Teaching a child to read syllables. How to teach a child to read: the right and quick ways. Exercises to develop attention

When a child has mastered the alphabet well, it is time to teach him how to put letters into syllables and read them. Many mothers and fathers are tormented by the question of how to tell him everything about sounds and syllables, how to teach him to connect letters, and then explain how to put words together.

Learning algorithm

Teaching a child to read coherently is not as simple as it might seem at first glance. This is a rather serious matter that requires patience, perseverance and some preparation by the parents themselves. The process of developing reading skills consists of three steps:

• learning letters and their corresponding sounds;
• folding letters into syllables and practical training in reading them;
• putting syllables into words and practicing continuous reading.

The first step usually does not cause difficulties for children; they quickly remember the letters during the game. The next step, perhaps the most important and responsible, is not very easy for many children. The difficulties that arise can discourage and significantly slow down the process. Don't give up and continue systematic training, even if things have seriously slowed down. Encourage your child to make him feel more confident.

When can you start teaching your child to read?

Before you start teaching, make sure that your charming student knows the letters of the alphabet and can easily identify them. To test skills, give your child the alphabet and ask him to name the letters. Usually children need 2-3 minutes to do this. This means that it takes him 4-6 seconds to recognize one letter. Based on simple calculations, we can assume that it will take him 20 to 25 seconds to read a 4-letter word (“dad”, “mom”). Now imagine what it’s like to read at that speed.

So knowing and identifying letters is, of course, important, but identifying them must be lightning fast. When the child spends about 20 seconds “disassembling” the entire alphabet, then move on to the second stage of learning - how to teach a child syllables.

Fundamental points:

• Teach your child sounds, not letters, this will simplify the process of subsequent learning. For example, not “de”, “te”, “me”, but “D”, “T”, “M”. The vowels should be long “uuu”, “aaa”. Start your practice with "A". It is easiest for children; they quickly remember and identify it. Once the student can identify it well, proceed to consonants. Then start making the syllables “MA”, “DA”, “GA”. As soon as this works out, start building words: “ba-ba”, “ma-ma”. After practicing skills with the letter “A”, start practicing with the letter “O”, then “U”, “I”.
• If your child is familiar with the alphabet, play with it. Show him how to collect simple words“da-sha”, “ka-sha”, “li-za”, “li-sa”, “mouth”, “house”, “ko-za”.
• Move to 3-syllable words.
• Learning through play is the most optimal and interesting way for a child.

During the learning process, actively use visual aids. Colorful pictures and thematic video materials prepared in advance can become your assistants in this difficult task.

Teaching methods

It is quite difficult to teach a baby to read on your own without relying on didactic material (more details in the article:). Buy a primer in advance, you will need it. Now they are produced in a large assortment - some are classic, some are original. The most interesting and practically justified are the methods of N. Zhukova and E. Bakhtina.

Zhukova’s method with “running letters” seems simpler to explain, and therefore more understandable to the child. We should not forget that every child is unique, his abilities are individual. What is convenient and understandable for one person does not suit another. If your baby doesn’t feel very confident at the syllable stage, don’t rush to move on to putting words together, even the simplest ones. Such useless acceleration will increase his insecurity and discourage him from learning to read.

Bakhtina's method is suitable for very young children who are barely 2 years old. The author assures that children who regularly study at home using her method can read well by the age of three. According to Zhukova’s ABC book, children study at school, i.e. at the age of 5-6 years.

We add and read syllables according to the method of Elena Bakhtina

The essence of the method is as follows: as soon as the baby has learned to recognize letters fluently (and that is fluently!), begin to teach him to connect letters, form syllables and pronounce them. After he learns to correctly pronounce and recognize letter combinations, he needs to work on their varieties.

Let's give an example. In the syllable “MA” the letters “M” and “A” met and became strong friends. Now they are together and it turns out “MA”. Repeat about friendship “M” + “A” = “MA” throughout the day, consolidate the skill the next day. Using the same scheme, learn other letter combinations. At first, practice open syllables (with a vowel) “KA”, “GA”, “LA”. Be sure to reinforce pronunciation by demonstrating cards (visually).

Use the same cards to teach your child to read. We offer you ready-made cards: consonants are blue, vowels are red. Make syllables and words to read from cards.

