IN in public places

In public places

In our country, the concept of a public place is used in the Code of Administrative Offences. Mention of this name is in Article 20.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which describes petty hooliganism, which is formed on the basis of disrespectful attitude towards society and the use of obscene language in public places. Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, Art. 20.20 states that the concept of “public place” should be understood as any objects located individuals. The comments to this article indicate that such objects include public gardens, parks, streets, stadiums, that is, those places where people can hypothetically be present at any time of the day.

What does a public place mean by law?

1. A place where people gather;
2. Any place where people can be present at any time of the day (including entertainment venues).

Thus, we can immediately say that this concept considered to be very multifaceted. After all, initially, any place can be recognized as a public place, since all territories (excluding private ones) can be used by all citizens of the country.

The legislation gives a very clear definition of public places, at the same time, this concept is procedurally not ideal. It is for this reason that it can be interpreted in different ways. Common areas may vary. And in principle, every person is entitled by constitutional right to visit all places in the country. At the same time, there is such a thing as property. And if we are talking about private property, then it cannot be considered a public place, since access to such areas is clearly limited.

Why do we need the concept of “public place”?

In principle, in public places there is a certain crowd of people, precisely for this reason, there is a peculiar need to supervise and control the relationships of citizens in such conditions. Note that the term “public place” itself is found in many federal laws. Even the criminal code contains clauses about committing crimes in public places. Nevertheless, the main concept is introduced into use by the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, where there are several articles that are closely related to the concept of “public place”.

In our country, there is a kind of ban on drinking alcohol in public places. At the same time, the legislation defining this concept is considered very ambiguous in the area of ​​interpretation itself. Thus, it is sometimes extremely difficult to determine from a legal point of view which place is considered public. It is for this reason that the administrations of some regions are trying to issue amendments in the form of resolutions that indicate those places where drinking alcoholic beverages is prohibited. After all, the interpretation of the law determines that any place where strangers appear or may appear is recognized as public. The only exceptions are premises of movable and immovable property that are used for personal purposes and are privately owned.

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Rules of behavior in public places

In public places it is prohibited:

1. Smoking

Citizens are allowed to smoke in designated areas and are prohibited from:

o on the territory and in the premises educational institutions, youth affairs organizations, institutions providing services in the field of culture and sports;

o on the territory of medical, sanatorium-resort and rehabilitation organizations and inside their premises;

o on long-distance trains;

o on long-distance vessels;

o on aircraft;

o in public transport;

o at a distance of less than 15 meters from the entrances to metro stations, bus stations, railway stations, airports, sea and river ports, as well as inside their premises;

o in the premises of residential buildings, hotels and buildings for accommodating temporary residents;

o in buildings social services, government agencies;

o at the workplace;

o in elevators;

o in common areas located inside apartment buildings;

o on the beaches;

o on children's playgrounds;

o on passenger platforms for boarding and disembarking trains;

o at gas stations.

Punishment for smoking in an unauthorized place is provided in the form of a fine, the amount of which is up to 1,500 rubles.

Punishment for smoking on the territory of a children's playground is punishable by a fine of up to 3,000 rubles.

Places designated for smoking must be equipped with the equipment necessary to comply with sanitary standards.

Petty hooliganism

This term means a violation of public order in the form of:

o expressions of disrespect for society,

o obscene language,

o offensive harassment,

o destruction or damage to someone else's property.

Persons brought to administrative responsibility will be punished with a fine of up to 1,000 rubles or arrest for up to 15 days.

If the violator, along with the actions described above, disobeys the request of a government representative, he will face a fine of up to 2,500 rubles or administrative arrest for up to 15 days.

Drinking alcoholic beverages

The penalty for drinking alcohol in an inappropriate place is a fine of up to 1,000 rubles.

4. Use of drugs and psychotropic drugs without a doctor’s prescription, as well as consumption of intoxicating substances

Violators face punishment in the form of a fine of up to 5,000 rubles or arrest for up to 15 days.

If this offense was committed by a foreigner or a stateless person, then in addition to a fine or arrest, the offender will be punished by administrative deportation from the Russian Federation.

Rules for sex in public places

Appearing intoxicated

This offense is punishable by a fine of up to 1,500 rubles or arrest for up to 15 days.

6. Organization of a mass presence of citizens in a public place, which caused a violation of public order

Organizing a mass event that caused:

o violation of public order, sanitary standards;

o violation of the order of operation and safety of life support facilities, as well as the functioning of communication facilities;

o damage to green spaces, social infrastructure or vehicles.

If the organization of an event resulted in harm to health or property, then, provided that the actions of the violators are not criminally punishable, the sanction is increased to a fine of 150 to 300 thousand rubles, compulsory labor for up to 200 hours, or arrest for up to 20 days.

In cases where the described acts are committed repeatedly, the violator pays a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles or is subject to compulsory labor for up to 200 hours or arrest for up to 30 days.

So, we learned about the norms governing the rules of conduct in public places. For violating these norms, citizens face punishment in the form of a fine, compulsory labor or arrest.

What is a public place by law?

On the street.

In the textbook “The Honest Mirror of Youth, or Indications for Everyday Conduct,” the following rules of behavior on the street were indicated: “No one has the right to walk down the street with his head hanging and his eyes downcast, or to look askance at people, but to walk straight and not bent over.” keep it straight, and look at people cheerfully and pleasantly with decorous constancy, so that they don’t say: he looks at people slyly.”

The rules of modern etiquette prescribe: All people on the street should be mutually polite, tactful and behave with dignity.

When leaving home, even for a moment, you should be dressed in clean and decent clothes.

You should move along the street, adhering to right side. Take moderate steps, keep your back straight, step softly - heel to toe, do not stomp your feet or drag them. Don't swing your arms too much, but don't hold them still either. Active and violent gestures are not allowed, especially if you are holding any objects in your hands (umbrella, briefcase, bag, etc.)

The main commandment of behavior on the street is respect for those you meet.

You should not rush along the pedestrian path from side to side and frantically cross the roadway. Be especially careful of crashing into oncoming dense traffic of pedestrians. In addition, you need to be very careful in transitions, on the side of the road and at intersections - here you should not dream about anything or “go deep” into your thoughts. In addition, by “disconnecting” from control over your behavior, you risk colliding with other people, because the street is not the most unsafe place.

If you unwittingly caused inconvenience to someone (pushed them, stepped on their feet, etc.), then you need to immediately politely and clearly apologize. If this happened to you and the person who caused the inconvenience apologized, then it is acceptable to respond: “Please,” “Don’t worry.”

Having met an acquaintance on the street who is older in age or social status, or who is simply in a hurry and wants to start talking, a tactful person should join him and not stop him. However, before doing this, you should ask whether he objects to such “accompaniment”.

When meeting an acquaintance who is accompanied by a stranger, you must greet both. If in such a situation you meet a woman you know or a person of high rank, do not engage in conversation with them. The same should be done in the event of a meeting close friend, busy talking with a lady you don’t know. If your friend is in the company of a man, he decides for himself whether to talk to you or not. A simple greeting is enough. But if your friend answers the greeting and continues to communicate with his companion, do not interfere.

Perhaps when you meet, you have no desire to engage in conversation. Then you can limit yourself to one greeting, if, of course, the person you meet understands your intentions. It is tactless to turn away, pretending that you did not notice the person you do not want to see.

On the street, a man should walk to the left of a woman, a subordinate should walk to the left of his boss, and a young man should also walk to the left of the elderly. In general, the place on the right is considered privileged. If three people are walking down the street, then the place in the middle is considered the most “honorable,” the second is on the right, and the last is on the left. A lady walking with two men takes a place in the middle. A child should always be between two adults, and an adult with two children should always be between them. Remember that the child should always be where it is safest.

A man walking with a woman can only speak to the person he meets as a last resort. The exception is when this is a mutual friend of yours. However, you cannot leave a woman alone: ​​she must be introduced to your companion. But a woman walking down the street with a man is not obliged to introduce him to an acquaintance she meets.

It is unacceptable to talk to an acquaintance you meet on the street in the center of the sidewalk. It is also not possible to occupy the entire width of the sidewalk if you are walking in a group of several people. It is better not to walk in a line, especially arm in arm - everyone should walk separately or, at least, in pairs.

