Peeling is a procedure that involves exfoliating the upper keratinized cells of the epidermis. Facial peeling will help improve and refresh your facial skin, remove unevenness and other imperfections. But the benefits and harms of this rather aggressive effect on the dermis are not known to everyone.
In this article we will tell you what peeling does, how it is useful, and what contraindications there are for this cosmetic procedure.
Types of peeling
The most harmless means for cleansing the skin include facial scrubs. They are easy to prepare yourself. As a rule, scrubs purchased in a store include the following grinding particles:
- chopped apricot kernels;
- sea salt;
- coffee powder, etc.
Currently, cosmetology offers wide choose peeling procedures. There are several options:
- Laser. It is quite expensive and is performed only under anesthesia.
- Chemical. The procedure uses toxic solutions, the process itself lasts about 2 hours.
- Physical. Removing dead particles using laser or cold.
- Mechanical. For this process, special equipment is used.
- Fruit. Is the most common.
- Ultrasonic. Produced with a special scrubber preparation. The exposure process lasts about half an hour.
These types of peeling are carried out in beauty salons. It is worth noting that this is not the entire list, because technology does not stand still. The beauty industry is constantly discovering new products and methods for cleansing facial skin. Based on its effect, peeling is divided into:
- surface;
- median;
- deep.
The latter type is considered the most complex procedure, which involves removing almost the entire top layer of skin. The choice of the degree of exposure depends on the age and condition of the dermis.
The benefits of cosmetic procedures
After peeling, facial skin becomes smooth, firm and elastic. After such exposure, the process of skin restoration begins, that is, it is naturally renewed and looks even better. A competent cosmetologist will tell you which type of procedure is right for you. Immediately after the first peeling you can notice that:
- greasy shine disappears;
- small wrinkles disappear;
- the skin becomes firm and elastic;
- scars, cicatrices, blackheads become less noticeable;
- age spots fade.
Harm and contraindications
So, we figured out what the benefits of peeling are. But this procedure also has contraindications:
- various inflammations on the skin of the face;
- pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- allergy to the peeling composition;
- herpes in acute stage;
- wounds and damage to the skin of the face;
- skin cancer;
- taking certain medications;
- hair removal (at least a week should pass after this procedure).
You should also know that after some types of this procedure you cannot stay in the sun for a long time, much less sunbathe. Therefore, it is best to cleanse your skin in autumn or winter.
Women whose skin is predisposed to the formation of scars and scars are better off avoiding this type of procedure. Even superficial facial peeling should be done no more than 2 times a week, otherwise the skin will become very thin. It is imperative to give your face rest after this kind of impact on the dermis.
If you decide to perform facial peeling yourself, then you must be sure to maintain sterility and strictly follow all the rules and recommendations of a specialist. Before carrying out, consult a dermatologist. Only he will be able to determine what type of skin you have and choose the right type of procedure if it is, for example, a chemical effect. In the case of ultrasonic or laser peeling, the specialist must provide guidance for setting the device to the desired strength of the wave or laser radiation.
Remember what miraculous properties This procedure hides skin microtraumas. The true picture of what happens to the skin after such exposure can only be observed under a microscope.
Excessively frequent peeling leads to thinning and early aging of the skin. An incorrectly performed procedure can cause the appearance of spider veins and the formation of a scar at the site of acid exposure. In general, there can be a lot of discussion about whether peeling is harmful or beneficial for the skin.
Peeling is a rather aggressive procedure; if done incorrectly, it can cause allergies, skin injuries, inflammatory processes and scarring. If this process is carried out in unsanitary conditions, then this can lead to irreparable consequences for the dermis. That is why this procedure should be performed in a clinic or beauty salon by a competent and experienced specialist.
In order not to put your skin at risk, it is much better to pay attention to the prevention of problems and daily care. Search our articles best recipes home remedies that will successfully replace expensive and rather dangerous salon procedures.
For many women, using homemade cosmetic masks has long become the norm. As for the chemical peeling procedure, it has not yet gained such popularity, although the effect is simply amazing. We invite you to talk about this in more detail.