Important aspects:

• At the initial stage, do not use vowels with “y” as part of “yu” = “yu”, “ya” = “ya”. Do not use sibilant consonants, as they are more difficult to pronounce.
• Teach your child continuously - not only at home with an ABC book, but also while walking. Point the “student” to the signs, encourage him to find and pronounce familiar combinations, and practice with unfamiliar combinations. Then you can include vowels with “th” and sibilant consonants in your training.

It is possible that this technique will not suit the baby, and he will not learn to read. In this case, try a different teaching method.

The classic method of the author of the school primer Nadezhda Zhukova

Use Zhukova's ABC book to teach your child how to form syllables from letters. Start with the letters “M” and “A”, because their combination is close and dear to the baby. This letter combination is familiar almost from birth; it underlies the word “mother”.

Pay attention to the child that in the picture in the primer, one letter runs to another, and then they are connected.

Pronounce the extended letter “mmm” with him and turn it into “mmmaaaa.” In this case, the first sound gradually shortens and becomes longer than the second. Using the same scheme, pronounce other open letter combinations with “A”, “O”, “U”: “YES”, “KO”, “TU”, etc. Then move on to adding very simple words that are understandable to the learner: “PA-PA”, “RU-KA”, “NO-GA”. Focus on articulation: we extend one sound and shorten the other. If you can make your own cards with “running” letters, then you can teach your child to read not only with a book, but also through games.

Important aspects:

• It is very important to encourage your child to analyze the syllables he learns. Every time ask him what letters he sees here and how many there are. Let him pronounce and repeat again and again.
• Make sure that while reading, the letters do not “break apart” or become “unfriendly”, so that the sounds do not turn into letters when they are connected: “yes”, not “dea”; “pa”, not “pea”. The child must pronounce the sounds. Remind your baby that the first sound needs to be pulled out, and the second one needs to be “cut.”
• During the lesson, let the child determine by ear the number of letters (sounds) pronounced by mom/dad. Ask him to name the first sound and the second. Initially, you can practice on combinations of vowels “ao”, “ua”, “ia”.

Let us remind you once again about the individuality of the child. One baby will quickly connect letters and sounds, while another will have difficulty. Don't rush him and don't push the situation. Let the classes be regular. If your child is having trouble with one method, try another. It is important to choose the option that suits him.

Clinical and perinatal psychologist, graduated from the Moscow Institute of Perinatal Psychology and Reproductive Psychology and Volgograd State Medical University with a degree in clinical psychology

Children first become acquainted with letters at home, with their parents, and they begin to read fully and well after they turn 6 years old. The first program to develop reading and fully prepare children for school begins in kindergarten. There are many centers for the development of children that help them fully master reading techniques, and additional homework gives quite successful results. Next, we’ll talk about how to teach a child to read syllables at home.

How does learning to read happen?

The child should be introduced to the reading course gradually and his interest should be aroused. Be sure to explain why you need to read and what benefits it will bring to the baby in the future. You should not immediately give a lot of tasks and overload with knowledge; it will be enough to study the “ABC” and syllables without pictures that suggest letters.

It is also worth considering that young children do not have a strong concentration of attention, they sometimes simply get tired of constant mental work; attention can be won with clear speech and direct direction to action.

Due to its childhood some children can switch their attention to more than 10 objects. Therefore, you need to select a very interesting ABC so that the baby will certainly like it. There are a number of special books in which letters stand out in a special way, allowing you to focus all your attention on them.

How to teach a child to read syllables at home? Where to begin?

1. Learn all the main letters with your child, try to have him name them clearly and show them in pictures. If you additionally draw letters in red on paper, this will also play a role. This color helps to better remember syllables and all letters.
2. After fully studying the vowels, you can move on to syllables with the addition of consonants, let the child try to repeat after you all the syllables that you pronounce. Composing easy words with repeating syllables will be a real move forward and noticeable progress on the part of the baby.
3. Try to speak to your child clearly and in syllables so that he catches every word you say and can independently repeat simple words: house, smoke, la-la, cat, dog, yard, window, ball, ball, and so on.

How should you prepare for your baby's development?

Parental assistance in the development of the child should be present in everything, therefore parents still need to allocate at least an hour of their time for full-time activities with the child and reading books with him; the more parents help the child, the more desire he will have to study further and get everything necessary knowledge. Develop hard work in your child - this will help him in school years. We briefly told you how to teach a child to read syllable by syllable at home, but whether you listen to our advice or not is your right.