Indicators of a person’s lack of culture and bad manners, his ignorance of the rules of etiquette, are the habit of looking at people from head to toe (especially disabled people), and criticizing out loud.

What is a public place by law: definition

their appearance, shouting remarks of various kinds towards unfamiliar women.

If a shoelace comes undone, a button comes off, or something similar happens, you should not correct the situation in front of passers-by - it is better to step aside.

A tactful and well-mannered person shows respect for strangers on the street who need help. Such passers-by should be addressed in this way: “May I help you?”, “Can I help?” These addresses should be made impersonal, i.e. do not call unfamiliar men and women who need help “father”, “grandfather”, “grandmother”, “girlfriend”, “woman”. If you hear a refusal in response, do not offer help a second time.

Here are a few "don'ts" in street etiquette:

· you can’t spit;

· you cannot eat food on the go (ice cream, pies, sandwiches, etc.);

· you must not litter with papers, leftover food, or cigarette butts - there are trash cans for this;

· women are not allowed to use cosmetics, comb their hair, or adjust their stockings;

· both men and women should not smoke while walking.

In the door.

If several people go to the entrance to the room at the same time, you should linger a little in front of the door, letting the older ones through first social status, women and children. So the younger one lets the older one pass, the master of the house lets the guest in, but the guest lets the hostess through. In the case when the elder invites the younger to go ahead, you should not contradict. If the statuses or ages of people are equal, then the one who is closest to him crosses the threshold first.

However, a man enters an unlit room, as well as restaurants, bars, and casinos ahead of a woman.

If the door was closed, it must also be closed behind you. It is impolite to close the door on someone walking behind you. If he is a short distance from the door, then hold it open until he approaches.

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Plan

Lecture 9. ETIQUETTE IN THE PRACTICE OF BUSINESS RELATIONS

What is a "public place"?

Behavior in public places.

2. Business etiquette.

3. Presentations of the organization, products, services.

4. The art of compliment.

5. Rules for presenting a gift.

6. Features of business communication with foreign partners.

A business person has to communicate with other people in in public places: on the street, in transport, in state and non-state administrative institutions, theater, etc. Although this communication is often short-term and impersonal, it is also regulated by the rules of etiquette.

On the street. On the sidewalk you must stay on the right side and not disturb passers-by. If you happen to be in a tight space or accidentally push a passerby, you should apologize. Questions like “How to get through...?” asked politely. Thanks for the answers. If you are asked, answer clearly and clearly. If in doubt, better apologize and refuse to answer. While walking, you should not hunch over, swing your arms wildly, or keep them in your pockets. Only in very cold times can they be stuffed into the pockets of a coat or jacket. You should not walk with a cigarette in your mouth, eat on the go. If you want to smoke or eat, you need to step aside. Cigarette butts and other rubbish should not be thrown onto the walkway.

The maximum number of people walking in a row is three, on a crowded sidewalk - two. When paired with a man, the woman takes the place on the right side. In the company of two men, a woman walks in the middle. The bag must be carried so as not to touch passers-by. The umbrella is kept in a vertical position.

If you want to talk to an acquaintance you meet, you need to step aside so as not to disturb passers-by.

A well-mannered person provides assistance to those who need it: he helps an elderly person, a disabled person, or his companion cross the street, go down a steep or slippery staircase.

In state and non-state administrative institutions. When entering the institution, greet the watchman in the lobby and present the necessary documents.

Before visiting the institution, they clearly understand the purpose of the visit, the subject of the conversation, and prepare the necessary documents. If necessary, make an appointment in advance and arrive at the appointed time.

Men entering office premises take off their hats. If there is a secretary in the official’s reception area, they inform him of the appointment.

Entering a room where there are many employees, they quietly greet those who paid attention and approach to the right person. Communication between the visitor and the official must be correct and businesslike. Even if the issue is not resolved in favor of the visitor, you should not slam the door loudly.

On the stairs, a man gives way to a woman at the railing, and he himself takes such a position in relation to her as to help if she suddenly stumbles.

When meeting and talking with someone in the corridor, take a place so as not to disturb those walking. They speak in hushed tones. When leaving, they say goodbye not only to the business person who received you, but also to the person on duty at the entrance.

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Probably every person at least once in his life has encountered a child who behaves incorrectly. His actions may cause varying degrees of rejection, but it immediately becomes clear to everyone, sometimes intuitively, that the child is violating the principles accepted in society.

Peculiarities

Order in society is ensured by laws and moral norms. Children are held accountable before the law only after reaching a certain age, but this does not mean that they remain unpunished.

Parents and other legal representatives are responsible for serious offenses. In addition, the consequence of any misconduct is public censure. A student who does not comply with certain norms will not be able to establish communication, live and study fully, and risks becoming an outcast.

There may be several reasons why schoolchildren behave badly:

• they may simply not know how to do it;
• rules can be observed purely formally, without conscious desire;
• Children often simply do not understand why rules of behavior exist and what benefits come from following them.

To prevent this from happening, the following is important.

• Explain to your child how to behave in a timely manner. For this purpose, individual and group conversations are held, posters and reminders are posted. In early childhood, parents are the source of knowledge. When a child becomes a pupil kindergarten or schools, specialists are also involved in education.
• Connect theory with practice. It is impossible to analyze all situations in detail, but you can give students the basic principles according to which they will build their behavior model.
• Monitor violations, sort out problematic situations. It is important to teach your child the basics of self-analysis.

If a child has already learned antisocial actions, it will be more difficult to retrain him. Therefore, education should begin from early childhood. This does not mean that restrictions will be placed on the child. Simply, such measures will help the child understand the behavior of other people and form his own opinion.

Culture of behavior

A culture of behavior obliges one to behave in accordance with the rules and norms accepted in society. Moreover, here we can talk about both universal human norms and principles inherent in a particular society. There is no distinction between upper-class and middle-class culture. Everyone has the same values, and they do not depend on a person’s status.

Established ethical standards should be common to children of different age groups: both for primary schoolchildren and teenagers. Even a child can have correct manners, but one must behave well not only in society, but also in the family.

A culture of behavior is a system of interconnected elements, such as:

• interpersonal relationships within groups and between individuals, as well as between students and teachers, parents and other members of society;
• etiquette (and the ability to apply it in different situations);
• competent oral and written speech(since all communications are carried out with the help of it);
• non-verbal signs (this includes gestures, facial expressions and other actions that complement speech and facilitate understanding by other people);
• attitude towards the environment (including nature).

Do not underestimate the unique preparation: before going to any public place, the student or his parents (if we are talking about a junior schoolchild) must take care of his appearance and hygiene.

A neat and tidy appearance is also part of a child’s culture, as is his attitude towards himself, the organization of school, home, everyday life or leisure time.

In general, a student’s culture of behavior is always influenced by several factors:

• parenting;
• influence of educational institutions;
• belonging to a religious or ethnic community (mentality);
• example of others.

Rules of communication

All norms governing student communication can be divided into several groups (depending on the place of their application).

In the learning process

This includes behavior in general education, music, and sports schools, sections, and clubs.

• Communication between students occurs during breaks, after lessons, or at times specially designated by the teacher.
• During recess, you should not run up the stairs or play outdoor games, during which others may get hurt.
• Communication should be calm, without the use of profanity.
• During lessons, you must not talk, make noise, get up from your seat without permission, or distract other students.
• You must greet and address teachers with respect. At scheduled times, before you say or ask anything, you need to raise your hand.
• On the school grounds there are rules that form the school charter. According to it, the child is obliged to obey the requirements of the staff.
• Since school activities are subject to a strict schedule, it is important to be punctual and not be late. In case of absence for a valid reason, the teacher must be notified.

On the street

Students travel to school or other public places on foot, by public or private transport; accompanied by parents or independently (if age allows). A few rules of conduct in such cases:

• being outside the school walls, the student must remember that any action can negatively affect both his reputation and the reputation of the educational institution;
• communication with peers and children younger age must be friendly, you must say hello and goodbye;
• older people should be treated politely, offer all possible assistance, give up their seat in transport, hold the door;
• you cannot distract the driver on the bus or your parents while they are driving;
• all games that disturb passers-by or threaten other people’s property must take place on appropriate children’s and sports grounds;
• the student must be instructed by parents or teachers on how to behave on the sidewalk and roadway;
• It is legally prohibited for minors to be in public places after ten o’clock in the evening without an adult;
• For your own safety, you should not talk to strangers, get into the car with them, or agree to requests to go somewhere else.