Chemical peeling and its mechanisms of action
The term “peeling” (from the English to peel - remove the skin) refers to a cosmetic procedure aimed at removing dead skin cells. Among various types peeling, a special place is occupied by chemical peeling, for which acids of organic origin are used: fruit, carbolic and trichloroacetic. With the help of acids, damage or destruction of the epidermis is achieved. In other words, the peeling mixture, no matter what recipe is used for it, provokes a burn of the facial skin, but not traumatic, but controlled by a cosmetologist.
Cells get stressed and begin to actively renew themselves. As a result of these processes, new collagen and elastin are synthesized, the skin of the face thickens, becomes healthy and elastic. These mechanisms of the action of acids on the epidermis were first studied by the German dermatologist Unna Paul Gerzon at the end of the 19th century. Since then, organic acids have been actively used for medicinal and cosmetic purposes.
Chemical peeling has a complex effect on the skin, allowing you to achieve several goals: cleanse the skin, remove dying cells, refresh the complexion, get rid of wrinkles, scars and stretch marks, make the sebaceous glands work better, speed up blood circulation in the skin.
Cosmetic indications for acid peeling
Chemical facial peeling can solve the following cosmetic problems:
Hyperpigmentation, freckles;
post-traumatic scars;
scars formed after squeezing out acne (post-acne);
stretch marks;
ingrown hairs;
fading, aging skin, wrinkles, sagging folds.
Types of chemical peeling
Depending on the level of damage to the layers of the epidermis, superficial, medium and deep peelings are distinguished. Before we talk about them in more detail, let’s look at the structure of facial skin.
As you can see, it consists of several layers. If you use acid to influence the upper (horny) layer of the epidermis, then this will be a superficial peeling. It simply removes dead cells that do not provide any benefit. With medium peeling, facial skin cells are destroyed at a deeper level - directly in the epidermis. When deep peeling is carried out, the entire epidermis is rejected down to the dermis.
Acids for various types of peeling
It was already mentioned above that the procedure involves the use of fruit acids, as well as phenolic and trichloroacetic acids.
1. Fruit acids (mandelic, glycolic, pyruvic, malic) – ideal remedy for superficial chemical peeling, which is recommended for young skin. They have a good exfoliating effect and practically eliminate discomfort during the procedure. Moreover, facial skin is moisturized due to accelerated renewal of the epidermis.
2. Trichloroacetic (sometimes salicylic) acid is most often used for superficial-medium peeling. This procedure solves the problems of age-related changes in facial skin: stretch marks, scars, hyperpigmentation, wrinkles. Sometimes its effectiveness is compared to laser resurfacing.
3. Carbolic acid (phenol) is used for deep peeling, a radical and dangerous procedure, similar to surgery under anesthesia and comparable to a 3rd degree burn. Under the influence of phenol, the entire epidermis is rejected, which is not only painful, but also risky: infection and toxic effects of acid on the liver and kidneys are possible. After the procedure, long-term rehabilitation is also necessary.
Possibility to carry out the procedure at home
If peeling is compared to a burn to the face, then it is quite clear that this is far from harmless. cosmetic procedure. Neither deep nor medium types of chemical peeling can be performed at home. They are very effective, they solve problems radically and for a long time, but they are done in hospitals and under the supervision of specialists.
As for superficial peeling, it can be done at home after consultation with cosmetologists, since such a procedure poses virtually no danger. Superficial chemical peeling in a beauty salon is most often carried out using glycolic (hydroxyacetic) acid. For home procedures You can use drugs such as calcium chloride or salicylic acid.
Recipes for peeling mixtures at home
With calcium chloride
For the simplest procedure, just buy calcium chloride (5 or 10% solution), prepare a sponge and baby soap. Apply the solution to a face cleansed of makeup using a sponge, then lather the same cotton swab with baby soap and work the face in a circular motion, holding massage lines. Literally you will immediately discover that particles of the stratum corneum of the skin remain on the soapy tampon. Then you need to rinse off the soap and apply a cream with a moisturizing effect. This procedure should be done no more than once every 10 days.
With salicylic acid
A very simple and affordable peeling recipe based on the use of a regular tablet. acetylsalicylic acid, which is in every first aid kit. You need to drip on it a small amount of water, and when the tablet begins to granulate, add a little honey to it, about ½ teaspoon. Mix and massage the mixture onto the skin, leave for a few minutes, and then rinse with warm water.