If previously children went to first grade and learned letters, then syllables, and only then mastered reading words and phrases, today the situation has changed dramatically. First-graders sit at their desks already able to read at least syllable by syllable, and some children can sound out the pages of the primer quite fluently. Indeed, today great attention is paid to the early development of a child, and learning to read is one of the main and most important stages. But many parents are faced with the fact that the baby cannot correctly form letters into syllables. Don’t be upset ahead of time, perhaps the baby is not yet ready to master this science, but he can turn learning into a game process and progress will immediately become visible. What should parents do who want to teach their child to read syllables at home?

The time has come: how to determine that a child is physiologically ready to learn to read

Many parents ask the question: at what age can you start learning to read? Child psychologists and teachers do not give a definite answer to this question, because everything depends on the psychological and physiological readiness of the child himself. Some children already at the age of 4 can put letters into syllables without problems, while others only become aware of the process at school. Nevertheless, experts identify several signs by which adults can understand that the baby is ready to move on to learning:

• coherent and clear speech: the child can speak in sentences, clearly formulate his thoughts and desires, he is understood not only by his parents, but also by the people around him;
• The baby has no serious speech therapy problems or speech defects. The future student should not burr or lisp in order to clearly and correctly pronounce letters and syllables during the learning process. If a child is five years old and cannot pronounce several sounds, a consultation with a speech therapist is necessary;
• Coordination is well developed: the baby understands where right and left are, up and down. It would seem, what does this have to do with reading? The most direct: this is necessary so that the baby reads words and syllables correctly. Also, children who have poor coordination often confuse similar letters: P and b, E and E;
• phonetic hearing is sufficiently developed: the baby should be able to determine which letter a word begins with, which words have the same letters in their composition;
• patience and perseverance: during the learning process, the child must concentrate for at least 10 minutes to understand new material and remember the syllables. It is too early to teach a child who does not want to sit still and concentrate on an ABC book or other aids to read;
• interest in letters and reading in a child: if parents notice that the child often looks at books, asks adults to read what is written on a particular page, and shows interest in letters, then he will be interested in learning to read on his own.

The above skills, in most cases, are formed in a child by the age of five. It is from this age that you can start learning to read. It is advisable that by the time the baby needs to go to first grade, i.e. by age 7, he could read syllables.

Parents must take into account the wishes of the child before starting to teach him to read. If the baby is not interested in letters and books, cries during classes, or does not want to concentrate, it is better to leave attempts for a later time. Even if a child the same age as your baby is already reading words and sentences, and yours has just learned letters, but things are not progressing further, you should not force the baby. This can only aggravate the situation and discourage any desire to exercise. When the time comes, the baby will quickly master letters and syllables.

At what age should you start teaching your child at home?

On this issue, many experts have different opinions:

• teachers early development insist that it is necessary to start working with children from birth or no later than twelve months. They explain their position by the fact that the baby’s brain is intensively developing to three years, and at this time it is necessary to have time to introduce him to letters and words. Most often, Glen Doman's method is used to teach early reading, when children are shown words not in syllables, but as a whole, and the child remembers the information in this form;
• Speech therapists and child psychologists, on the contrary, do not recommend starting training until the child is completely ready according to the signs that we discussed above. Experts recommend starting to teach children to read no earlier than five to six years old. It is at this age that the child will consciously be able to remember, and most importantly, understand the rules of reading.

But first of all, everything depends on the decision of the parents and the desires of the child himself.

When to start teaching your baby to read - video

Where to start: proper preparation for learning to read

This stage is the precursor to learning to read. To master the skills of composing syllables, and then words and sentences, the child must be prepared to learn letters. First of all, the baby must have a well-developed sense of rhythm, coordination and phonemic hearing.

You can start teaching your baby to catch rhythm from a very early age. To do this, teachers recommend playing funny children's songs for the baby and asking the baby to dance or simply move to the sounds of music. Parents need to set an example so that the child tries to repeat the movements of adults. Such exercises have a positive effect on the development of rhythmic hearing.