In other public places

When visiting a cinema, theater, zoo, library, stadium, you should remember the following.

• Before going to any event in a new place, you need to carefully study the acceptable rules of conduct. For example, in a movie it is acceptable to consume food and drinks during the show, but in a theater it is not. At the zoo you can buy special food for the animals and even pet them, but in the museum all touching is prohibited.
• All actions must be carried out with the expectation that they do not interfere with anyone. In the library, theater and cinema (equally) students are prohibited from laughing, talking on the phone or in any other way causing inconvenience to other patrons.
• If etiquette allows you to talk, you should not attract attention to yourself with loud noise (for example, in a cafe). You should communicate carefully with your interlocutor and service personnel. You should not turn your back, ignore greetings, or neglect polite words (such as “thank you,” “please,” “goodbye”).
• Boys from an early age need to be taught to help girls, to let them go ahead. When entering a building, those leaving first pass through, then those entering.
• If a dangerous situation arises, you should immediately contact the rescue service or at least inform an adult.

Generally Accepted Principles

Any child will sooner or later become an adult. It’s scary to imagine what will happen in society if people’s behavior is chaotic and unrestricted. That is why it is important to cultivate in a child qualities that are passed down over several generations.

Any education is based on the principles of responsibility for one’s actions, humanism, kindness, friendship, and respect. Having mastered them, the student is able to make individual decisions in accordance with the situation and without contradicting social norms.

Culture of behavior

in public places

Teacher of MAOU Secondary School No. 33 with UIOP Yudkina L.I.

Goals : Development of students’ skills to behave in accordance with moral standards, rules of conduct, and rules of etiquette.

The problem of culture of behavior in public places remains relevant today. We often do not think that this or that situation requires a certain action, movement, phrase or gesture. The problem is that many people do not know these rules. This is understandable - it is difficult to remember all the rules of etiquette. Therefore, we want to voice at least some of them. The priority goal of etiquette is to make our lives as pleasant and safe as possible when communicating with each other, to smooth out all possible rough edges and unexpected offenses, and to warn us against accidental claims and troubles.

Story

The term “etiquette” (from the French etiquette) means the form, manner of behavior, rules of courtesy and politeness accepted in a particular society. Etiquette is a combination of formal rules of behavior in predetermined situations with common sense, the rationality of the content embedded in them.

The word "etiquette" became commonly used in the 17th century. Once, at a court reception during the reign of the French king Louis XIV, the guests were given cards that listed some acceptable rules of behavior. The word “etiquette” came from their French name, and later it entered the languages ​​of many countries. Rules of behavior arose a long time ago. As soon as people began to live together, the need for peaceful coexistence arose. Thus, in Homer’s “Odyssey”, in Egyptian and Roman manuscripts, the rules of good manners are already mentioned.

Relations between the sexes, superiors and subordinates, means of communication, and the reception of strangers were strictly regulated. Violation of these rules entailed exclusion from social group. The ancient Greeks attached great importance to interstate relations; they actively developed diplomatic etiquette, creating a complex chain of necessary rituals. Then court etiquette arose. Each ruling dynasty created a complex ceremony around herself with a certain degree of solemnity. On the basis of court etiquette, only in a simpler form, general civil etiquette is formed.

So, etiquette began to take shape in ancient times, but it was during the Middle Ages that it acquired the features that we know today. In the 11th century, a social system of chivalry emerged, which subsequently spread throughout Europe. Chivalry had a huge impact on European etiquette and created countless new rituals and ceremonies around the feudal aristocracy. Etiquette in Western European countries developed under the great influence of local national customs and traditions. So etiquette is very big and important part universal human culture, morality, ethics. It has been developed over many centuries. There are practically no people who have not made their contribution to the world treasury of etiquette.

Many modern rules Behaviors initially had a completely different meaning when they arose (as a rule, they originate from all sorts of rituals that permeated the life of ancient man). Some etiquette norms of the past have changed in such a way that it is difficult to trace their historical roots. Others simply disappeared, just as the phenomena that gave birth to them disappeared, but, one way or another, all the accepted rituals of behavior left their mark on the development of etiquette. It is believed that modern etiquette inherits the best customs of the past, the behavioral traditions of all peoples. But! One should remember the well-known relativity of etiquette requirements; they are not absolute: the conditions for their observance depend on the place, time, and circumstances. It often happens that behavior that is not acceptable in one place and under some circumstances may be quite appropriate in other conditions.

Let's remember why a man should walk down the street to the left of a woman. Just two or three hundred years ago, men had the rule of carrying a weapon on their left side - a saber, sword or dagger. To prevent this weapon from touching the woman, if she was nearby, they stood to her left. Now such an obstacle when walking with a lady is possible only among the military. But the custom, nevertheless, was preserved for everyone.

There are customs whose origin is almost impossible to find out. They, as they say, pass from generation to generation. But if they have been preserved unchanged, then it is hardly worth challenging folk wisdom, thanks to which they were preserved. The most honored guests are given seats in the middle of the table, next to the hosts or opposite them. The owners always enter the house or apartment first, and then the guests, if they came together.

So, etiquette is a very large and important part of universal human culture, morality, morality. It has been developed over many centuries. There are practically no people who would not make their contribution to the world treasury of etiquette, albeit in accordance with their ideas about goodness, justice, and humanity.

But even the strictest adherence to faceless patterns of behavior is not the root of truly correct behavior; the main thing always remains a sincere, hospitable and kind attitude towards people. After all, if all the little details of etiquette are not supported by internal education and high morality, then it is unlikely that etiquette will be of much benefit to the people around us.

Rules of behavior in public places

Public places.Today you can rarely see a picture where, standing near an open door, two people persuade each other: “Please come in” - “No, please, you come in.” Usually, when we are allowed to go ahead, we go through without unnecessary ceremony. And, in principle, this is correct. Traditionally, the man lets the woman pass first; the younger one gives way to the older one; subordinate to the boss. Of two people of equal age occupying the same position, the one closest to the door passes first.

If you brought a guest to your house.The hostess enters first, followed by the guest. If the owner is a man, the guest enters first. Well, what if he doesn’t know the way or it’s dark outside the door? In this case, the owner enters first, saying: “Let me show you around” or: “Please follow me.” The same should be done if the guest is a woman.

Ladder. Previously, it was customary for a man, when going up the stairs with a woman, to certainly walk in front of her. At present, a slightly different order has been determined: it is expedient and therefore justified for a man to strive to get ahead of a lady only in cases where the stairs are dark, steep or shaky. If circumstances are different, the woman leads the way. When descending, the man goes first, followed by the woman. If someone politely gives way to you as they pass by, either bow slightly or say, “Thank you.” If you are on a narrow staircase and someone comes towards you old man, boss or lady, you need to pause and take a small step to the side, letting the person walking pass.

When a man and a woman walking in different directions collide on the stairs, the woman is not obliged to move away from the railing, even if this is contrary to the rule of “right-hand traffic”; the sides of the stairs with the railing are the privilege of the weaker sex, the elderly and children.

Elevators, escalators.An elevator is the same “public area” as a street or stairs; here you don’t have to take off your hat. In the elevator, as in any other place, we greet those whom we always greet. In a crowded public elevator, a man does not take off his hat, even if he is accompanying a woman. In the elevator of a residential building or residential hotel, he would probably take off his hat when a woman entered, if his hands were not occupied with packages.

In automatic elevators, a woman, if she is traveling without an accompanying person, presses the desired button herself. A man in an elevator, if he is standing close to the panel, asks the others (primarily women) which floor they need and presses the buttons. In full elevators, well-mannered people step aside or step out for a while to allow those standing behind to exit.

Shop. At the doors of a store or institution, first let those leaving, and only then enter yourself, this way you will not cause a “traffic jam” to form inside the room. In large stores or other mass service establishments, a man may not take off his headdress. However, where the client is being served individually, it is useful not to forget to take off your hat and say hello to the person who will be dealing with you. When making a purchase in a store, it is worth remembering not to tire the seller with petty whims or prolonged indecision.