And another simple recipe
Prepare a mixture of 30 g of camphor alcohol, the same amount of glycerin, 10 g of boric acid, 2 tablets of hydroperite. Plane a little into the mixture baby soap, stir until it becomes a foamy cream. This mixture should be applied to the skin, and after drying, rinse off first with calcium chloride (10% solution), and then with warm water.
This simple chemical peeling at home improves skin condition:
pores are cleaned of dirt and grease;
small scars and acne marks are smoothed out;
the skin becomes well-groomed and healthy looking;
the number of wrinkles decreases.
Certainly, home peeling somewhat weaker than those carried out by cosmetologists, but it also gives an excellent effect.
Contraindications
Before starting the procedure and choosing a peeling recipe, you need to know about some contraindications, namely:
the presence of serious inflammation and open wounds on the skin;
neoplasms;
herpes in the active phase;
cardiovascular diseases;
mental disorders.
In addition, peeling with acid is not recommended in the summer, with active sun, because it can provoke the appearance of pigment spots.
What else do you need to remember?
1. Before the procedure, an allergy test for the drug that will be used is required.
2. The selected preparation is always applied in a thin layer to avoid burns.
3. Do not apply the mixture to the skin around the eyes.
4. It is recommended to carry out chemical peeling no more than 3 times a month.
Posted in
Modern rejuvenation procedure removes upper layer epidermis. The benefits and harms of facial peeling are not known to everyone. Not every skin tolerates extreme procedures completely painlessly. Presumably, exfoliation of dead skin cells refreshes the face, eliminates wrinkles, age spots, and unevenness. The beauty industry is developing quite dynamically and new peeling technologies are constantly emerging.
There are a number of manipulations that relate to this type of rejuvenation. The principle of operation is different in each case. But in any case, the upper layer of the epidermis is almost entirely replaced with a new one. The main thing is to avoid any damage or burns to your face. All manipulations should be performed extremely carefully so that instead of improving the appearance of the skin, you do not disfigure yourself.
Types of cleaning
The benefits and harms of facial peeling are of interest to all women. Let's consider this issue in more detail.
There are several peeling options:
- chemical;
- physical;
- biological;
- ultrasonic;
- mechanical;
Classifying the procedure according to the principle of action, peelings are divided into three types:
- superficial when keratinized crusts are removed;
- median, removes the entire upper part of the epidermis;
- deep– a difficult procedure that involves removing an entire part of the skin.
Danger or benefit?
Opinions are divided as to whether this procedure brings more harm or benefit. It is very difficult to answer unequivocally. In many cases, clear benefits have been found. But in some cases, irreparable harm was recorded. Burn marks remained on the face, tightening scars. This usually happens from chemical peeling.
Some patients who visited the beauty salon claim that this manipulation rejuvenates the skin, refreshes it, smoothes it, reduces the depth of wrinkles, improves vascular permeability and oxygen supply. Therefore it improves appearance face
Other visitors to beauty salons are confident that harsh cleaning injures the epidermis and disrupts the natural process of skin renewal.
What's the point?
This manipulation is deep cleansing upper skin, removing dead skin cells using different means. It is better to do this procedure with a professional cosmetologist, but you can do it yourself, at home. The idea remains the same: you are peeling off the top layer of skin.
Dead cells cover skin covering an invisible crust that impedes the penetration of oxygen to the lower layers of the epidermis and interferes with the process of regeneration and renewal. Nutritional and useful material creams and masks do not penetrate this crust.
After removing the dead crust, the skin has the opportunity to breathe and recover faster. The body perceives the disappearance of horny cells as a signal for accelerated cell regeneration, which leads to facial renewal. At the same time, scars, age spots, burn marks, plastic surgery, blackheads from acne, and wrinkles are polished.
Benefits of cleansing. If you take all precautions during the procedure for cleansing the skin, use high-quality chemical preparations, working equipment in the case of using ultrasound or other instrumental options, then the result is only positive. Eliminating dead cells allows the skin to breathe. Increased blood circulation rejuvenates the face.