Very important has development phonemic hearing so that the child learns to correctly pronounce different sounds, as well as recognize them in words. To do this, experts recommend working with children daily using the following exercises:

• name words to the baby, and his task is to say what letter they begin with;
• give your child a task: name words whose first letter is only A, B, P and others;
• change the rules a little: let the baby tell you the letter with which the word ends;
• name words, it’s better to start with short ones with one or two syllables. The baby’s task is to find the right sound. For example, mom says that we need to determine whether words have the sound “a” and calls different words, as soon as a word with the desired sound is encountered, the baby must repeat it. Teachers recommend starting this game with vowel sounds, which are easier for children to identify, and only then moving on to consonants.

Quick and easy ways to teach your child to read syllables

First of all, the child must know all the letters. Experts recommend that parents study not the names of letters, but the sounds immediately. For example, not “er” but the sound<р>etc. You should start with vowel sounds; as soon as the baby masters and remembers them, you can move on to consonants.

It should be clearly understood that for reading it is the sounds that are needed, not the names of the letters. If a child remembers only letters, it will be very difficult for him to relearn and perceive only sounds.

Today there are many methods and ways in which parents can teach a future student to read. Let's look at the most popular of them.

We connect letters into syllables using N. Zhukova’s ABC book

1. You can learn no more than one sound every day. Before introducing a new one, it is necessary to repeat all the previous ones so that the baby does not forget them.
2. After successfully memorizing all the sounds, you can try to compose syllables. You need to start with one consonant and one main sound. The first syllables must be composed of sonorant consonants: m, r, n, l and vowels. When the child masters these skills, you can try syllables with hissing sounds.
3. Don't rush while composing syllables. Children often have difficulty figuring out how to say sounds together rather than separately. To do this, you need to exercise every day for at least 10 minutes to achieve a positive result.
4. First, the parents read the syllable, then the child repeats it. After some time, the baby will understand the principle of composing syllables from sounds.

Before you start learning to read, you need to decide on a textbook. N. Zhukova’s primer is perfect for children. Children study using this primer at school, so purchasing it will not be superfluous. Many teachers use Zhukova’s method and achieve excellent results. The principle of teaching reading is based on “running letters”, i.e. on the pages of the book the letters tend to meet each other. This is done so that the child understands: you cannot read by pronouncing sounds separately from each other. The correct reading of syllables is to pronounce the sounds together.

The principle that underlies Zhukova’s technique is the gradual combination of two sounds into a syllable. For example, “MA”: first you need to pronounce the first sound “mmmmmm…” in a drawn-out manner and add “a” at the end. Then we shorten the first sound, and the second, on the contrary, must be extended: “maaaaaaa.” As soon as the child learns to combine both sounds and pronounce them together, you can not stretch out the sounds, but pronounce one syllable.

For parents, at the end of each page there are tips on how to properly work with your child while learning to read. You should definitely pay attention to them.

Reading syllables according to Zhukova's ABC book - video

Learning to read using Zaitsev's cubes

Using this method, children do not study sounds separately, but then compose them into syllables. They immediately remember the whole syllable that is written on one side of the cube. Children work exclusively with blocks and only in game form.

The principle of this technique is that the child remembers visually, memorizes a whole syllable, and then learns to compose a word from the syllables.

But this technique has one drawback: the child may encounter problems learning to read at school. The fact is that according to the school curriculum, children are first taught letters and sounds, then they form syllables from them, and then the syllables are combined into words. A child who memorized and learned two letters at once with the help of cubes does not understand the principle of the classical teaching method.

The principle of Zaitsev's technique - video

What to do if a child does not understand how to put words into syllables

It often happens that the baby simply cannot understand how to pronounce two sounds together without separating them. Experts warn that parents should not allow such pronunciation of syllables. If a child gets used to saying “mea” instead of “ma,” it will be extremely difficult to retrain him; it may take months, and we absolutely do not need this. Teachers offer parents several ways to help their baby quickly understand how to correctly read two sounds together:

• sing syllables: this method is very effective; children quickly understand how to read a syllable if it is sung. But the task of adults is to prevent the child from getting used to singing. As soon as the baby becomes familiar with the syllable and remembers it well, invite him to simply read this syllable. By alternating activities in this way: the child reads familiar syllables and sings new ones, the baby will quickly learn to pronounce two sounds together;
• resort to the help of visual aids: educational cartoons are very helpful, where bright syllables appear on the screen and the author’s voice voices them;
• buy your child a magnetic alphabet: let him make up syllables from familiar sounds;
• On the wall you can hang a syllabic table, regular or with sound accompaniment. In the first case, the parents pronounce the syllables, and the child repeats them, and in the second, the child himself can click on the desired syllable, and the author will name it.