When approaching the checkout, you need to have an approximate amount of money ready for the purchase, and not look for it in your wallet or pockets at the last moment.

Cafes and restaurants.The man enters the restaurant first. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, this is how he protects his companion from unexpected collisions and warns her about steps or a threshold, while not forgetting to hold the door and give the lady his hand. Secondly, based on this criterion, the head waiter has the right to draw a conclusion about who is the initiator of coming to the restaurant, i.e., who will place the order and pay the bill.

In the wardrobe, the man undresses and then helps the lady undress. Having chosen a table, the man, slightly pulling out the chair, helps the lady sit down. If a lady arrives without a companion, this gallant duty is assigned to the attendants. Never get into an argument with a waiter. The proposal to leave the restaurant must come from the initiator of the meeting. Etiquette rules do not allow the waiter to bring you the bill until you ask him to. But under no circumstances ask for the bill while your guests or your lady is still eating - this is rude to them. Money, credit or bonus cards should be placed in a folder or on a tray along with the bill and left on the edge of the table. Tipping is a tradition in restaurants almost all over the world. Minimum size tip is 10% of the bill.

Transport. Before entering the vehicle, give the opportunity to exit it. Stand so as not to disturb exiting passengers. When traveling on public transport with a lady, the man enters after her, but gets out first and offers his hand to his companion. Usually everyone pays for the fare themselves, but a man, on his own initiative, can pay for the fare of his good friend. Decency obliges him to give way to a tired mother with a small or infant, a pregnant woman, an old or disabled person, a woman with a heavy bag or a friend. In relation to young, healthy strangers, such a gesture is voluntary politeness. The woman who was given her seat should immediately thank her for this. A young girl can give way to an elderly relative. You should not talk loudly in public transport, laugh, or play music. It is absolutely unacceptable to be in transport with ice cream or an open bottle. You cannot stand in the doorway, interfering with the entry and exit of other passengers. If you cannot hand over money for travel or validate a ticket yourself, ask others to do it. It is indecent to look over your shoulder at a book, newspaper or magazine that another passenger is reading. It is indecent to stare at your fellow travelers. In transport, you should try not to step on people’s feet, not to lean on the person standing next to you, and not to push him in the back. If one of the passengers accidentally touched another, you must apologize. When exiting a vehicle, a man must get out first and then help his companion.

Conversation. Boys or girls over 18 years of age should be addressed as “you.” It is also important to control your voice, because it may well reveal your well-being, mood, thoughts that you would like to hide. Speech should not be too loud, otherwise you may embarrass yourself.

Good manners require that we avoid conversations that are unpleasant to the interlocutor or that make him despondent. To become a conversational ace, first of all, you need to learn several rules: in a conversation you need to avoid loud “I”; consider the interests of others and hide one's own identity. It is very indecent to speak to someone in a language unfamiliar to the rest of society. You should show courtesy and delicacy if a third opponent intervenes in your conversation, and the topic of the conversation is purely intimate.

It is also important to control your voice (you can resort to the help of a specialist), because it may well reveal your well-being, mood, thoughts that you would like to hide. In a state of stress, it is even harder to speak, rapid intermittent breathing and trembling in the voice interfere, so it is also important to control your breathing.

Think about it, do you speak quickly? If so, how clearly? Clear? Okay, but do you know how to correctly place pauses in a conversation? Why are pauses needed? It's very simple - pauses are a sign of good manners. Pauses should be long enough for your interlocutors to think about what was said. If you speak slowly and don't pause, you risk boring the other person. Every word in a conversation should be distinct and understandable to the interlocutor.

In society they talk about everything, but do not delve into the issues, do not analyze any subject comprehensively, but discuss briefly, but not superficially. You should not show that the conversation is boring or tires you, or that you would like to talk with others, you should not look in the other direction during a conversation or look at your watch, your hands should be in a calm state, and it is not permissible to twirl objects.

Remember that in any society your behavior should be natural. Pretense is the enemy of any engaging conversation. In order to feel easy and at ease when communicating with strangers, to start a conversation without effort and freely conduct it (and not just assent), certain preparation is necessary.

What to talk about with a person you don’t know well when mutual silence becomes uncomfortable? That's right - about the weather! This is a topic that interests everyone to one degree or another, it is safe and conflict-free. Uninteresting? It's right. But it’s not at all necessary to immediately start talking about something serious. This may seem pretentious.

In a conversation, it is better not to touch upon personal problems, not to persuade your partner to do so, and not to talk confidentially about yourself. When the weather topic is exhausted, you can talk, for example, about television, newspaper news, sports. In the end, there will definitely be a question that can captivate both interlocutors. You should be careful when using different variations of words from youth slang.

Know how to listen! Do you know how? But as? Be silent, looking at your interlocutor with “empty eyes” that reflect your own concerns. This is not the same at all! You should look at the interlocutor with interest and from time to time insert some comments that will indicate that you understand what is being said. While someone is talking to you, it is ugly to rummage in your bag, rummage through your own pockets, glance at the TV, catch your heavenly beauty in the mirror opposite. If you have already heard the story once, it is better to immediately say: “I know, I heard it,” than to interrupt in mid-sentence in impatience. A polite person rarely interrupts someone else's story, even if he has heard it a good hundred times.

In a friendly discussion there is no place, for example, for such expressions: “It’s not true!”, “What?!”, “I won’t understand you!” After all, you can say the same thing in a different way: “But it seems to me that...”, “Sorry, I didn’t hear...”,

Don't interrupt when someone is speaking, especially if they are elderly. Don't correct someone's mispronounced foreign word. You should not suggest words to the narrator, finish his sentence for him, and, especially, correct stylistic errors out loud.

In general, try not to make any comments to adults. Young people can sometimes afford this among themselves, but only in a friendly manner.

Address and greetingAccording to etiquette, you need to greet a person with the words: “Hello!” " Good morning!” "Good afternoon!" " Good evening!” When greeting, you should not lower your eyes; you need to meet the gaze of the person you are greeting. But the persistent gaze of someone else is felt by a person even if he is sitting with his side or back to you. Therefore, you should not “hypnotize” anyone. It is considered indecent to stare at a person while he is eating, to gaze at unfamiliar women for a long time, or to look at the person being introduced to you. Intonation is very important. A greeting expressed in a rude or dry tone may offend the person you are greeting. You need to greet people warmly and friendly. And adding a smile to your greeting will improve your overall mood. And don’t forget about a bow, a nod of the head, a handshake, a hug, a kiss on the hand - choose any one based on the circumstances. Only the closest friends are addressed as "you".

Everyone else (older people, unfamiliar peers) is addressed as “you.” It is not customary to say hello across a threshold, across a table, or through any partition. A handshake is a traditional, symbolic greeting gesture. Give your hand with a free, confident gesture. The squeeze should be short.

But you also shouldn’t shake your partner’s hand with all your might, shaking it in the air several times. If you notice an acquaintance in the distance and if you are also noticed, then you need to greet the acquaintance with a nod of the head, a wave of the hand, a bow, a smile. You shouldn't shout at the top of your voice! If you see a friend approaching you, there is no need to shout “hello!” from afar.

Wait until the distance between you is reduced to a few steps. You definitely need to greet those people you often meet, even if you don’t know them, for example, the salesperson at the nearest store, the postman, or neighbors from the front door.

Telephone Advantages mobile phone difficult to overestimate. And yet, in certain situations it can create inconvenience and even cause annoyance. With a phone in your pocket you can be in a public place, in a restaurant, in a hairdresser; but in a cinema, a theatre, or during a concert, it will be an undoubted nuisance - in such places you need to turn it off completely or turn on vibration instead of a sound signal.

School behavior culture

Goals : Development of students’ abilities to behave in accordance with moral standards, rules of behavior, rules of etiquette, prevention of controversial situations among students, prevention conflict situations between teachers and students.

Task : Development of students' communication abilities.

Teacher's introduction

A person lives among people from his very birth. Among them, he takes his first steps and speaks his first words, develops and reveals his abilities. Only human society can become the basis for the development of personality, for the development of the “I” of each person. And such a society can become not only a large association of people, but also a small group - a school class. What is a class? A class is an association of people, where everyone’s “I” turns into a common “we”. And it is necessary for each individual “I” to feel comfortable in this big “we”. And so that the “I” of each does not suppress the “I” of his neighbor. To do this, it is necessary to have certain rules of behavior that would give each “I” the opportunity to fully develop.