Ultrasound procedure
Recently, the procedure for cleansing the upper layer of the epidermis using ultrasound has become popular. The skin is cleansed in a special way before the procedure. Then the working area is covered with a special agent that conducts ultrasonic waves. As a result, all dirt is removed from the surface of the skin. After this, the pores are easily restored to normal operation. Unlike ultrasound, after a laser, pores take longer to recover, which often leads to inflammatory processes and the appearance of ulcers.
It is especially recommended to do peeling using ultrasonic equipment for women over mature age. Due to the fact that ultrasound improves blood circulation, the skin after manipulation becomes smooth and renewed.
Danger of procedures. On the one hand, it's easy to think that exfoliation is a miracle cleanser that keeps your face looking smooth and beautiful all the time. But at the same time, it’s practically a little plastic surgery. During any plastic surgery, the slightest erroneous movement can cause irreparable consequences.
During chemical cleaning, you can overdo it with the acid concentration. When a hardware procedure is carried out, errors occur with the adjustment of the wave or beam strength.
Carefully!
You cannot do the procedure if there are ulcers, wounds, scratches, or abrasions on your face. IN otherwise ulcers can spread over a larger area.
Cosmetologists do not recommend peeling too often. The skin should be completely restored before the next cleansing session. If you clean the epidermis more than twice a week, it becomes depleted. Dry skin ages earlier; instead of rejuvenation, you will get early facial aging and a network of wrinkles all over your face.
When performing cleansing yourself, at home, maintain sterility and strictly follow the recommendations of professionals.
Before you decide to undergo such a harsh facial test, consult a dermatologist. You should make sure that your skin is completely healthy. The doctor must make an accurate diagnosis. You need to find out exactly what kind of skin you have: oily, combination, dry, too delicate, prone to inflammation, irritation.
Once the professional knows exactly everything about your face, he should make a recommendation on what type of peeling you should use. would be better suited. If it is chemical, what concentration of the composition should be used. In the case of a hardware procedure, the cosmetologist must give a guideline for adjusting the strength of the ultrasound wave or laser radiation.
The benefits and harms of facial peeling remain a controversial issue for us. One thing is clear to everyone: you need to take care of your face. To look fresh and young, you need to eat well, get enough sleep, rest, go to fresh air, exercise. Be sure to follow all the rules of normal hygiene of body and clothing. There are many recipes for caring for the skin of the face, neck and décolleté at home. Masks and scrubs from natural products, fruit purees, fragrant, nourishing oils allow you to maintain your beauty in amazing condition.
Peeling is a procedure for exfoliating the stratum corneum of the epidermis. This unique effect on the dermis helps tidy up its appearance, refreshes it, and improves the complexion of the face. But not everyone knows the harm of peeling, since there is a rather aggressive effect on the skin layer. Before the session, you must consult with a cosmetologist.
Benefits of peeling: what is the effect on the skin
In order to appreciate the full benefits of the procedure, you need to understand that the technique is aimed at complete deep cleansing of the skin, eliminating excess sebaceous glands and polluting agents. The effectiveness of the session is noted in the following:
1. Cleansing the epidermis. There is a weakening of the intercellular connections of the stratum corneum. Thanks to this, keratinized particles are removed. The same reaction is also observed in relation to lard. The dermis is cleaned of excess surface elements. The structure becomes smooth and a healthy skin tone is noticed.
2. Rejuvenation of the epidermis. A complete renewal of the surface layers of the skin is observed. The process of cell regeneration starts. Thanks to this, new and healthy cells are formed. Activation of internal factors causes active production of elastin and collagen. As a result, the skin becomes more elastic and elastic. Some shallow wrinkles are eliminated.
3. Normalizing the functioning of the sebaceous glands. Experts recommend sessions for those patients whose skin is too oily. Thanks to the procedure, you can not only clear clogged pores of natural secretions, but also narrow the lumens and improve the functioning of the sebaceous glands. The full course eliminates acne and acne, restores the natural beauty of the dermis.
4. Elimination of skin defects. Peeling is very often used by specialists to eliminate scars and scars. Especially, the procedure helps to cope with those scars that have arisen as a result of acne or age spots.
Cosmetology procedure has a lot of advantages and brings mostly benefits, but only if it is carried out correctly.
