the long “standing”, all the main elements and mechanisms do not rust due to improper storage. To do this, you need to lubricate all metal parts of the device with the oil that comes with the sewing machine. If it is not there or it has run out, then you can use regular machine oil. Next, without lowering the foot, you need to run it at low speed in vain, so that all the elements that did not get oil are also treated with it.
After all these steps you need to replace sewing needle, and only after that proceed to threading and using the device. The first line is best done on a piece of unnecessary fabric in order to avoid getting machine oil on the material of the product that will be made using a sewing machine. At the same time, it will become clear whether the line is correct. After this, you can safely start working with full confidence that this device is working properly and will not damage the main fabric.
Thus, it is quite possible to set up the sewing machine yourself. The main thing is to understand exactly what problem arises during the work process. All basic operations are standard and apply to both manual and electric sewing machines. If you check all the main parts and assemblies of the device every time before you start using it, as well as carry out preventive measures in a timely manner and use it correctly in accordance with all points of the operating instructions, then the question of how to set up and adjust the sewing machine will not arise.
Is it true that electronic cars break down more often?
When using the machine for its intended purpose and proper care it will work for a long time without the intervention of a master. For electronic models, the most dangerous thing is power surges.
How to properly adjust thread tension?
Threads straight stitch should be intertwined and fit neatly between two layers of fabric. With zigzag stitches, the bobbin thread does not show up on the right side, and the needle thread comes out on the wrong side.
How to use a double needle?
To perform a double stitch, you will need a double needle (two needles on one holder). If your sewing machine produces a zigzag width of 7mm, then the distance between the needles can reach up to 6mm.
For machines with a zigzag width of 5mm, the distance between the needles should not exceed 4mm.
A sewing machine has two spool pins that hold spools of thread. The rods can be vertical or one horizontal and the other vertical (included additionally in the package).
Install two spools, thread the threads symmetrically behind the thread guide, then into the double needle. Select the straight stitch function. Foot (A) for zigzag.
A double stitch is formed on the front side of the fabric, and a zigzag stitch is formed on the back side. To process knitted fabric, use double stretch needles 130\705N No. 75\4.
What does the presser foot pressure regulator do?
Such a regulator makes it possible to work efficiently with different types fabrics: from thick to thinnest. When sewing thick fabrics, the regulator is set to value “3”, when sewing lighter fabrics and knitwear - “2-1”.
What is the difference between an automatic loop and a semi-automatic loop?
The semi-automatic loop is performed in 4 steps, i.e. The stitch selection knob must be turned four times: 1) bartack, 2) left side of the buttonhole, 3) bartack and 4) right side of the buttonhole.
The automatic loop is performed in 1 step. The buttonhole size is automatically determined by the size of the button that is placed in the automatic buttonhole foot.
Does the sewing machine do overlocking?
Many modern sewing machines have overlock stitches that imitate an overlock stitch. Since there are no knives in the sewing machine, there are no overlock functions.
Can household machines sew on leather, jeans and knitwear?
For stitch quality and to help when sewing complex fabrics, we recommend the following accessories:
For jeans: “jeans” needles (have a sharp needle tip) and a plate for difficult places. For leather: leather needles (have a cutting edge) and a Teflon foot. For knitwear: jersey or stretch needles. When sewing complex materials, always use only those needles and threads that are intended for them.
What is an upper feed foot?
The upper feed foot is used to advance the fabric twice. Indispensable when sewing sliding, complex fabrics, when combining patterns (stripes, checks), and when sewing multi-layers.
A sewing machine in skillful hands allows you to create many interesting things. Correct setting of the sewing machine leads to synchronous and coordinated work of all parts. Makes working on it more comfortable. The debugging procedure is similar for all models and is described below in the article.
Basic operating rules
Those people who sew constantly understand that setting up a sewing machine before using the device is simply necessary. You can do it yourself or contact a service center for help.
Before you set up the sewing machine yourself, you should familiarize yourself with the rules of its operation:
- Sewing equipment is stored in a dry room away from heating devices.
- Before you start sewing, you need to prepare the tools that you will need for further work.
- Before the work process, you need to make sure that the thread guide and needle are in the upper position.
- When sewing, you should help the machine by pulling the fabric towards you.
- At the end of the work process, you need to raise the presser foot and pull out the material. Cut the thread, having previously found its free end, at least five centimeters long.
The operating instructions for the sewing machine are described in detail in the instructions for use that come with it.
Causes of breakdowns
Proper adjustment of the sewing machine will extend the life of the device. Allows you to sew on it easily, without breakage. But problems still occur with any sewing equipment. The most common is thread breakage. Occurs for three reasons:
- poor quality thread;
- mismatch between needle and thread sizes;
- the appearance of burrs on the bobbin.