Let's count how many people we meet every day. At home we communicate with our relatives: mom, dad, brothers and sisters, neighbors; at school - with teachers, schoolmates, librarian; in the store - with the seller, cashiers, strangers; on the street - with passers-by; old and young people, adults and peers. It's hard to count how many people you see in one day; You’ll just say hello to some, you’ll talk to others, you’ll play with others, you’ll answer a question with others, you’ll turn to someone yourself with a request. Every person is in constant communication with familiar and unfamiliar people at home, at school, on the street, in a store, at the cinema, in the library, etc. We all know that another person’s behavior, a friendly or rude word often leaves a mark on the soul for the whole day. Often good mood for a person it depends on whether they paid attention to him, whether they were friendly and kind when communicating with him, and how offensive it is from inattention, rudeness, or an evil word. You and I spend a lot of time at school, so today we will talk about the rules of behavior at school, as well as about moments of disrespectful attitude, that is, one after which grievances arise. As a rule, the grievances are mutual.

Unfortunately, not all school groups adhere to the rules of politeness, friendliness, and delicacy. We need to think about our mistakes in behavior. An even, friendly tone, attention to each other, and mutual support strengthen relationships. And vice versa, unceremoniousness or rude treatment, tactlessness, offensive nicknames, nicknames hurt painfully and sharply worsen your well-being. Some people think that all these are trifles, trifles. However, harsh words are not harmless. It’s not for nothing that people have put together wise sayings about the role of words in human relationships: “One word can lead to a quarrel forever,” “A razor scrapes, but a word hurts,” “ Sweet Nothing“It’s spring day.”

What do you think the word “polite” (observing the rules of decency) means?

Exercise

Name the signs well-mannered person.

The personality traits of a well-mannered person are discussed. Rules of behavior are developed.

Rules:

• Politeness, goodwill, friendliness in relationships are mutual. Develop such qualities in yourself.
• Do not allow quarrels, fights, swearing, shouting, threats. This humiliates a person.
• Treasure your honor, the honor of your family, school, keep your comrades from doing bad things.
• Help the younger, the vulnerable, be fair.
• Treat others the way you would like them to treat you

The interactive whiteboard contains a table with two columns. The beginnings of popular sayings are written on the left side. On the right side is the end of the proverb. It is necessary to match the beginnings and endings by dragging the phrases on the right side into the corresponding lines.

Compose two parts of a proverb about the culture of behavior:

The meaning of each statement is discussed.

Talk about the rules of conduct on the topic.

Themes :

School etiquette (appearance, speech within school walls, politeness)

Rules of behavior at school

Duties of the Duty Class

Hints

Form

Changeable hairstyle or second shoes

Greeting students and adults

Addressing each other

Garbage

Thrift

Politeness

Lateness

Truancy

Players and cell phones

Everyday speech at school

Communication style

Other people's things

Behavior in the dining room

Behavior during lines and events

Arrival at school

Skipping classes

School property

Compliance with safety regulations

Caring for the younger and weaker

Resolving controversial issues

Smoking at school

Behavior in class

Behavior during recess

Using obscene language

Responsibilities of the senior school officer

Duties of the Duty Class

Behavior at school parties and discos

Summarizing. Final word.

How to learn “knowledge”? Until the 16th century, the word “vezha” was widely used in the Russian language, i.e. a person who knows how to behave in a given situation. To learn “knowledge” there are several techniques.

Introspection The reception is complicated. It's like you need to split into two. You live and do everything as usual, and at the same time you observe yourself through the eyes of another person. Every time you set a goal for yourself. For example, today – “manners”. Another time the goals will be different: how do I talk to people? How do I say hello? How do I behave when visiting? Note not only your shortcomings, but also your good traits, qualities, and habits.

Self-esteem You must not only take care of yourself, but give an honest assessment without any discounts. In the evening, when you go to bed, you can remember how the day went, what you noticed about yourself and tell yourself directly. A diary would be very helpful with this, reflecting thoughts about yourself, about the people around you, and assessments of yourself.

Studying other people's opinionsNo matter how honestly you try to evaluate yourself, there is always a danger of making a mistake; much is much better seen from the outside. Therefore, it is very important to know what others think of you.

Self-knowledge and observation of the behavior of others also helps. One ancient eastern sage was asked: “Who did you learn good manners from?” “The ill-mannered ones,” he answered, “I avoided doing what they do.”

So, the first condition for good manners is knowledge of generally accepted norms and rules of behavior; second - to train to practice in correct behavior; third - strong and stable habits of behavior.

“Treasury of Folk Wisdom”