The benefits of peeling: the procedure against teenage complexes
The superficial procedure is a soft and gentle procedure, the effect of which is aimed at eliminating the keratinized layer of the dermis. Microelements affect only 0.06 mm of the skin. Such an effect is completely sufficient for gentle and gentle cleansing and renewal of the dermis. During such a session, no third-party reactions occur.
Superficial peels help combat the following problems:
Dull complexion;
Light pigmentation after prolonged exposure to sunlight;
Clogged and enlarged pores;
Excessive greasiness of the skin;
Acne disease.
It is still necessary to consult a specialist before the procedure.
Medium peeling: benefits of the procedure and why it is necessary
With this type of peeling, a specialist can affect as little as 0.45 mm of skin thickness. Active components, light and ultrasonic waves affect epidermal cells and the top layer of skin. In addition to aesthetic problems, mid-peeling helps to cope with age-related changes. This procedure is most often prescribed by cosmetologists. women aged 30-35 years to cope with such age-related changes:
Age wrinkles;
Pigment spots that are too dark;
Rosacea and rosacea;
Flabbiness of the epidermis;
Drooping of facial tissues;
Lumpiness and density of the dermis.
The best way Rejuvenation is achieved by peelings carried out using acid solutions and hardware procedures. The first results are already noted after 2-3 sessions. But women from the age of 30 can feel all the benefits.
Deep peeling: benefits and alternative to plastic surgery
Cosmetologists consider deep peelings to be the real alternative to surgical plastic surgery. This is a replacement for the construction of a subcutaneous frame made of gold threads. This method is distinguished by its pain and presence large quantity contraindications. This is due to the fact that during the session the specialist acts on 0.6 mm of the skin. The entire stratum corneum of the dermis, the reticular layer, is destroyed.
The deep type of peeling is performed only under local anesthesia. It is prohibited to carry out the procedure women under 45-50 years old. The procedure helps to get rid of:
Deep folds and wrinkles;
Grayish and yellowish shades of the dermis;
Dark hyperpigmentation;
Loss of dermis tone and elasticity;
The dermis is brightened;
The microrelief of the dermis improves;
Scars caused by acne;
Visual rejuvenation effect.
Deep peelings help polish the stratum corneum of the skin, which makes it difficult for the dermis to breathe. After the procedure, regeneration and nutrition of the epidermis are observed.
Peeling harm: contraindications to the procedure
Like any procedure, peeling has its contraindications. It is prohibited to conduct a session when:
Various inflammations on the face;
Skin cancer;
Epilation (at least 7 days must pass after the procedure);
Taking certain medications;
Wounds and damage to the epidermis of the face;
Allergic reactions on the composition of the peeling;
Carrying a baby and the period of breastfeeding;
Herpes in the acute stage.
After the procedure, it is prohibited to spend a certain period of time under the sun, and even more so to sunbathe in direct sunlight. Those ladies who have a tendency to form scars should refuse the session. The procedure should be carried out no more than twice a week, since the skin becomes very thin. Be sure to give your skin a rest after such an aggressive impact on it.
If a woman decides to carry out peeling on her own, then it is necessary to observe sterility and all the recommendations of a specialist. In this case, no harm will be done to the body. Before performing any action, be sure to consult a dermatologist. Only this specialist will determine the type of dermis and help you choose the right session so that only benefits are obtained.
It is important to know that behind the unique effect are hidden microtraumas of the dermis. Excessive peeling leads to severe thinning of the dermis and premature aging. If the session is not carried out correctly, a capillary network may appear and a scar may appear.
Peeling is a very aggressive procedure that can provoke allergies, scars, and acute inflammatory processes. If the actions were carried out in unsanitary conditions, this can lead to irreparable consequences for the epidermis. That is why this procedure should only be performed in a clinic by a specialist.
The benefit of facial peeling is to renew and cleanse the skin. The harm from it comes down to side effects that disappear after 1–4 weeks. Renewal of the epidermis allows you to even out skin tone, give it a healthy glow and smooth out uneven surface texture.