Do not forget that each child is individual, so the pace of learning to read syllables may differ for each child. Parents should be patient and not rush the baby. The main condition for successfully mastering the skill of reading is regular practice. Let them be short-lived, but daily and a positive result is guaranteed.

Games for learning to read by syllables

Psychologists and teachers unanimously say that better results in the learning process can be achieved if classes are held in a playful way. Every child loves to play, so it will be interesting for him to learn syllables during the game. There are many different games that will surely interest your little student.

1. Draw or print on cards any transport that your child likes best, for example, a bus or train. Make as many cards as the child knows vowel sounds, and write one vowel letter on each. Invite your little one to ride these letters, but in the company of friends. Now you can substitute one consonant for each vowel to get “BA”, “BO”, “BE”, “BI”, “BYA”, etc. Then the consonant letters need to be changed so that the child remembers other combinations of sounds. Moreover, consonants can be placed both before and after the main ones, forming different syllables.
2. Let's be friends: children love to make new friends, so you can invite your baby to make friends with different sounds. In order to interest the child, make the image of the beeches a little more interesting: draw a girl and a boy, or a dog and a cat, or other animals, and attach one letter to their clothes. Let the child put two letters together, as if introducing them and pronouncing a syllable so that they become friends. Bright and colorful images are more quickly remembered in the baby’s mind.
3. Games with cards. You can draw it yourself or buy a ready-made kit. The goal of this game is to form a word so that you also get a picture - an image of an animal or object. But first, you can ask your child to add only individual syllables and pronounce them. A little later you can move on to compiling short words, and then - long ones.

Using their imagination and knowing the preferences and interests of the baby, parents can come up with many games that will help the baby quickly master reading syllables. It all depends on the desire of the child and the patience of adults, who should gently guide the future student to regular reading lessons.

Educational cartoon for children: learning syllables - video

1. Play more with your child, he should perceive the activities as fun time, not a duty.
2. Never force your child to read, this will negatively affect the learning process. It’s better to show by example that reading is wonderful and exciting. Children repeat a lot after adults.
3. Always repeat the material you have covered, so your baby will remember the syllables better.
4. Exercise at any time free time: while walking down the street, play syllables, etc. The more often you work with your baby, the faster he will remember the syllables and begin to form words.
5. More variety: don't stop at just the ABC book or syllable chart. Play educational videos and cartoons for your child.
6. Read together: Develop a ritual of reading aloud to your baby before bed or at lunch. Invite your child to read one word and you finish the sentence. Gradually, the baby will want to read more: phrases, and then sentences.
7. Don't take breaks from reading: try to study every day for at least a few minutes. If the child is not in the mood to perceive information in a playful way, repeat with him the material already covered, the syllables familiar to him.
8. Get your child interested: write him a note and let him try to read it, or come up with a quest-style game where the clues are written on cards. If the child reads everything and understands the tasks, a prize awaits him.
9. You shouldn’t scold children: if they can’t read, just be patient and explain once, twice, three times, as long as it takes. Encourage your child so that he does not lose the desire to move on.
10. Be sure to encourage the baby: praise him, give him gifts, buy what he has long wanted. The child must know what his efforts bring positive results and he will strive to the next heights. Motivation - The best way stimulate your baby's interest in reading.

Features of learning depending on the age of the child

Although many experts do not recommend teaching children to read until they are 5 years old, until they are physically and psychologically ready, a large number of parents prefer to start classes with their children at an earlier age early age, from two to three years old. Some mothers and fathers send their children from the age of one year to children's development centers, where children are taught to read at this age.

The principle of teaching reading to children of different ages - table

Possible consequences of too early and incorrect training

Despite the fact that children's early development centers are so popular today, where children are taught to read, write and count from the first months of life, many neurologists and psychologists note negative consequences for babies. Experts base their point of view on the fact that adults interfere with the baby’s brain activity when he is not yet ready for such a load. And the consequences of this can manifest themselves:

• neuroses, hysterics and aggressive behavior: the unformed nervous system is not ready to perceive the amount of information that early childhood teachers provide. Therefore, as children grow older, they sleep poorly, become nervous, and prone to aggression and inappropriate behavior. These are symptoms of nervous system overload, so this situation requires consultation with a doctor;
• functional disorders in the functioning of the brain: this manifests itself in the child’s complete lack of interest in learning. Moreover, teachers never tire of repeating that a child can learn, grasps everything from the first minutes, has good memory and logic, but he has no desire or desire to do anything. This is due to early stress on brain activity and with age, the body seems to protect itself from overexertion and overload of information, although it is already ready to perceive it;
• Some children have significantly reduced chances and opportunities to fully develop their intellectual potential.

Many teachers and psychologists insist that teaching children to read before they are four or five years old is not only undesirable, but also dangerous. At an early age, children are not ready to perceive and differentiate the sounds that they need to know to master reading. If you teach a child to read before the age of four, then he will develop an ineffective reading mechanism, i.e. the baby simply visually remembers words and syllables, but is not able to understand how to put letters into syllables. This mechanism of perception remains at an older age. And it is very difficult to re-teach a child the correct principle of reading.

Neuroscientists confirm that the negative consequences of early learning to read can appear later in life, for example, when it is time for a child to start school. The baby begins to get sick often and develops allergies. In some cases, children may be diagnosed with nervous tension, clumsiness, and lack of coordination. Therefore, experts insist that there is no need to push the time: the child will learn to read when he is ready for it, and you should not overload the baby’s brain in order to avoid negative consequences for his health.

Why children should not be taught to read too early - video

Parents are the main helpers of children on the path to learning to read. The baby trusts his mother, because he is used to her reading fairy tales and various stories to him. Many experts and teachers insist that there is no need to rush and try to teach a child to read at one year old who cannot yet speak. The baby must be completely ready to begin to perceive letters and sounds. Gradually, you can introduce the baby to letters, then syllables, and then words. Conduct all classes in a playful way so that the child is interested. And also do not forget to encourage your child and then the success of the learning process is guaranteed to you.

How to teach a child to read syllables at home if he does not go to school kindergarten And educational group? School programs They become more complex every year, and by the first grade the child should confidently read syllables. Without this skill, it will be difficult to study at school; the child will not be able to fully master the program and will suffer from an inferiority complex. Mom should make sure that by the first grade the child already has basic knowledge of reading and adding/subtracting simple numbers.

How to teach your child to read syllables on your own? What do you need to have for this, and is it possible to cope with the training? At home, children feel more comfortable and confident, and to help mothers, bookstores sell educational and methodological manuals to develop speech skills. However, it is impossible to teach reading without knowing the alphabet! Therefore, the very first task for the mother will be to teach the child letters. There are also special techniques for this: Zaitsev’s cubes, rough letters by M. Montessori, etc.

When to start teaching a child to read and write, at what age? This question does not have a clear answer. Reading should be taught when the child is psychologically ready to learn methodological material. Mom herself can understand this or family psychologist. Contrary to the idea of ​​the usefulness of early development, you should not teach your child science at the wrong time - he should have a full-fledged childhood. However, it is also wrong to delay the learning process. Usually, from the age of five, children begin to show a conscious interest in everything new, and at this moment you can easily impart the necessary knowledge into them.

Ophthalmologists are also opponents of too early training. They believe that straining the optic nerve during early learning can harm the baby. At five/six years old, the child has already formed the visual center responsible for visual acuity (ciliary muscle), so reading should be taught no earlier than this age period. If a mother is concerned about the health of her child's eyes, she should visit an ophthalmologist and have her baby's vision checked.

Psychologists are also opponents of early learning. They argue that conscious perception of educational material is possible only from the age of seven. Until this time, it is possible to teach a child only in a playful way, without burdening his psyche with responsibility for the educational process. The consequences of learning too early can be:

• nervous tics;
• violation of speech functions;
• communication problems;
• mental stuttering;
• unconscious fear;
• neuroses of varying intensity;
• repetitive obsessive movements.

Important! Don't try to make your child a genius. It is more important to preserve his physical and psycho-emotional health.

Readiness to learn

How do you know that your baby is ready to master knowledge and learn to read syllables? Signs that a child is ready to learn:

• knows how to formulate coherent sentences;
• knows how to clearly express his thoughts in words;
• the child does not have speech disorders of a speech therapy nature;
• the baby coordinates his movements well and orients himself in space;
• The baby can distinguish certain sounds (phonemes) in words.

The child’s brain must be developed enough to not only see the letter, but also understand its meaning. It is not enough to see and hear - it is important to be able to understand what is seen and heard.

And this process is formed not in the organs of vision/hearing, but in the brain. The child sees a cube with a picture and associates the picture with the letter being studied. This process of brain activity. Until the brain is able to comprehend what it sees, it will be difficult to teach reading.

The first exercise in learning to read can be a cube with a picture and a written letter. The child sees a picture of a watermelon, is able to identify the sound “A” in a word, and realizes that the letter “A” is associated with a picture of a watermelon. Mom hides cube “A” and asks the child to quickly find it among the other cubes. If the baby begins to consciously look for the “A” cube, it means that he is ready to master the educational material and will learn to read syllables quite quickly.

Important! If your child cannot quickly find the cube, help him with the search. Next time he will feel more confident and will cope with the task easily.

Teaching Methodology

• learn all the letters one by one;
• pronounce two-letter syllables correctly;
• pronounce three-letter syllables correctly;
• learn to correctly combine syllables into simple words;
• learn to correctly connect syllables in complex words.

Important! The entire process of learning to read by syllables should take place in a playful way. You cannot teach a child by force and scold him for misunderstanding.

How to teach how to connect letters into syllables? A syllable always consists of vowels and consonants, so it is important to first teach how to recognize and correctly articulate vowel sounds. There are few of them, and it’s easy to start learning to read with them. Then you need to study consonant sounds: first the most common ones - “m”, “p”, “b”, etc. This is important so that the baby can make up his first words - mom, dad, baba.

To teach a child to form syllables and read syllables, you cannot name consonant sounds with additional sounds. For example, we learn the sound “p”, but do not call it “pe”. Let the baby say “p”, then combine it with the vowel “a”: the syllable “pa” will be obtained. Then explain to the baby that these two sounds need to be pronounced together (sing them).

A common mistake in learning is reading syllables with clear articulation of individual sounds: m-a-m-a.

It is necessary to learn to pronounce the syllable together. It will be a great pleasure for the child to compose and pronounce the first word in his life from cubes - “pa-pa”.

In order for the learning process to receive an additional incentive, you need to clearly show your child the fruits of his efforts. What should I do? Teach how to correctly read and pronounce vowel sounds and part of the consonants (p, b, m) and explain that these letters make up the word “mom” or “dad”. There is no need to learn the entire alphabet - just get to practice! With this method, children aged five/six years old quickly master reading.

Important! When the baby masters words made from repeated syllables (pa-pa, ma-ma, ba-ba), you can begin to learn compound words made from several unequal syllables.

Reading books

When your child masters reading and writing with blocks, you can move on to reading a book. The book should be bright, colorful, with capital letters: so that a child of five/six years old does not strain his eyesight. You need to train your child to quickly find familiar syllables “ma”, “pa”, “ba” and others in a book.

To prevent your child from losing a line, teach him to follow what is written with a pointer or finger: let him show what he is reading about. A big mistake is reading all the words at once. The baby learns to sing syllables and begins to sing all the words read in a row, without making semantic pauses. Break this habit and explain that you need to take a break between words.

It is advisable to purchase several books with different fonts. It often happens that a five/six year old child quickly loses the ability to recognize letters written in a different font. Explain that letters can be written large or small, straight or slanted.

If the information is presented correctly, a child from the age of five will learn to read any text.

1. Buy from a bookstore best technique to quickly teach a five/six year old child to read.
2. Set aside special time for reading and stick to a strict routine - this will help your child develop organization skills.
3. Start each new lesson by repeating the material from the previous lesson - this will allow your child to feel confident in their knowledge.
4. Remember that the child’s attention is not stable, and he is not able to concentrate on learning to read syllables for more than 15-20 minutes.
5. Praise your child more for the smallest achievements - this will inspire him to learn to read.

In order for the baby to quickly master and remember information, you should connect educational material with practice.

For example, having learned the letter “A”, you need to ask the child to find it everywhere - on posters and store signs while walking, in books and any other texts. The baby will be happy to play hide and seek with the letter “A” and enjoy finding it. A child of five/six years old should be taught in a relaxed playful way, attracting his interest in this process.

Important! Practice shows that at home you can quickly teach reading and counting to a five/six year old child. The main thing is to be patient and find 10-15 minutes every day for this important activity.