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below Good work to the site"> Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you. Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/ INTRODUCTION The culture of human behavior is the external expression of his spiritual wealth and ability to communicate with people. The rules governing human behavior in society have been created over many centuries. They arose in connection with the need to streamline the communication of people, to make it more organized, pleasant and beautiful. Often a person's upbringing is judged only by his manners. But it is not just the external attributes of good manners that distinguish a cultured person. RULES OF CONDUCT IN PUBLIC PLACES 1.On the street. On the street you must follow generally accepted rules of behavior. Every time you leave the house, take a look at yourself to see if you need to clean your coat, suit, or shoes. No matter how we rush, we don’t fly, pushing aside the crowd, but we also don’t barely trudge, forcing passers-by to go around us. A well-mannered person behaves on the street in such a way as to attract less attention from passers-by: he does not talk loudly or laugh, avoids misunderstandings, and does not get into a random altercation. The disgusting habit of spitting, throwing cigarette butts, seed husks and other garbage on the sidewalk. A young man helps his companion carry a heavy package, a shopping bag with groceries. If you need to pass through a bridge, a narrow gate, along the side of the road, we let a woman, as well as people older than us, go ahead. If going first turns out to be unsafe to some extent (among puddles, in the dark, etc.), a man takes on this role, finding and paving the way. Avoid eating anything outside. And of course, you cannot spray tobacco smoke on passers-by while walking along the sidewalk. Walking arm-in-arm is considered a bit old-fashioned these days: it makes it difficult to move on crowded streets. In a slippery place, a young man can offer his hand to an older man or companion. It is a common custom among young people to walk around hugging each other. The young man puts his hand on the girl’s shoulder, and she hugs him around the waist. It looks immodest. Accidents are not uncommon in the city. We try not to increase the crowd of onlookers. We will help the old man carry his bag, we will carry the blind man across the street. Need to be in highest degree delicate to look closely at a person with any physical disability. Where possible, pedestrians should avoid walking against the flow of traffic. Give way to the oncoming passerby and go around him on the right side. If you notice that someone is in a hurry, step aside. Even in a very crowded place they do not push each other, but ask permission to pass. If the road is narrow and bad, then, if necessary, the man steps off the sidewalk onto the pavement. In narrow, cramped passages, as well as at stairs and doors, you should wait until those who are rightfully supposed to go first have passed. An open umbrella is carried over the head so that water does not flow onto passers-by. When meeting other pedestrians, the umbrella is raised or tilted to the side. An oncoming passerby on a narrow sidewalk is allowed to pass by stepping back (a younger person or a man). They don't walk in a line on the street. When you meet an acquaintance and start talking to him, do not stand in the middle of the sidewalk, move aside so as not to disturb other passers-by. When meeting someone older than you, do not stop them, but ask permission to accompany them. It is impolite to stop strangers or a friend if he is not walking alone. This can only be done as a last resort, of course, by apologizing and making sure that he is not in a hurry. If you are not walking alone and meet an acquaintance with whom you want to exchange a few phrases, do not forget to apologize to your companion. He, in turn, having greeted everyone, waits for you or walks away. However, it is not appropriate for a man to leave a woman alone. If you want to talk to someone you know, introduce him to your companion. 2.In public transport. If a group of people has gathered waiting for transport, then those arriving should take their turn, and not stop in an uncertain position somewhere, and then, when boarding, rush to the doors of the car, pushing aside those who stood first. When entering public transport, let disabled people, children, elderly people and women pass first. If necessary, provide them with assistance. If one door is used for entry and exit, then people are given the opportunity to exit first. The man gets out of the carriage first and helps his companion, the elderly or children. In the carriage, do not stop at the doors, but go forward, making room for other passengers. You cannot lounge on the seat and occupy it completely if it is designed for two. Bags can be placed on the seat only if there is no space and there are free seats. If there are no free seats, then they give up their seats to the elderly, sick, pregnant women, and people with small children. Both men and women, and especially young people, are required to do this. When giving way, you can say a few words, but you can also do it silently. If you are given a seat, then do not take it for granted, you need to thank for your attention. Both the man and the woman thank him if the place was given up to his companion. You can refuse the offered place. Then thank them for the service and briefly explain why you didn’t take advantage of the favor. We advise young people: give way to everyone who is older than you and your peers. Young people staring out the window and trying not to notice an elderly man standing next to them is an unsightly picture. But when teaching etiquette to teenagers and children, adults themselves need to follow the rules of good manners. Parents should ensure that children do not soil the seats or clothes of other passengers with their feet. By the way, it is not necessary to sit down a child who is able to play all day long without getting tired. By yielding to his whim, we thereby confirm the child’s opinion of his exclusivity. Permissiveness is a sign of an egoist. They do not eat or smoke on public transport. People do not enter the carriage with ice cream in their hands. It does not shake off snow or raindrops from clothes. Travel tickets and trash are not thrown on the floor. When sneezing and coughing, use a handkerchief. In the carriage they don’t tidy up their appearance, don’t clean their nails, don’t pick their teeth. We try to stand steadily, without putting too much weight on other passengers when pushing or turning. Holding onto the handrails, we make sure that our elbows do not touch our neighbor, and that our hand does not loom in front of his face. If we see that our progress towards the exit will embarrass someone, we ask permission to pass, we inquire if the person is getting off at such and such a stop. If we receive an answer that it’s working out, we stop and calmly wait. Transport is not a place for public debate. If we nevertheless have to enter into a conversation, and it is of a quarrelsome nature, we remember that to help in in this case maybe just a sense of humor. If we accidentally push someone, we ask for forgiveness. If we were pushed, in response to an apology we will say: “Nothing!” - or just smile in a friendly way. It has become common to read on the go. But in transport, the newspaper is not completely unfolded, but read folded. It’s not very nice to look into your neighbor’s book and stare at the passengers. You should not talk about family or work matters, or eavesdrop on other people's conversations. In a taxi, the driver is not reprimanded or asked to increase speed. If you are in a hurry, you can tell the driver about it, he will take care of the rest himself. But you can ask him to slow down. When getting into a car, a man opens the door and lets a woman or an older man pass ahead. Women usually sit in the back, and the man sits next to the driver. 3.In the store. We go to stores every day to do shopping. Observance of mutual politeness here is the key to order and good relations between sellers and buyers. Who must give way at the store door? Incoming. He gives the opportunity to leave the room, and then only enters himself, of course holding the doors so as not to hurt the people following him. Contact the seller politely, do not interrupt his conversation with the previous buyer. Professional ethics requires the seller, in turn, to be extremely fair with customers. Sometimes sellers, talking among themselves, do not pay attention to the buyer and do not even answer their questions. This is the height of tactlessness and a direct violation of official duties. In such cases, politely but firmly demand attention to yourself. When the buyer approaches, the seller is obliged to interrupt other activities or, apologizing, ask to wait a little, say, if he is packing the goods. In turn, the buyer observes a number of immutable rules. If you came to the store to see if the necessary goods were on sale, and you had the necessary money with you, you should not try on things that you do not intend to buy. It’s better to ask the seller about everything that interests you, rather than force him to do meaningless work, and don’t waste your time. If you wanted to buy something, but couldn’t find anything suitable, don’t hesitate to tell the seller about it and thank him for his attention. It’s not nice to try to buy something without waiting in line. Such attempts will inevitably meet with the just indignation of others. There are, however, circumstances when you can ask for food to be released without waiting in line (you are in a hurry to catch a train, a child or a sick person is left unattended at home). In this case, contact those in front, explaining the reason for your request. This is easier than asking those standing in line to buy something for you at the same time. Yes, this is not fair to those who stand behind. In addition, we put in an awkward position those to whom we made such a request: either they must refuse us, or do an ugly act towards other people and hear unflattering remarks from them about themselves. 4.In the theater, at a concert, in a museum and at an exhibition. You can often see girls and boys in the theater and at concerts. casual wear. This is explained by the fact that they came here from work. When going to the theater or concert, you should strive to dress beautifully in order to create a festive mood for yourself and the people around you. Having let his companion through the door, the man goes into the hall first to find his place. If 2 pairs of acquaintances come to the theater or concert, women sit in the middle, and men on the edges. As you walk to your seats, try not to disturb the already seated spectators too much, and turn to face them. The man walks first along the narrow aisle between the rows and helps his companion sit down, lowering the seat of the chair. Try not to make noise, do not occupy both armrests of the chairs, and do not lean your hands or feet on the chairs in front. It is best not to be late for a performance or concert, but if this happens, go to the balcony or sit on the nearest free place. You will find your place during the break. Programs and binoculars are held on the lap. It is indecent to look at others through binoculars during intermission. Talking (even in a whisper) during a show, movie or theatrical performance is not allowed, much less loudly commenting on what is happening on stage. If you don’t like a play or movie, sit silently and right moment(during a break between scenes and artists' entrances) leave the hall. In the cinema hall, men and women remove their high hats so as not to interfere with the view of the screen to the spectators sitting behind them. Try not to sit in your chair, cough or sneeze. If you are sick, for example, with the flu, visiting public places is strictly prohibited. Artists are thanked with applause, but musical works (symphonies, quartets, etc.) are not interrupted by applause. They usually applaud at the end of the movement (before intermission). At the end of the performance or concert, do not run to the cloakroom or to the exit: this will not save much time, but will only create confusion and spoil the impression of the spectacle and music. Observe certain rules of conduct in museums and exhibitions. When moving around the hall, try not to interfere with those around you to concentrate their attention and enjoy the works of art. To do this, do not come too close to other visitors, do not block the paintings with your back, and do not talk loudly. And of course, you cannot touch the exhibits with your hands. In order not to dissipate the impression, it is useful to examine only those exhibits that are interesting to you. It makes no sense to quickly run through all the halls without highlighting individual paintings by some artist. If you are exploring the halls accompanied by a guide, then listen to his explanations in silence, without moving too close to him so as not to disturb others. If you have questions, ask them after the story is over or during a pause. It is indecent to talk to your neighbors during an excursion. Of course, it can be difficult to contain your emotions when viewing colorful works of art or fashion models. Some paintings touch you to the depths of your soul, while some objects in the exhibition simply outrage you. But still, try to be restrained, do not judge the work by the first impression. Often upon re-examination a different impression arises. In any case, refrain from making disparaging remarks about the paintings and the author. An intelligent person is modest and self-possessed. And a true connoisseur of art never shows his enthusiasm too noisily and does not flaunt his erudition in front of people. 