Accumulate on the surface of the skin dead cells, which complicate the deep penetration of oxygen. Its deficiency causes slow blood circulation. The complexion becomes dull and premature wrinkles appear. The stratum corneum prevents access of cosmetic components to the middle level of the skin - the dermis. She suffers from a lack of hydration and nutrients.
Facial peeling, the benefits and harms of which are correlated with the severity of side effects, must be selected according to your skin type. For sensitive skin Gentle exfoliation that does not injure the tissue is suitable. Thick skin requires potent formulations with a high concentration of active ingredients.
Effect of peeling on facial skin
During peeling, deep cleansing of the epidermis occurs. Its top layer, consisting of keratinized cells, is removed. This accelerates tissue regeneration. As a result, the skin smoothes and becomes younger. Metabolic processes in tissues are normalized, which reduces fat production. Pigmentation lightens and blood circulation increases. Skin tone is evened out. 
Scrubs act on the surface of the skin mechanically. They contain hard particles that remove dead horn cells. Chemical components soften the top layer of skin and dissolve deep impurities. The hardware technique removes non-viable cells using ultrasound and laser radiation.
Indications for testing
The procedure is aimed at solving a number of problems, therefore the following indications are defined for it:
To achieve a lasting result, a course of procedures is required.
Benefit or harm
Facial peeling, the benefits and harms of which depend on the depth of exposure to the skin, has positive effects:
The deep impact of renewing components on the dermis causes side effects.
Their manifestation is associated with harm from the procedure:
- Skin injury and burn;
- Thinning of the dermis, causing its increased sensitivity;
- Depletion of the cellular resource stored in the hypodermis;
- Early aging;
- The appearance of a vascular network;
- Reduced protective barrier of the epidermis.
A negative reaction develops when peelings are abused. It is enough to carry them out 1-2 times a year.
Contraindications
Peeling should not be performed during exacerbation skin diseases.
Contraindications include:
- Herpes virus;
- Inflammation;
- Dermatitis;
- Damage to skin integrity;
- Allergy to components of renewing products;
- Cardiovascular diseases;
- Impaired blood clotting;
- Diabetes;
- Oncological diseases;
- Pregnancy.
Skin diseases are a contraindication if detected in the area of the procedure.
Types of peeling by depth of influence
The depth of the peeling effect is determined by the degree of penetration of its components into the tissue.
There are 3 types of skin renewal:
The advantage of superficial peeling is safety. It does not damage the skin. The procedure helps to cope with dryness and the first signs of aging. After cleansing, pores narrow and a healthy glow appears.
Superficial renewal is effective for sensitive skin suffering from acne, oiliness or early aging. It is achieved by exposure to fruit acids and scrub. In a medium peel, the epidermal layer of skin is removed. Its renewal begins at the basal level.
The procedure allows you to correct serious cosmetic defects:
- Dark spots;
- Deep wrinkles and creases;
- Age-related tissue ptosis;
- Scar changes.
Medium peeling is carried out chemical acids, laser or abrasive attachment.
Its advantage is enhanced tissue regeneration with a short recovery period. Rehabilitation takes no more than 2 weeks. 1 hour after the procedure, redness and swelling will form on the face. Within a week it looks irritated. Dead tissue begins to peel off. After 7–10 days, new healthy cells form in their place.
Facial peeling, the benefits and harms of which have become the subject of debate among doctors, is called deep peeling and is an analogue of plastic surgery. This effect is explained by the influence of phenol or carbolic acid. The reason for medical criticism was the high toxicity of the substance, but for peeling it is used in minimal quantities.
Deep tissue renewal eliminates age-related changes that occur after 40 years.
The achieved effect lasts up to 10 years:
- Ptosis and jowls disappear;
- Smoothed out deep wrinkles;
- Hyperpigmentation, moles and benign neoplasms disappear.
Phenol peeling is performed in a hospital. The procedure takes about 48 hours. The full recovery period lasts 6 months.
Chemical peeling
Chemical peeling compounds cause burns when applied to the skin. Its intensity depends on the depth of penetration of the active components. When tissues are damaged, the repair process starts and the production of signaling molecules and enzymes is enhanced. Healthy, dense skin without defects forms at the burn site.