Sometimes problems arise with the movement of the canvas. This type of failure occurs due to incorrect positioning of the teeth.
In some cases, the fabric is cut through while sewing. This problem occurs when the presser foot is pressed too hard, when the needle is not installed correctly, or when the needle becomes dull.
As a result of operating the sewing machine, other malfunctions may occur, which can be eliminated using the operating instructions.
What is needed to set up the sewing unit?
To set up your sewing machine properly, you need to prepare the following:
- sewing machine;
- screwdriver;
- quality threads;
- sewing equipment operating manual;
- cleaning solvent;
- oil for lubricating internal parts;
- a small piece of cotton fabric.
Having prepared everything you need, you can safely begin debugging the sewing machine.
Modern sewing equipment
Setting up the sewing machine yourself is carried out in accordance with the manual that comes with the kit. The adjustment of modern sewing machines is similar and differs in the adjustment methods.
Modern models of machines are adjusted using special adjusting wheels. But individual parts are adjusted manually. First of all, adjust the spring, which presses the thread when winding it onto the bobbin. It is tightened so that the bobbin cap fits tightly and does not unwind. The upper thread on the machine goes through a whole labyrinth, this is:
- metal ears;
- thread voltage regulator;
- lever with thread puller hole;
- staples;
- sewing machine needle.
Thread tension in modern machines is provided by mechanisms on the end panel and on the interline screw of the shuttle. The first is responsible for the lower threads, the second for the upper ones. The latter are tightened using shuttle washers that compress the screw responsible for tensioning the thread.
The result is checked on a piece of fabric. If the loops are hanging, then the upper thread is overtightened. With correctly adjusted thread tension, an even seam and perfect stitches are obtained.
When setting up the machine, the presser foot pressure is adjusted using a special spring. If the foot presses hard, the fabric folded together will move, making it difficult to sew and the fabric may tear. Light presser foot pressure will create an irregular weak seam. When adjusting the foot, pay attention to the thickness of the fabric; the thicker the material, the more pressure the foot should press.
Before putting the machine into operation, pay attention to the needle holder. The needle should go all the way into it. The large needle groove points to the left, and the short one to the right.
Setting up manual machines
Setting up a manual sewing machine is not particularly difficult. On the right side of the device there is a wheel - a winder. It is set in motion by a handle that is turned by hand. Nearby is a stitch length adjustment lever. On the left side of the sewing machine there is a hook, a presser foot and a needle. In the same part there are levers for tensioning the upper thread and for raising the presser foot. The working surface of the sewing machine is covered with slats that help advance the fabric while sewing.
When setting up old-style sewing equipment, the main thing is to choose the correct size of needles and threads. The quality of the stitch depends on the thread tension setting. If it is done incorrectly, the seam will loop.
The tension of the bobbin thread is adjusted with a screw in the bobbin case. The tighter it is tightened, the greater the tension.
Eliminating knocking
Setting up the Podolsk sewing machine, like other manual units, is carried out according to the rules specified in the instruction manual. Following them helps to avoid many problems. But even if you follow all the recommendations, sewing equipment sometimes malfunctions and problems occur (for example, the machine knocks when sewing).
To eliminate the knocking, pull the flywheel several times in the axial direction of the device. If this does not help, then they disassemble the machine. First of all, remove the manual drive and unscrew the limiter, which resembles an ordinary screw; it is located under the manual drive. Remove the flywheel. Following the flywheel, the bobbin, which resembles a cone, and the sleeve are removed from the shaft.
A tin washer is placed on the shaft. Some people cut it out of a tin can. A correctly made washer allows you to eliminate knocking in the machine forever. After adding the washer, the sewing machine is assembled.
Needle problems
If problems with the needle arise while working with a sewing machine, you can fix them yourself. It is worth remembering that the needle affects not only the quality of sewing, but also the operation of all sewing equipment.
Any sewing needle has a rod (blade), a thickened flask, a point, an eye, a long and short groove, and a flat. If the needle does not meet the requirements or is defective, then it tears the material, causes thread breakage and can completely ruin the fabric. In case of such problems, change the needle to a new, high-quality one.
When installing a new needle, unscrew the fixing screw and remove the defective element. At this moment, the needle holder should be in the upper position. The needle holder is made according to the shape of the needle, so it is unlikely that it will be installed incorrectly. When the needle is installed correctly, the long groove faces the right side, and the short one to the left. After the needle is inserted into the needle holder, tighten the screw. Take a piece of fabric and sew a few stitches. If the stitches come out oblique, then it is necessary to adjust the location of the needle.
When working with a machine, it is important to choose the right needle thickness. You should navigate by its number. An incorrectly selected needle will break the thread, damage the fabric and create a poor stitch. If the needle is thin and the fabric is thick, the needle may break.
Setting the sewing stitch
Setting up sewing machines is carried out using tools and buttons, screws and knobs located on the device panel. To adjust the stitch, the second adjustment method is sufficient. For the correct stitching, adjust:
- Presser foot pressure. The adjustment is carried out with a bolt that presses the foot. It is located on the arm of the sewing machine. For thick fabrics, the pressure is increased, for thin fabrics, the pressure is weakened.
- Comb height. The position of the teeth is determined visually. When sewing thick material, they protrude more than when working with thin cloth.
- Upper thread tension. Its adjustment is carried out using the adjustment wheel, which is located on the top panel of the device.
- The degree of tension of the lower thread. Adjustable with a screw on the bobbin case spring. The uniformity of tension is checked by pulling the lower thread in the position when the machine is threaded. The thread should stretch freely, without jerking, but with little tension.
Setting up a stitch doesn't take much time and is something every necker should be able to do.
Seagull sewing machine: setup and adjustment
The Chaika sewing machine is not significantly different from other sewing machines. Setting up the Seagull sewing machine begins with the correct installation of the needle and thread.
To adjust the upper thread, set the handle of the thread pulling mechanism to the upper position. The needle is placed in the holder as far as it will go and secured with a screw.
The spool of thread is placed at the top of the machine on a special rod. The thread is pulled through the thread guide. Then through the friction washers, then inserted into the thread tensioner. At the end, the thread is secured in the needle holder and thread guide, and threaded through the eye of the needle.
To adjust the bobbin thread, you need to wind the thread onto the bobbin. Place the bobbin in a special cap and take it out. The cap is inserted into the machine until it clicks. The lower thread is brought out. After this, the handle of the sewing machine is turned away from you to achieve the required thread tension. This completes the setup of the Chaika 134A sewing machine.
Before working, lower the presser foot with the needle. Turn the handle towards you. Lubricate the device with oil. For sewing, use material that is suitable for all types of stitches.
The machine is equipped with a disk with four tooth adjustment positions. To sew thick material, the teeth should protrude, but when doing embroidery, they should be completely hidden.
Setting up and adjusting the Podolsk sewing machine
The device is different from others manual machines good because it can sew thick and dense fabrics. To do this, it needs to be configured correctly.
Setting up the Podolsk sewing machine begins with threading. Winding device of this device located at the rear of the flywheel. A tension device is connected to the winder from the bottom of the platform. When winding the thread onto the bobbin, the sewing part of the machine is turned off; to do this, turn the friction screw towards yourself. After winding the thread, the bobbin is inserted into the cap.
The needle setting is important in setting up the machine. To do this, bring the needle holder into a vertical position and insert the needle until it stops. In this case, the flat part of the flask should be on the left, and the long groove on the right.
The upper thread is threaded from right to left. Reaches from the spool to the eye of the needle. After the upper thread is adjusted, take out the lower thread. Setting up the Podolsk 142 sewing machine is complete and you can start sewing.
When operating the device, turn the handwheel toward you and the handle away from you. This will prevent the thread from getting tangled in the shuttle. When the machine is not in use, the presser foot must be raised. When starting the machine, the fabric should be on the floor; if the machine sews idle, its teeth will become dull. The sewing machine has three tooth adjustment positions.
Setting up mini cars
A mini sewing machine is suitable for those who do not sew all the time. It resembles a large stapler, takes up little space and easily fits in a handbag.
The spool of thread is inserted into the machine from the side. Before work, the threads are wound on the spool that comes with the device.
The machine easily sews both thin and thick fabrics, is easy to use, and versatile. It can be used not only at home, but also while traveling or at the dacha.
Sewing equipment care
Caring for a sewing machine is not difficult. It is enough to keep it clean and lubricate it with oil every six months.
If the machine worked long time, then clean the shuttle location compartment. It accumulates a lot of fluff, dust and oil. Periodically clean the shuttle from contamination with a stiff brush.
Immediately after lubrication, the machine should be allowed to idle. In this case, the oil will heat up and penetrate faster into the structure of the machine. To lubricate hard-to-reach places, oil is drawn into a medical syringe.
The machine should be stored in a dry and cool place in a case: this way it will be protected from dirt and dust.
In order not to adjust the machine every time, you need to resort to preventive measures:
- Lubricate the machine in a timely manner and sweep away dust from it.
- Upon completion of work, place thick paper under the presser foot. In this case, the presser foot and needle should be lowered all the way.
- Before storing the machine, it is cleaned of torn threads and fabric.
- If the machine is equipped with a drive, then make sure that the wires are not twisted, otherwise they may break inside.
Timely preventive actions will prolong the life of the sewing machine and save you from many problems.