5. INmovie. You can go to the cinema during the day without preparing in advance - hence great freedom of action. If you did not take off your outerwear in the wardrobe, carefully, without touching your neighbor, place the coat on your lap. If you have a furry hat, you need to take it off. At festival premieres and various film festivals, rules of behavior apply, just like in a theatre, including applause during the screening and at the end of it. At a regular movie show, you should follow the same rules as in the theater: do not make noise, arrive before the start of the show, take only your seats, walk if necessary facing those sitting, do not chew, do not litter, do not leave before the end of the show. You can leave the hall only if the film does not at all live up to your expectations, while trying not to disturb others. 6.INcafe. Often, visiting a cafe or restaurant becomes a place for people where they can not only eat delicious food or meet friends, but also show off their knowledge of etiquette. Visiting and staying in a cafe or restaurant implies strict and strict adherence to all the rules of good manners: greetings, introductions, the ability to dress and behave in society, conduct a conversation, use cutlery, etc. It is worth noting that today there are many types of establishments of this kind. These include eateries, well-appointed cafes, and high-class restaurants. The behavior of visitors is determined by the level of the catering establishment they visit. So, for example, a lady in an evening dress, a mink coat and earrings with diamonds in her ears looks inappropriate and ridiculous when she appears in an ice cream parlor. A person dressed in a tracksuit will look just as funny in the dining room of a VIP-class restaurant. Thus, before heading to this or that establishment, you should choose the right suit that would correspond to the level of the cafe or restaurant. However, it should be noted that there are general rules of conduct that a visitor to a cafe, restaurant, etc. must follow. culture manners behavior social If you intend to visit a restaurant large group, then there must be a man among you who will take on “organizational” functions: choose seats, order dishes, “pay the bill, etc. But this does not mean that women cannot go to a restaurant alone. Unfortunately, our reality is such that at the tables of cafes and restaurants today you can often see women sitting alone or coming without men. Moreover, these days, most often it is ladies who invite men to visit a restaurant or cafe, and this does not count in bad taste. A man should always remain helpful and gallant. If a man comes to a cafe or restaurant, accompanying a lady, then the rules of etiquette instruct him to open the door for the woman, who, having walked a little forward, must again let her gentleman go ahead of her. The man should walk in front of the woman, thus showing her the way to the dinner table. All upscale cafes and restaurants have a lobby. The man must take off his outer clothing first. This must be done in in strict order: hat, gloves, coat. After this, the man must help his companion undress. Etiquette rules do not allow the appearance in the dining room of a restaurant or cafe with big bags or in outerwear. When leaving the hall, the man must also walk in front of the lady. He opens the doors for her, lets her go ahead, then goes out himself, closes the doors and again walks in front of his companion, as if showing the way to the lobby. According to the rules of etiquette, the man puts on his outerwear first, after which he helps his lady get dressed. Restaurant visitors go outside, and only after that the man can put on a hat and gloves. If you plan to visit a restaurant or cafe that is very popular, it is best to book a table in advance. It is especially important to do this on the eve of a date or business dinner. If the table has not been booked, then the man will have to find a free table at all costs for himself and those he accompanies. When choosing a place, a woman should not turn around and turn her head in different sides. Choosing a table is the privilege of men. In such cases, it is best to seek help from the manager, who will prevent the occurrence of unpleasant situations and disputes between visitors vying for a free table. A man who comes to a cafe or restaurant and accompanies a lady must give the latter a more comfortable place at a table, for example, overlooking the stage. The one who turns out to be helpful and attentive to his companion will be recognized as a true gentleman. Etiquette does not provide for strict regulations regarding how a man and woman who come together to a cafe or restaurant should sit - opposite each other or next to each other. However, it is believed that it is more convenient to sit diagonally: then the room can be clearly seen by your interlocutors. The man must help his lady sit down at the table. He pulls out a chair from the table and then helps his companion move it. It should be noted that almost no one follows this old rule of etiquette today. Women usually take the initiative into their own hands: they independently choose a place at the table and sit on a chair. Another old rule of etiquette has also been forgotten. Nowadays, it is rare to see a man in a restaurant, much less a cafe, rising from his seat at the moment when a lady gets up. The rules of good manners say: a man should stand up a little if a lady has risen from the table. If several men are sitting at a table, they may not get up when a woman gets up. According to the rules of etiquette, the man is responsible for choosing the menu. At the same time, he must offer his companion a choice of one or another dish indicated on the menu. In upscale restaurants, menus are provided for each visitor, and therefore both men and women can independently choose the food that they like, without risking limiting the freedom of choice of their companion. When choosing dishes, a woman should not choose too expensive or too cheap ones. It would also be considered inappropriate and impolite to say: “The same dish as yourself” or “Order what you want.” If someone invites a friend to a restaurant for the first time, then the inviter should order dishes, focusing on his own taste preferences. If he ordered a hot dish, then the invitee should not order a cold appetizer for himself. If lunch or dinner in a restaurant is paid for by the inviter, then he can refuse to choose the dish that he does not like, but order it for everyone else. The invitee, of course, can politely ask the inviter to order his favorite dish. The main thing is that it is not overly expensive. In the old days, only men were given the right to choose alcoholic drinks in a restaurant. It was to them that the waiters brought the wine list. Today the situation has changed. Both men and women can order alcoholic drinks. The waiter must present the wine to the person who ordered it. The visitor carefully examines the label, then the waiter pours a small amount of wine in a glass, the customer takes a sip to taste the wine. Only after receiving the seal of approval for the quality of wine or other alcoholic beverage does the restaurant hall employee fill the glasses. It is worth noting that tasting wine is of a conditional, ritual nature. Therefore, it is considered not quite decent to refuse the ordered alcohol, except in cases where the catering network provides poor-quality goods. A poorly chilled drink can also be a reason for refusing the ordered wine. According to etiquette, lunch or dinner participants order the appetizer and main course together. The choice of dessert should be made only after the main course has been eaten. If the trip to the restaurant was planned in advance, and its participants previously discussed the dishes that they would order, then anyone can place the order. In such a situation, the orderer first lists the dishes that his companions would like to receive, and only then names those that he himself would like to try. In those restaurants and cafes where food is served on a common large platter, each visitor puts in as much as he can eat. Alcoholic drinks, which in such establishments are served in jugs or decanters, are also poured into one’s own glass. In upscale restaurants, diners are served by a waiter. He transfers food from a common dish to the plate of everyone sitting at the table and pours wine. In the event that it is necessary to bring an additional portion, the visitor must place the fork and knife crosswise. Empty plates should be placed on the right side of the table. It is customary to serve food on the left side. Alcoholic drinks are also poured from the right side. When using the service of a waiter, you need to thank him every time. Nowadays, not only a man, as was customary in the past, but also a woman can say words of gratitude to the service staff of a cafe or restaurant. The end of the meal is signaled by cutlery placed parallel to each other on the plate. The waiter may ask the diners if they would like an additional portion. Guests can either politely decline or accept his offer to reorder. Waiters often ask visitors how much they liked the dishes they tried. Such a question may be official and does not require an answer. However, in some cases, they quite sincerely want to know whether their customers like the cuisine of the restaurant where they serve. Then the visitor needs to frankly illuminate the asked question. However, even if you didn’t really like what you ate at this restaurant, try to restrain your emotions and politely indicate the reason for your indignation and dissatisfaction with this or that dish. There are several more general rules behavior in restaurants and cafes. When serving visitors, the waiter always starts with women. In high-end restaurants, the waiter also controls the timely change of ordered dishes. If a given restaurant does not provide such a service, then the responsibility for serving the lady falls on the shoulders of the gentleman. If bottles of alcohol are served in a bucket of ice, then the waiter must open them and pour the contents. Once the bottles are emptied, they should be placed next to the bucket. While in a restaurant or cafe, you can meet acquaintances and friends. The general rules for greeting acquaintances in a restaurant are almost no different from the rules for greeting people on the street. However, there are some differences. If two friends meet in a restaurant or cafe, then, according to the rules of good manners, they should sit at the same table. If for some reason this cannot be done, then the person sitting at the table should get up, go up to a friend, greet him and apologize for the inability to talk and spend time together. In addition, in such a situation, the eldest acquaintance must decide whether to sit at the same table. Also, the