Following the renewal of dermal cells, new vascular connections, fibroblasts and glycosaminoglycans are formed. The synthesis of elastic and collagen fibers deep in the dermis is enhanced. The skin becomes hydrated and acquires an even, radiant color. Young skin needs superficial peeling to prevent aging.
When carrying out this procedure, gentle compounds are used that do not penetrate deeper than the upper layer of the epidermis.
Absent after the procedure rehabilitation period.
The components of the median peel act at the level of the basement membrane. They eliminate age-related and pigment imperfections. The stratum corneum is removed after applying the renewing composition, which causes peeling and irritation.. Side effects go away on their own within 1 week. 
Facial peeling, the benefits and harms of which are determined by changes at the basal level, is a deep procedure. It allows you to renew the basement membrane for rejuvenation aging skin. The rehabilitation period is 6 months. During this period, peeling, increased skin sensitivity and discomfort persist.
Negative side peeling is tissue damage, this causes a negative reaction on the face:
- blisters;
- Edema;
- Exacerbation of inflammatory processes.
Before the procedure, anti-inflammatory therapy is necessary to facilitate rehabilitation.
Mechanical peeling
How are they carried out? different types mechanical peeling:
Ultrasonic peeling
Ultrasound peeling is effective for cleansing and strengthening tissue. The technique does not injure the skin, so there is no rehabilitation period. 
Safety does not exclude contraindications:
- Heart and blood diseases;
- Presence of a pacemaker and implants;
- Skin damage and diseases.
The ultrasonic nozzle loosens the epidermis. Its waves destroy bacteria, dissolve comedones and push impurities out of the pores. As a result of heating the subcutaneous tissue, the unevenness of the relief resolves, and blood circulation increases.
Peeling with fruit acids
Peeling compositions with fruit acids act at the surface level. When applied to oily skin active components increase its acidity. This leads to the death of bacteria and normalizes the production of sebaceous secretions. Fruit acids nourish and renew dry skin. Peeling and redness disappear on its surface.
Before using acids, the skin must be cleansed with foam. Peeling layers are applied alternately with a brush. Their number ranges from 2 to 6 depending on the density of the epidermis. The composition remains on the face for 5–15 minutes and is then removed with an alkaline neutralizer.
The benefit of peeling is the renewal and nutrition of cells, and there is no harm to the face.
Facial peeling with fruit acids provides only benefits without harming the skin, so it can be done at home, for example, with a composition of fruits and honey. The procedure can be done at home. The concentration of acids in home remedies does not exceed 10%, so they do not require neutralization. Cosmetologists use 20–50% compositions that actively affect the stratum corneum. Effect of professional means lasts longer.
Glycolic peeling
Peeling with glycolic acid destroys intercellular contacts in the stratum corneum. This allows you to remove dead cells from its surface, increase blood flow and collagen synthesis. New tissues are formed without defects. With frequent use, the skin becomes thin and sensitive, and the tendency to hyperpigmentation increases.
The peeling composition provokes in the skin chemical reaction, which is contraindicated in the presence of:
Glycolic acid acts in the superficial or middle layer of the epidermis. The degree of its penetration is determined by the exposure time on the face. It is effective for shallow wrinkles and comedones. The procedure allows you to lighten surface pigment defects. It is carried out for dryness, peeling and loss of elasticity.
Salicylic peeling
The advantage of salicylic peeling is its high antibacterial activity. Salicylic acid cleanses pores of sebum accumulation and eliminates oily shine. It lightens stagnant spots. The procedure is recommended for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis, hyperkeratosis and acne. With frequent use, salicylic acid dries out the lipid layer.
The peeling composition should include softening fruit acids that reduce harm.
There are contraindications for the procedure:
At salicylic peeling superficial skin renewal occurs. After removing the stratum corneum, it becomes soft and elastic. The procedure is effective for early aging, fresh age spots and disturbances in the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
Hardware peeling
The hardware technique differs in the degree of laser exposure to tissue. In fractional thermolysis, a laser array directs light rays to the basal layer of the dermis. Minimal areas of skin are irradiated, not the entire face. During laser dermabrasion, the cellular layer of the epidermis absorbs the energy of the light beam, which leads to damage and evaporation of the treated tissue. 