eldest decides whether he himself should come up and greet a friend sitting in the hall, or wait until he is invited to greet him. It is unacceptable to approach and sit next to a person who occupies a high social or official position and is already sitting at a table. It's best to wait for an invitation. You can say hello to people sitting at tables in a cafe or restaurant and eating food, but you should not continue the conversation. Smokers may have a question: is it possible to smoke in restaurants and cafes? In some of these establishments smoking is prohibited, as evidenced by the absence of ashtrays on the tables. But there are cafes and restaurants that allow their visitors to smoke. However, when lighting a cigarette, you should remember those around you. It is quite possible that among them there are people who cannot stand the smell of tobacco smoke. Therefore, before you smoke, ask permission from those sitting next to you. The rules of etiquette prohibit smoking between serving the next dish and in the event that one of the neighbors at the table is eating. Paying the bill in a cafe or restaurant, contrary to the prevailing stereotype in Russia, can be paid by both a man and a woman. In addition, according to the rules of etiquette, the inviter must pay the bill in a restaurant or cafe. If a woman pays, she must do it herself, without entrusting the payment or handing over the wallet to the man. To pay the bill, the waiter is called with some kind of signal: a slight movement of the hand or a nod. There is no need to call the employee loudly. In some restaurants, the bill for the ordered dishes is often brought on a small tray or plate. In this case, the visitor takes the bill, quickly and carefully examines it, then puts money into it and puts it back on the plate. You should not scrupulously calculate the cost of each meal eaten and then compare the results obtained with what is written on the bill. This is considered bad manners. In some restaurants and cafes, service is not included in the bill. Then the waiter’s work is assessed by adding 10% to the amount indicated on the bill. Sometimes the service is included in the bill. But even in this case, the change is left to the waiter. If a man has any complaints or questions regarding the amount of the bill to the service staff of a cafe or restaurant, then it is still not worth expressing them in front of a lady. Old good tradition Restaurants around the world have adopted tipping. Giving a waiter or doorman an elegant tip is considered perhaps the pinnacle of restaurant etiquette. There is no need to talk about the existence of any tipping tariffs. IN different countries tip size may vary. It varies in each individual country. This may depend both on the degree of wealth of visitors, and on the level of comfort of the restaurant and the work of the service staff. Modern sages say that the lower tip limit is determined by the rules of etiquette, and the upper limit is determined by the intuition of the person from whom the tip is expected. Be that as it may, tips are one of the income items for restaurant or cafe workers. Not giving a tip means not paying for the work that was done for the visitor by waiters, cooks or cloakroom attendants. It is worth noting that in Russia such a phenomenon as tipping has only recently acquired the status of semi-permitted. Once upon a time, not so long ago, taking tips to employees of catering establishments was strictly prohibited and was equated to bribery. Today everything has changed, and tips are perceived as gratitude from a visitor to a restaurant or cafe for the good or not so good work of the service staff. Today, a person who does not tip the waiter or doorman is perceived by others as ill-mannered, with bad manners, or as a greedy and miser. In short, if you decide to go to a restaurant, you will have to fork out some cash. In Europe, as always, all phenomena develop according to a strictly constructed logical chain. Tipping was never prohibited there. This is probably why catering establishments differ from Russian ones more high quality service. In addition, in Europe, there are conditionally two categories of people working in the field of catering and public services: a) those who must tip (head waiters, hotel servants, taxi drivers, waiters, hairdressers: it is customary to give them 10-12% tips from the amount of the bill; bellhops, doormen, long-distance bus drivers, tour guides, cloakroom attendants: it is customary to tip them based on their own intuition, i.e. the size of the tip is determined by the client b) those who are not required to tip, but can be given with help; hard cash to express your gratitude for performing a special assignment or service for a client (maids, receptionists, elevator operators, cooks, servants of the house where you were invited to visit, program sellers in the theater, circus, etc., gas station attendants). Below is a list of several general rules of behavior when visiting a restaurant or cafe. A man who invites a woman to a restaurant or cafe must arrive before the appointed time. In case of delay. I need to apologize to the lady. The most comfortable place in a restaurant is considered to be a place near the wall, and the most honorable for ladies is facing the entrance. The cups should be held by the ear, without inserting the index finger into it and without putting the little finger aside. After stirring the sugar in the cup, remove the spoon and place it on the saucer. If the saucer is deep, a teaspoon can be placed on its edge. Sipping hot tea or coffee from a spoon is considered a sign of bad taste. There is no need to blow into a cup of hot tea or coffee. You should wait until the drinks cool down. You can only stir them lightly with a spoon so as not to knock it against the walls of the cup. You can only take a cup of hot drinks in your hands. The saucer should be left on the table. There is no need to drink the grounds left after drinking coffee. If the tea is served with lemon, you need to lightly press the fruit slice with a spoon, squeezing out the juice, after which the spoon can be placed on the saucer. The tea is drunk and the remaining lemon slice is left in the cup. The tea bag squeezed out with a spoon should be removed from the cup with the same spoon and placed on a saucer. There is no need to put the used tea bag in the ashtray. If the drink is served in tall glasses and with a straw, then there is no need to drink it completely. The gurgling sound produced at the same time can only interfere with a pleasant conversation with a beautiful companion or friends If cakes with tea or coffee are served butter cream, then they need to be eaten so as not to stain the edges of the cup or glass. To do this, before washing down a piece of cake with tea or coffee, wipe your lips with a napkin. According to the rules of restaurant etiquette, sponge cakes should be eaten with a teaspoon, and dry shortbread should be eaten in your hands. After use, the napkin should be placed in a plate (but not in the ashtray). A smoked cigarette should be extinguished in an ashtray, but not in a plate. If there is a linen napkin on the table near the laid out cutlery, it should be unfolded and placed on your lap. If a woman carelessly drops such a napkin, the man should not pick it up and concentrate on the incident that happened, but, on the contrary, try not to notice his companion’s mistake. The lady will have to choose the time and quietly pick up the dropped napkin. After use, the linen napkin should be left on the table without folding it in half or in four. A salad made from cucumbers and tomatoes should be eaten along with meat served on the same dish. Food served in pots is not placed on plates. CONCLUSION Intelligence is not only in knowledge, but also in the ability to understand another. It manifests itself in a thousand and a thousand little things: the ability to argue respectfully, behave modestly at the table, the ability to quietly help another, take care of nature, not litter around you - do not litter with cigarette butts or swearing, bad ideas. At the heart of all good manners is the concern that one does not interfere with another, so that everyone feels good together. We must be able to not interfere with each other. You need to cultivate in yourself not so much manners as what is expressed in manners, a caring attitude towards the world, towards society, towards nature, towards one’s past. There is no need to memorize hundreds of rules, but remember one thing - the need to respect others. Posted on Allbest.ru Similar documents The importance of a culture of behavior in public places, its relevance. 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Finishing the meal and paying the bill. Rules for eating and behavior in a restaurant. Compliance with all the rules of communication etiquette indicates a person’s high cultural development, his upbringing and manners. Communication with a well-mannered person brings a lot of positive emotions; it is always a pleasure to spend time and do business with him. Culture has evolved and been shaped over many centuries in different ways in different civilizations. But today we have come to the conclusion that the level of culture of the population has dropped significantly compared to the last century. Many people over several generations have no idea how to behave in society, in transport, in a theater or restaurant. I want to tell you some rules of behavior in public places. Let's start with basic standards of behavior on the street. When you walk down the street, you need to be respectful of passers-by; you cannot fasten your fly while walking, tuck in your shirt, pull up your tights, etc. You need to walk smoothly, without waving your arms or the things you are carrying. It is necessary to strictly observe the direction of movement of pedestrians, so as not to collide head-on with oncoming traffic. There is no need to push the person walking next to you, and under no circumstances should you look at beautiful women passing by, pregnant women, disabled people and people with external deformities; this indicates a very low culture. On the street you also cannot spit, litter, chew a toothpick in your mouth, or walk in a line of three or more, as you will block the path of oncoming passers-by. If you meet an acquaintance on the street, then you should not run up to him with shouts and hugs, especially if he is accompanied by people you do not know. The rules of behavior in public places oblige you to politely greet him, and if he has not shown his desire to talk to you, move on. If he does stop, then you should not detain him for long, since your communication partner should not wait for him for long. And vice versa, if you are walking with a girl or another man, then you should not start a conversation with an acquaintance on the street, since it is uncivil to make your companion wait, especially if it is a woman. If you need to discuss something important, then be sure to include your companion in the conversation, men must be introduced to each other, a woman has the right not to introduce herself. But even in this case, the conversation should not take much time. Now behavior in public places public transport. If you are using public transport, then you need to remember a few rules: at the entrance, be sure to let pregnant women, women with children, the elderly and disabled people pass first. If you see that one of the above needs help, it would be tactful to offer your help, but under no circumstances should you grab hands without his permission. When on a bus, metro or minibus, do not enter into conflicts with passengers, give way to preferential categories of people. If someone steps on your foot, don’t shout to the whole bus how much it hurts, it’s tactless. And if you step on someone else’s foot, you should apologize clearly and calmly. In the theatre. If you decide to go to the theater, you need to remember the following rules of behavior in public places: you need to arrive at the theater performance in advance in order to have time to put your outerwear in the wardrobe and get yourself in order. It is necessary to follow the rules of appearance in the theater. Under no circumstances should you dress frivolously, especially jeans and T-shirts. 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