Before the procedure, the cosmetologist applies a cooling gel to the face and then treats problem areas with a laser attachment. Hardware peeling allows you to smooth out wrinkles, tighten the oval of your face and completely remove pigmentation. The procedure eliminates spider veins. The laser beam penetrates deep into the tissue, smoothing deep scars and creases.
But for such a depth of influence there are contraindications:
- Epilepsy;
- Diabetes;
- Exacerbation of chronic diseases.
The procedure is effective in combating aging, pigmentation, and changes in relief. If overused, there is a risk of scarring.
Retinoic peeling
The main component of formulations for retinoic or yellow peeling is vitamin A. By interacting with fruit acids, it renews the upper layer of the epidermis. The effect of the procedure is not inferior to medium peeling, while the recovery period is much shorter - 2 days. This is possible thanks to the gentle effects of retinoic acid, which does not harm the skin. 
Peeling with retinoic acid is effective for aging skin. After the procedure, collagen fibers are restored, metabolic processes and blood flow are normalized. The problem of dry skin disappears and the lack of nutritional components is compensated.
Contraindications to yellow peeling are:
- Intolerance to vitamin A, C;
- Fresh tan;
- Liver diseases;
- Age up to 30 years.
Peeling with calcium chloride
Skin cells are subject to natural death. Their accumulation gives the face an unaesthetic appearance. Its relief becomes uneven, the color fades, and the pores become dirty. The benefit of peeling with calcium chloride is to remove dead cells to solve cosmetic problems. During the procedure, microcracks form on the face. A healing cream will help avoid harm.
Peeling is safe in the absence of contraindications:
- Couperose;
- Delicacies of the skin;
- Acne;
- Allergies to active ingredients.
During the procedure, the cosmetologist covers the face with cleansing foam and applies a calcium chloride solution on top. During the massage, pellets are formed that superficially cleanse the stratum corneum. They are washed off with water. You can perform this peeling at home. It is important to avoid the area around the eyes and lips. The procedure is effective for hyperkeratosis, comedones and increased sebum production.
Amber peeling
Peeling with succinic acid strengthens the walls of blood vessels. It has a therapeutic effect on rosacea. The active components have a gentle effect on tissues without causing harm. Contraindications for the procedure are infections and inflammations on the face. 
The peeling composition is applied to cleansed and steamed skin. The holding time of the components ranges from 5 to 15 minutes. Then the product is washed off with water and a moisturizer is applied to the face. Due to the superficial effect, there is no rehabilitation. The procedure is effective for swelling, facial wrinkles and dryness of the epidermis.
Jessner Peel
The Jessner peeling action is based on lactic and salicylic acid, as well as resorcinol. Its components retain moisture in the skin, have a keratolytic effect and whiten the face. Depending on the number of layers, the degree of impact can be superficial or intermediate. After the procedure, itching, swelling and redness of the skin are observed. 
Jessner peeling has contraindications:
- Burns and skin injuries;
- Fungal diseases;
- Inflammation;
- Oncological and autoimmune diseases.
Before applying peeling, the cosmetologist degreases the skin. The composition is distributed from the center of the face to the periphery with a brush. The number of layers is from 1 to 4. After 5 hours, the product must be washed off with water. The procedure is effective for seborrhea and acne. It helps lighten hyperpigmentation. After its implementation, small wrinkles, chips and scars are smoothed out.
How to choose the right procedure
The choice of peeling type is based on the available aesthetic problem and skin type. To get rid of acne, excess oil and clogged pores, chemical treatment is necessary. At age-related changes, scars, hyperpigmentation, hardware treatment or median chemical peels. Ultrasound will help clear pores of blackheads and narrow them.
Fruit acids improve the condition of dry and sensitive skin. Mechanical cleaning indicated for dense epidermis fatty type. For supporting normal skin In a healthy state, home peeling with calcium chloride is suitable.
Recovery period after peeling. How to care for your skin
During the rehabilitation period, it is important not to injure the skin to prevent scarring.
The harm from facial peeling is negligible if proper care for the skin. Benefit in the form of beautiful and healthy skin will become noticeable when the rehabilitation period ends.
Video: facial peeling. Benefits and harms
Facial peeling, find out all the pros and cons of the procedure in the video:
Types of facial peeling in the video:
