Sewing business involves sewing clothes and household accessories. A business in the clothing industry will definitely bring profit if you have a creative approach. You can open a salon of designer clothes, production soft toys or a workshop for the production of workwear. The possibilities are limited only by your imagination.
WHAT TO CONSIDER IN A BUSINESS PLAN FOR GARMENT PRODUCTION
When opening a sewing enterprise, determine the direction of production:
- clothing - household, special, everyday, children's, adult;
- fabric toys;
- home textiles;
- other accessories.
Plan production volumes - the chosen figure will depend on the starting investment in the business, the size of the premises and the number of personnel.
Having chosen the direction of work, register a commercial structure - LLC or individual entrepreneur. The list of documents for registration is presented in the table.
TABLE: LISTS OF DOCUMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF LLC AND IP
| OOO | IP |
| Receipt for payment of state duty 4,000 rubles. | Receipt for payment of state duty 800 rub. |
| Application on Form 11001. | Application on form P21001. |
| A decision on the creation of a legal entity (if it has one founder) or a protocol on its opening (if there are several founders). | A copy of all pages of the Russian passport. |
| LLC Charter. | |
| Passports of all founders (or copies certified by a notary). | |
| Application in form 26.2-1 for the transition to the simplified tax system (if accounting is supposed to be conducted using this system). |
Applications are reviewed within five working days. Based on the results, you will be invited to the local tax office and given a package of documentation for a legal entity or entrepreneur. After registration, open a bank account and order a company seal.
OKVED codes suitable for clothing production:
- 18.2 - sewing textile clothing and accessories;
- 18.21 — creation of workwear;
- 18.22 - sewing outerwear;
- 18.24 - other clothes and accessories.
When drawing up a business plan, take into account the legal requirements for production premises, make a list of equipment and plan the hiring of employees. Calculate the costs of starting production and monthly expenses. Analyze demand and draw conclusions about possible sales volumes and business return on investment. Below are examples of business plans for a production workshop and a mini-atelier.
HOW TO CHOOSE A TYPE OF BUSINESS - SMALL, MEDIUM OR LARGE
There are three types of manufacturing enterprises: small, medium and large.
To open a small enterprise, it is enough to have premises and 400,000 rubles. for the purchase of equipment and consumables.
The average production volume is 25-50 products per day. A small-scale sewing business is suitable for entrepreneurs who have limited capital and want to produce exclusive items and sell them at prices above the market average.
To organize a workshop with a capacity of 150-200 products, costs of about 5,000,000 rubles are required. At the same time, a powerful workshop pays for itself faster due to wholesale sales of products to large retail chains.
Analyze the regional specifics of the market and identify possible buyers. Find out in what volumes sellers purchase goods on the market, and in what volumes - chain stores. Think over the range of products, focusing on the needs of customers and your resources.
SEWING TECHNOLOGY
- The process of manufacturing garments consists of the following stages:
- model design;
- designing and transferring the model to fabric;
- fabric cutting;
sewing, finishing of the product.
A fashion designer does the modeling. He draws up a sketch of the future product, selects colors and types of fabrics. The designer converts the sketch into a drawing, calculates the dimensions of the parts and the amount of material. He also produces patterns and technical documentation. In an atelier or sewing workshop, the functions of a fashion designer and designer are performed by a cutter - he communicates with the client, takes measurements, cuts out parts, and brings the product into compliance with the specified parameters. The cut parts are sent to the sewing workshop, where they are turned into a finished product.
OPENING A SEWING FACTORY OR SHOP FOR PRODUCING GOODS FOR SALE
In garment factories, products are produced in batches for wide consumption. The workshop is equipped with one or more production lines. The advantages of a workshop over a home workshop are the ability to set affordable prices and sell large quantities of products.
PREMISES REQUIREMENTS
To ensure that the room complies with fire safety standards, equip it with a fire alarm, emergency exit and fire extinguishers.
EQUIPMENT
Having finished renting the premises, proceed to purchasing equipment. Make a list of required units, including:
- sewing machine;
- overlock;
- machine for cutting fabric;
- household iron;
- steam generator;
- cutting knife;
- button apparatus;
- tables and racks;
- consumables - threads, tailor's scissors, chalk and others.
The total costs for equipment are 250,000 rubles, for fittings - 50,000 rubles.
PERSONNEL REQUIRED
The success of the clothing business depends 70% on the level of personnel training. Opening small production, hire:
- two cutters;
- three seamstresses;
- cleaning lady;
- order taker.
At first, the designated number of employees is sufficient. Later, you will be able to involve fashion designers, designers, and highly specialized seamstresses in your work.
To save money, hire 60% experienced employees and 40% beginners - perhaps students. Having gained experience at your enterprise, they will work there for many years.
Pay your staff according to the “salary + interest” system. Create a production plan and reward employees with financial bonuses for achieving their goals.
RAW MATERIALS AND CONSUMABLES
Explore the wholesale databases of fabric manufacturers. Select suppliers based on the price-quality ratio. If you can negotiate direct contracts with the bases, you will save on supplier markups and reduce production costs.
While studying business, ask questions on forums, look for successful entrepreneurs in your region and learn from their experience, make acquaintances, including with suppliers.
Ideally, find a mentor willing to accompany your business. He will tell you where to find high-quality fabrics and accessories, how to purchase equipment and organize the sale of goods.
WHAT IS IT BETTER TO SEW: EVALUATION OF OPTIONS FOR MANUFACTURING CHILDREN'S, WOMEN'S CLOTHING, WORKWEAR AND OTHER TYPES
To find out what products will be in demand in the region, work in several directions simultaneously. Combine sewing evening dresses with the production of fabric souvenirs, and the production of workwear with the production of accessories for the garden.
Make sure that the combinations are not absurd - it is strange when a company that produces hammocks and canopies produces chiffon scarves. summer sundresses simple cut, and your consumer is young mothers, you should not inflate prices.
In any region there is a stable demand for children's clothing - if you can get a certificate for sewing one, consider that you have found a “gold mine”.
Study not only demand, but also supply in the market. Look into competitors' stores, see what they produce and at what prices they sell. Don't try to steal the ideas of other entrepreneurs - use your own ideas to attract buyers.
To prevent your business from burning out at the very beginning, calculate your income and expenses. Determine the payback period of the business. An example of calculations for a workwear sewing workshop with a productivity of 75 products per day is given in the tables below.
TABLE: INITIAL INVESTMENT
| Cost type | Amount (rub.) |
| Registration and execution of permits | 10 000-20 000 |
| 30 000-50 000 | |
| Room renovation | 20 000 |
| Purchase of equipment | 250 000-800 000 |
| Purchase of materials | 70 000-330 000 |
| 20 000 | |
| Total | 400 000-1 240 000 |
TABLE: MONTHLY COSTS
| Cost type | Amount (rub.) |
| Rent of premises for the first month | 30 000-50 000 |
| Purchase of materials | 70 000-330 000 |
| Salary to employees | 75 000-100 000 |
| Electricity, utilities | 15 000 |
| Transport and other expenses | 20 000 |
| Total | 210 000-515 000 |
TABLE: PROJECTED INCOME
The level of income and profit of an entrepreneur depends on the volume of products produced, consumer demand, the availability of a client base and partnerships in the field of trade.
| Wholesale cost of one product | 700-1500 rub. |
| Number of items sold per month | 500 pcs. |
| Average monthly income | 350,000-750,000 rub. |
| Profit per month | 140,000-235,000 rub. |
| Business payback period | 4-7 months |
SALES ORGANIZATION
Possible sales channels for clothing products:
- Network shops;
- private entrepreneurs;
- direct sales;
- trade via the Internet.
At the initial stages, agree with the owners of small stores about the supply of your goods for sale. Later connect large networks and then create your own online store.
WHERE TO START OPENING A MINI ATELIER OR WORKSHOP AT HOME
Opening a home studio is easier than opening a sewing workshop. To do this, you just need to have a modern sewing machine and equip a room in your apartment as a workshop. To develop your business, purchase equipment and organize an advertising campaign. Print and distribute flyers, create an advertising website or group in social network. Study fashion magazines and try to find a “zest” for your products to attract customers who appreciate exceptional things.
PREMISES, EQUIPMENT, PERSONNEL
When you're ready to expand your business and move into rental space, create a business plan. Choose a room of 60-80 square meters. m., meeting the standards of the SES and fire inspection authorities, with good ventilation and a 380V electrical network.
Buy 2-3 sewing machines, racks, an overlocker, a couple of tables and mannequins. Hire employees if you are willing to provide them with wages. The key workers of the atelier are the administrator, the cutter and the seamstress.
STARTING CAPITAL AND PAYBACK FORECAST
Below are tables calculating the costs of opening a mini-atelier with the number of employees - 3 people and output - 1 product per day.
TABLE: COSTS OF STARTING A BUSINESS
| Cost type | Amount (rub.) |
| Renting premises | 10 000 |
| Purchase of equipment (2 machines, overlocker, tables) | 45 000 |
| 30 000 | |
| Total | 85 000 |
TABLE: MONTHLY COSTS
| Cost type | Amount (rub.) |
| Renting premises | 10 000 |
| Salary to employees | 45 000 |
| Purchasing consumables | 10 000 |
| Total | 65 000 |
TABLE: PROJECTED INCOME AND PAYBACK
| Average cost of one product | 3,000 rub. |
| Number of items sold per month | 35 pcs. |
| Average monthly revenue | 105,000 rub. |
| Average monthly income | 40,000 rub. |
| Business payback period | 3 months |
As you can see, a small studio quickly pays for itself, but does not bring much profit to the owner. To increase your income level, you need to expand your business or focus on producing exclusive items at high prices.
HOW TO PROMOTE YOUR SEWING BUSINESS
To make your studio successful, establish a work schedule that is clear and convenient for clients. If you are located in mall, let the opening hours coincide with the center's work schedule.
Create a business card website with a clear description of your services and a group on a social network to maintain contact with customers.
If you sew clothes, pay special attention to customers with non-standard figure- once you please them, and they will come back for new wardrobe items regularly.
Comply with the deadlines and quality of order fulfillment. The best advertisement is the conscientious work of the staff and polite customer service.
The domestic clothing market is overflowing with products from Chinese, Turkish and Polish manufacturers. However, these products are not always characterized by acceptable quality: the parameters of the models do not correspond to figure standards, the size range differs from the generally accepted one, and the quality of tailoring leaves much to be desired. In this situation, buyers are increasingly paying attention to affordable and high-quality products made in local factories.
When drawing up a business plan for clothing production, you need to determine for which consumer the products will be intended. At the initial stage, an entrepreneur should definitely not compete with well-known world brands and focus on a wealthy audience spoiled by the attention of designers - it is better to give preference to the middle segment, in which for the buyer the quality of an item is much more important than the inscription on the tag.
Business Features
An entrepreneur who creates even a small production must understand that this area requires serious training and knowledge of the specifics of the industry. The reason is that many tailors who have successfully implemented the ideas of a sewing business at home or who have experience working in an atelier move to the next stage of development and open their own private factories. To compete with such workshops, you need to have not only organizational, but also creative abilities.To others important factor specialization seems to be: covering even three or four areas within a small enterprise is quite difficult. In addition, when producing heterogeneous products, productivity suffers greatly: seamstresses are forced to constantly switch between operations different types, cannot concentrate on work and ensure the proper speed of technological processes. Therefore, before starting the workshop it is necessary to carry out qualitative research and determine what is best to sew: the sewing business will be profitable only if it focuses on the most popular types of products.
There are two main production models that an entrepreneur can successfully combine when developing a business concept. The first involves work to order: the company is approached by designers and companies that are developing a new product, but do not have the available capacity to manufacture it. In this case, products are released under a third-party brand, which eliminates the cost of promoting it and allows you not to think about sales channels.
When implementing the second model, the enterprise goes through a full cycle, starting with the development of new products and ending with their sale under its own brand. An entrepreneur who chooses this path must clearly understand the quantitative and high-quality composition target audience, to attract which it is necessary to regularly conduct marketing activities. In this case, the attention of potential buyers can be focused on the following factors:
- Quality. The owner evaluates the quality of the item based on many criteria, paying attention to the fabric, threads, accessories, fit, behavior during washing and ironing. It is believed that high-quality clothing should be beautiful, practical and reliable at the same time;
- Price policy. The price of a thing must correspond to its quality - no one will buy expensive consumer goods, but high-quality clothing cannot be cheap either. Unreasonable deviations from the market price most often cause doubts and suspicions among consumers;
- Demand. You shouldn’t get too carried away with the release of exclusive or elite designer models - people buy simple things much more often: a shirt, skirt, jeans or underwear.
Production technology
The process of organizing a clothing business must take place in accordance with generally accepted technology for industrial production of clothing, including the following stages of product creation:
- Design. The fashion designer develops sketches of the future product, selects the type of fabric, accessories and colors;
- Construction. Based on sketches, the designer develops drawings, determines the dimensions of parts, and then creates patterns and technical documentation;
- Open it up. Next, the cutter gets to work. Using patterns, he transfers the details of the product onto the fabric and cuts them out using scissors or cutting units;
- Sewing. Seamstresses finish the edges and then sew the pieces together according to the instructions. At this stage, two methods of labor distribution are used: in the first case, each master sews the product completely, from start to finish, while in the second, the seamstress performs one or two simple operations, and then passes the semi-finished product further along the conveyor;
- Finishing. Operators of auxiliary mechanisms sew buttons, zippers, install rivets and complete the finishing of the product;
- Package. A quality control employee checks the product for compliance with quality requirements, attaches tags to it, and then transfers the product to the warehouse.
Business registration
Entrepreneurs working from home usually do not pay attention to the issues of registering an enterprise and draw up business plans for sewing studios without taking into account tax payments. However, larger-scale production, which employs hired workers, must be legalized. This procedure consists of several simple steps:- Submitting an application in the prescribed form to the Federal Tax Service;
- Registration with tax authorities;
- Choosing an appropriate taxation system;
- Registration in the Pension Fund and the Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund;
- Concluding agreements on the rental of industrial premises, pest control, garbage removal, recycling of fluorescent lamps and washing of work clothes;
- Obtaining work permits from the SES and State Fire Inspectorate;
- Production of company seals;
- Opening a current account.
Businessmen registering a small workshop can choose one of the available forms of ownership - individual entrepreneur or LLC. Before you start a sewing business from scratch, you should study the differences between them and choose the most suitable option:
Comparative characteristics of forms of ownership
| Form | IP | OOO |
| State duty | 800 rub. | 4000 rub. |
| Application for registration | form P21001 | form 11001 |
| Application for transition to the simplified tax system or UTII | + | + |
| Minutes of the meeting on the creation of the SPD | – | + |
| Copies of passports | + | + |
| SPD Charter | – | + |
| Owner's insurance premiums | + | – |
| Authorized fund | – | 10,000 rub. |
| Number of owners | one owner | up to 50 |
| Profit distribution | optional | dividends |
| Registration in funds | when hiring workers | Necessarily |
| Limits of owner's responsibility | personal property | LLC property |
Workshop premises
When looking for a place to locate a workshop, entrepreneurs have to explore dozens of options: creating a sewing business involves using a well-lit, heated room with comfortable conditions for workers. Therefore, mini-factories are often opened on the basis of old administrative buildings, closed kindergartens and schools: the main requirement is the presence of a spacious hall for arranging the production area, as well as several smaller rooms - here you need to equip administrative offices, a bathroom, a dining room and a warehouse.
The location of the enterprise does not affect its status: preference should be given to suburbs, industrial zones and residential areas with low rent. Before organizing a sewing business, you must make sure of the transport accessibility of production - in otherwise the entrepreneur will have to buy or hire a bus to transport employees daily.
The business plan for a small sewing workshop with a monthly turnover of 1.7–2 million rubles should include the rental or purchase of premises that meet the following requirements:
Sufficient area. The area standards for each seamstress are 4–6 m² when producing products from light fabrics, and 7–8 m² when sewing outerwear. It is also necessary to allocate space for passages, install auxiliary equipment, and organize a workplace for the fashion designer and cutters. The final layout of the 210 m² room will include:
- Production area for ten seamstresses - 100 m²;
- Cutting area - 25 m²;
- Ironing space - 15 m²;
- Fashion designer's office - 15 m²;
- Office of the director and accountant - 13 m²;
- Rest and meal room - 20 m²;
- Warehouse - 20 m²;
- Bathroom - 2 m²;
- Electricity supply. The total power consumed by sewing equipment of a workshop of the specified sizes can reach 18 kW. In addition, some machines require connection to a three-phase line with a voltage of 380 V;
- Water supply. According to hygienic requirements, the premises must be connected to water supply and sewerage lines;
- Lighting. Working with a sewing machine requires high precision operations and good coordination of movements. Therefore, the illumination at the desktop level should not be lower than 750 lux. For local illumination of the working area, LED or fluorescent lamps are additionally used;
- Microclimate. For of this type During work, the room temperature in winter should be between 19–25°C with a maximum humidity of 75%. In summer, an increase to 27°C is allowed with a humidity of 55–60%. In any case, the air flow speed should not exceed 0.2–0.5 m/s.
sewing machines
When developing a business plan for a sewing workshop with calculations, an entrepreneur may encounter a huge variety existing species equipment: each manufacturer alone has more than a dozen types of overlockers. To draw up the correct specification, you should select in advance the main profile of the enterprise: for sewing leather jackets a slightly different set of machines is required than for sewing bed linen.
Before opening a sewing business, you should also purchase various racks for fabric, threads and scraps, brackets for patterns and hangers for finished products, and arrange workplaces for the manager, accountant and fashion designer.
Sewing shop equipment
| Name | price, rub. | Quantity, pcs. | Cost, rub. |
| Production | |||
| Straight stitch sewing machine | 19800 | 6 | 118800 |
| Knitting sewing machine | 20300 | 3 | 60900 |
| Hemming sewing machine | 28500 | 1 | 28500 |
| Overlock | 33500 | 2 | 67000 |
| Riveting machine | 40700 | 1 | 40700 |
| Loop machine | 68600 | 1 | 68600 |
| Button machine | 40100 | 1 | 40100 |
| Accessories for machines (needles, belts, presser feet) | – | – | 5000 |
| Sewing machine table | 2800 | 10 | 28000 |
| Overlock table | 2800 | 2 | 5600 |
| Interoperational conveyor | 6200 | 8 | 49600 |
| Table for additional equipment | 3600 | 3 | 10800 |
| Basket for finished products | 2500 | 10 | 25000 |
| Dummy | 4700 | 2 | 9400 |
| Ironing system | 40600 | 1 | 40600 |
| Steam generator | 6500 | 1 | 6500 |
| Clothes rack | 2500 | 10 | 25000 |
| Ironing press | 15600 | 1 | 15600 |
| Warehouse rack | 3500 | 5 | 17500 |
| Packing table | 2500 | 1 | 2500 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 10 | 12000 |
| Sewing machine light | 1350 | 15 | 20250 |
| Air conditioner | 35000 | 1 | 35000 |
| Cutting shop | |||
| Cutting table 1.8x4 m | 34500 | 1 | 34500 |
| Tailoring tools | – | – | 5000 |
| Bracket for patterns | 8500 | 1 | 8500 |
| Rotary knife | 15600 | 1 | 15600 |
| Fabric rack | 3500 | 2 | 7000 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 6 | 7200 |
| Workplace fashion designer | |||
| PC or laptop | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| Printer for printing patterns | 8000 | 1 | 8000 |
| Dummy | 4700 | 2 | 9400 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Table lamp | 1500 | 1 | 1500 |
| Work table | 3500 | 1 | 3500 |
| Chair | 1100 | 2 | 2200 |
| Stationery | – | – | 1000 |
| Office | |||
| Director's PC | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| Accountant's PC | 18000 | 1 | 18000 |
| MFP | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Telephone set | 1500 | 2 | 3000 |
| Network router | 2000 | 1 | 2000 |
| Internet access line | 1000 | 1 | 1000 |
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Table lamp | 1500 | 2 | 3000 |
| Air conditioner | 16000 | 1 | 16000 |
| Work table | 3500 | 2 | 7000 |
| Chair | 1100 | 4 | 4400 |
| Stationery | – | – | 3000 |
| Utility rooms | |||
| Ceiling lighting | 1200 | 4 | 4800 |
| Dining table for staff | 2000 | 4 | 8000 |
| Chair | 900 | 16 | 14400 |
| Bathroom set | 15000 | 1 | 15000 |
| Microwave | 4500 | 1 | 4500 |
| Electric kettle | 1400 | 1 | 1400 |
| Personal locker for clothes | 3300 | 15 | 49500 |
| Total: | 1046950 | ||
Staff
Sewing production requires high team coordination: in the technological process there is a close relationship between workers, so a failure at any stage can lead to a sharp decrease in the productivity of the entire enterprise. Personnel must be selected very carefully, taking into account not only professional, but also personal qualities of employees - responsibility, commitment, diligence. The business plan for a small sewing enterprise involves hiring:
- A fashion designer who creates new products and patterns for them;
- A technologist who develops assembly maps and sequences of operations, as well as controls the process of their implementation;
- Cutters who cut out parts of fabric products according to patterns;
- Seamstresses with experience in handling different types of machines;
- Operators of overlockers, button, rivet and buttonhole machines;
- Specialists working with ironing equipment;
- Administrative staff.
Thus, when developing a business plan for clothing production with calculations, the following staffing table should be included in its composition:
Workshop staffing table
| Name | Rate, rub. | Qty | Amount, rub. |
| Technologist | 30000 | 1 | 30000 |
| Seamstress-motor operator | 25000 | 10 | 250000 |
| Auxiliary Equipment Operator | 25000 | 2 | 50000 |
| Cutter | 28000 | 2 | 56000 |
| Ironing shop worker | 20000 | 1 | 20000 |
| Fashion designer | 30000 | 1 | 30000 |
| Cleaning woman | 15000 | 1 | 15000 |
| Mechanic at ½ rate | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Storekeeper | 10000 | 1 | 10000 |
| Accountant | 20000 | 1 | 20000 |
| Payroll tax | – | – | 147300 |
| Total: | 638300 | ||
According to sanitary requirements, all employees who have direct contact with products must keep their medical records up to date, undergo regular preventive examinations and get vaccinated.
The piecework wage system for seamstresses deserves special attention. The amount of remuneration is calculated based on industry time standards: for example, 21 minutes are allocated for the production of a men's shirt. With an expected monthly salary of 25,000 rubles, the cost of a working minute is 2.37 rubles: thus, a seamstress receives 49.77 rubles for sewing one product. It should be noted that when determining the amount of remuneration, you cannot use the data given in the business plans of sewing studios for small businesses: in individual production, slightly different time standards are used, exceeding industrial ones by tens of times.
Standards for sewing products
Range
Garment industry light industry includes hundreds of different directions: within the framework of the project, an entrepreneur can sew fur coats or produce children's rompers with equal success. The only condition is the specialization of the enterprise: for example, it is quite difficult to organize the simultaneous production of knitted T-shirts and winter clothes. down jackets. Before opening a sewing business from scratch, it is also advisable to take into account the needs of the regional market and the profile of competitors’ activities in order to highlight free niches and organize the production of the most popular goods.
When listing the most popular ideas for the sewing business, we should mention the production of such products as:
- Clothing and linen for babies and young children;
- Teenagers clothes;
- Clothes and underwear made of knitwear;
- Leather, fur and suede products;
- Business suits and clothing for special occasions;
- Wedding dresses and suits;
- Jackets, coats and other outerwear;
- Sports and dance costumes;
- Workwear;
- Curtains, bed linen, bedspreads, tablecloths and other interior textiles.
Raw material suppliers
Currently, there is no shortage of accessories, threads or fabrics on the market: even a small manufacturer can order a batch of raw materials from Europe or China. Some entrepreneurs personally visit Middle Eastern countries because the materials they need are produced only here. However, on the Russian market it is also easy to find suppliers offering the widest range of goods, including delivery and the ability to order via the Internet.
When choosing contractors, it is imperative to focus on the needs of the target audience: for example, European fabrics, although of excellent quality, are characterized by a high price, and therefore products made from them are bought mainly by wealthy clients. Consumers with average incomes prefer things made from materials produced in Russia or China: at a low cost, they are of quite acceptable quality.
Where to start a sewing business: after determining the main range of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish contacts with such suppliers and obtain a catalog of samples. Depending on the product range, a wide variety of fabrics are used in production: cotton, wool, viscose or polyester. In addition, when sewing many types of clothing, duplicating and lining materials are used - dublerin, non-woven fabric, twill. It should be remembered that natural linen, silk or woolen fabrics have the highest price, which directly affects the cost of the product, so it is worth working with them only if there is a guaranteed sale.
Sales of products
Entrepreneurs who start their own clothing business often underestimate the saturation of the market and assume that wholesalers and stores will immediately show interest in new products. However, most often the opposite happens: warehouses are filled with unclaimed products, costs rise, and the new enterprise is gradually approaching bankruptcy. To avoid this, you need to look for distribution channels and enter into agreements with partners at the initial stages of creating a business, simultaneously with searching for premises and selecting equipment.
In contrast to the methods given in the business plans of sewing studios with calculations, activities related to the promotion of industrial production should not be aimed at attracting the end consumer, but at increasing brand awareness. What can be used to stimulate sales:
- Advertising in specialized print media;
- Sponsorship participation in events of interest to the target audience;
- Production of POS materials intended for placement at points of sale;
- Direct contacts with wholesale resellers;
- Negotiations with owners of brick-and-mortar and online stores;
- Outdoor advertising on billboards and city lights.
It is advisable to create a corporate website for an enterprise, since it is much easier to promote a sewing business with its help: here you should place information about the assortment, wholesale and retail prices, terms of cooperation, and publish contact information for wholesale buyers. Some entrepreneurs go further and turn the site into a full-fledged online store that delivers not only to neighboring regions, but throughout the country.
Investments
It is quite difficult to develop a complete economic model of an enterprise: when making calculations, it is used a large number of variable quantities - such as the percentage of defective raw materials and finished products, time standards and material consumption, average labor productivity and much more. The following example of a business plan for sewing production with calculations, compiled for a workshop producing the mentioned products, will help to roughly estimate the profitability. Men's shirts.
Start-up costs
The indicated amount of 1.54 million rubles is not final: to launch the production line, you will also have to purchase materials, threads and accessories in order to provide the enterprise with raw materials for at least a month of operation. The volume of these reserves is calculated taking into account the range and estimated production capacity; in addition to their monthly replenishment, the entrepreneur will have to allocate a certain amount to pay rent and utility bills.
Current expenses
When calculating the material cost of products, industry-standard fabric and thread consumption standards are used, developed for all main types of products. Before starting a clothing business from scratch, it is advisable to study this data and evaluate the profitability of producing certain items of clothing.
Material consumption rates
| Name | Fabric, m | Threads, m | Accessories, rub. | Amount, rub. |
| Straight skirt | 0,8 | 100 | 90 | 166,6 |
| Jacket with lining | 1,5 | 150 | 120 | 885,0 |
| Mens pants | 1,3 | 270 | 80 | 216,3 |
| Lined jacket | 2,2 | 200 | 160 | 1279,8 |
| Shirt | 1,8 | 120 | 100 | 308,5 |
| Knitted blouse | 1,6 | 100 | 80 | 264,6 |
| Long sleeve dress | 2,2 | 150 | 120 | 316,9 |
| Sleeveless dress | 1,5 | 100 | 90 | 224,0 |
Revenues and profitability
In addition to the cost of materials, the price finished product also includes overhead costs and trade margins. The value of the latter is determined mainly by the sales method: in retail sales, the margin can reach 120–200%, while when working with wholesale buyers, the maximum value is 25–35%.
For example, the wholesale price for men's shirts of average quality from Chinese fabrics reaches 540 rubles with a material cost of 308.5 rubles. Taking into account the standard time (21 minutes), the duration of the shift (8 hours) and the number of working days in the month (22 days), we can calculate the monthly production volume for a team of ten seamstresses: in this case it will amount to 5030 products excluding defects.
Product cost calculation
The development of the economic part of a business plan for a clothing factory ends with the calculation of economic indicators - average profitability and payback period of the enterprise. It should be noted that the second value can be adjusted depending on the degree of production utilization and the speed of product sales: in practice, it takes 3–4 months to develop a customer base and reach the design capacity.
Video on the topic
Economic indicators of the workshop
Conclusion
Any sewing business idea should be based on the real needs of customers. To monitor demand dynamics and stay ahead of competitors, you need to constantly study fashion trends and the latest design developments, and then adjust the assortment, offering customers only current models clothes.
It has always been believed that clothing production is a promising and profitable business, therefore, it makes sense to consider an approximate sewing business plan. The most important thing is the correct focus on the consumer and the choice of specifics. This business idea involves a large field of activity, and what is noteworthy is that there is opportunity for growth. For example, having opened a small shop for custom tailoring, you can later organize the production of your own line.
Today, when purchasing things, the client focuses on quality. People who have high incomes can buy clothes from world brands, which cost a lot of money. However, most of the population is forced to purchase inexpensive goods from foreign manufacturers. As a rule, such clothes do not always match the sizes, the patterns are simple, and the tailoring is sloppy. As a result, domestic production has recently become very popular.
Business plan for clothing production
Where to start sewing production
First, it is necessary to conduct a market analysis in the field of clothing production in the region where future opening of your own business is planned. It is worth paying attention to your competitors and what specific services they offer. There may be areas that have not yet been touched upon. The type of work performed and the range are extremely wide:Sewing small and children's clothing;
Clothing repair;
tailoring to order;
tailoring of workwear (uniforms);
sewing outerwear;
sewing interior items (pillows, bedspreads, curtains, etc.);
sewing products from suede and leather.
Of course it's not full list work that the sewing workshop is able to carry out. In addition, in practice it often occurs when several types of services are combined.
Customer Focus
Consumers can be divided into groups, based on purchasing power. If you focus on wealthy clients, you need to ensure high requirements in order to reach a certain level of sales. It is necessary to monitor fashion trends. Also take into account that the buyer will pay attention to the quality of the fabric, perfect fit, tailoring, etc. Sewing production of this level has its own advantages. This is a good income that will be provided by wealthy clients.The most important thing is to maintain the ratio of quality and price. Inexpensive things are not difficult to purchase. But quality, and even at an affordable price, is already problematic. Each buyer will demand perfect tailoring and make claims about the material. How well the seams are processed, how neatly the stitches are made.
In this case, the business plan for clothing production should be created in such a way as to make custom tailoring affordable, but at the same time a good income should be ensured.
Production registration
To organize a sewing production, you need to register a business, or legal entity. face. To register an emergency, you need to prepare a number of documents:Identification code;
registration card;
receipt of state duty;
To register a sewing production as a legal entity. person needs the following documents:
Charter of the enterprise;
a certificate that certifies the registration of a subject to conduct business activities. This document is issued by the district executive committee;
assigned identification code.
It will take 2 months and approximately $100 to complete all the documents.
Premises for sewing production
Business plan for clothing production should include the question of selecting premises. If you plan to produce a small volume, then there are 2 options.1. Small premises are rented;
2. Personnel are hired who will carry out custom tailoring at home. In this case, you will not have to spend money on rent, but it is worth considering that transport costs will increase several times. It is necessary to deliver work to homes, and then pick it up finished products.
If you are planning a large-scale sewing production, you will definitely need to rent large areas to accommodate several workshops. In this case, rent will be the main expense item. It is desirable that the premises do not require major repairs, and that the electrical network has a voltage of 380 V.
Equipment
You need to select equipment based on the scale of production and its specifics. Performed on universal machines greatest number operations. For a mini workshop, 7 pieces are enough. In addition, you will need edge-stitching machines, semi-automatic buttonhole and buttonhole machines. Also, equipment for heat and wet processing is needed.
Staff
It is the employees who determine the quality of the product, which will affect your profit. Well-adjusted machines have virtually no defects, which is why personnel selection is so important. Most the best option when hired workers already have sufficient experience. If sewing production is planned small volumes, 25 people are enough. They must be divided into 2 brigades, which will include:Seamstresses – 7 people;
foreman;
workers for heat and wet processing - 2 people.
In addition, specialists will be required who will monitor and ensure the operation of the entire enterprise:
Design technologist;
cutters – 2 people;
storekeeper;
mechanic;
accountant;
electrician.
Expenses
The main one-time expense item is the purchase of equipment. Monthly costs:Purchase of accessories and materials;
rental of premises;
taxes;
communal payments;
staff salaries.
To start a small workshop that will produce from 25 to 60 units of goods, you will need 15 thousand dollars. The enterprise, which will produce about 200 models every day, involves an initial investment of $150,000.
Approximate business plan for clothing production will help bring this business idea to life.
People will always have a demand for quality clothing, despite high competition and economic instability in the country. The sewing business niche has just begun to actively develop in our country, so you don’t have to worry about the future profitability of this business. We present a detailed business plan for sewing production, which will allow you to properly organize the business and calculate profitability and payback.
At the stage of forming a business plan, it is important to note all the risks and prospects of such production. If you approach the implementation of the project correctly, you can get a good stable income.
Sewing business: definition
This type of production belongs to the light industry. This creative direction can be directly linked to making a profit by making clothes and then selling them. The main thing in the sewing business is competent implementation and clearly thought-out strategies.
In order not to make mistakes in the first stages of the sewing business, communicate with professionals and eminent craftsmen.
In the video you can learn the typical mistakes of beginners.
Video. Typical mistakes when starting a sewing business
Pros and cons of sewing
TO positive aspects businesses include:
- Fast and high return on business.
- High cost of the average check.
- Possibility of long-term storage of products in the warehouse.
To the negative:
- Expensive rental of premises, difficulties in finding the optimal location.
- Low demand for specific products.
- High level of competition in the sewing business.
Choosing the current direction
There is a huge choice in the sewing industry various fields. You can focus on tailoring clothes for children or only for adults, workwear, and seasonal items. You can sew not only clothes, but also household items or accessories.
Any region is consistently famous for its high demand for children's clothing. If you manage to obtain a certificate for permission to sew children's products, you can short time grow rich.
It is very important to take into account the demand for a product in a certain area; for this you need to monitor the market. Careful analysis will be required to achieve a reasonable ratio of income and expenses.
At first, you can specialize in several niches to find yours. However, it is important not to overdo it, the combination prom dress and hammocks for summer cottages look pretty ridiculous.
Production technology from A to Z
The entire stage of sewing consists of 5 points: design, construction, cutting, sewing and finishing. Let's look at each in a little more detail.
The first point is that modeling is done by a designer or fashion designer. He draws up a sketch of the future product, determines the color scheme and suitable fabric.
The design is carried out by the designer, who must transfer the designer’s sketch into the form of a drawing. He calculates the parts and material that will be needed for sewing. At the same time, he draws up patterns and the necessary technical documentation.
In a sewing workshop, the first two steps are usually performed by the cutter. This is the person who combines the functions of a fashion designer and designer. The main stages - cutting, sewing and final finishing - take place in the sewing workshop by professionals in their field.
It is very important to establish clear production technology. This will allow the most productive use of available equipment and labor.
Business plan: main steps
Registration
When creating a sewing production, it is necessary to register the business in local authorities self-government and pass the Fire Inspection inspection. You will also have to create an accounting department with the necessary documentation and storage facilities. Production problems will be eradicated at the very initial stages thanks to reporting, as information about the actual state of affairs will be generated.
If production involves transportation, you need to early stages resolve issues related to logistics.
At the first stages, a production or sewing workshop is formalized as entity. There are two forms of organizations: LLC and individual entrepreneur. Let's compare the package of documents for these types of organizations:
| IP | OOO | |
|---|---|---|
| Amount of state duty | 800 rubles | 4000 rubles |
| Notarized statement | form P21001 | form 11001 |
| Application for transition to a simplified taxation system | required | required |
| Protocol on the creation of a legal entity indicating all founders | not required | required |
| Copies of passports | required | required |
| Articles of association | not required | required |
A package of documents for any type of organization is usually reviewed within 5 days. If the tax service makes a positive decision, the entrepreneur is given an extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs, OGRNIP or individual entrepreneur number, acts of confirmation of registration with the Federal Tax Service and Pension Fund and Rosstat certificate. The LLC's package of documents differs only in the extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and the organization's charter.
After these events, it is necessary to make a seal of the organization, its cost starts from 500 rubles. In addition, it is important to open a bank account. All costs will be about two thousand rubles.
When opening a limited liability company, the authorized capital is established; its minimum amount must be 10,000 rubles.
Selecting a room
Finding an area to locate a business that will meet all the requirements is an important step. At first, saving on rent will not hurt; it can be achieved by renting premises in remote areas of the city. The production premises must be equipped with heating, water supply and electricity.
The dimensions of the room depend entirely on the planned production volumes. If you plan to produce 200 items of clothing daily, then for comfortable and fruitful work you will need a room measuring at least 140 square meters.
The premises must comply with the requirements of the Fire Supervision Authority; in addition to the alarm system, the workshop must have fire extinguishers and evacuation plans installed.
Employees for sewing production
Workers are an integral part of this sector. At the initial stages, the business will need experienced employees who can ensure the success of the garment production. It is worth remembering that in addition to seamstresses, such a production will need designers, managers to receive orders, accountants, mechanics, managers and support workers.
A little later, if resources allow, you can train inexperienced specialists on the production basis, who will then become permanent employees. The percentage of beginners and inexperienced employees in production should be no more than 40%.
The optimal number of employees for a sewing workshop, according to various sources, ranges from 11 to 23 people. They can be grouped into different teams to ensure shift work.
The most optimal method when forming wages is a fixed rate with an added percentage of revenue.
In addition, you can reward employees with additional financial bonuses for achieving goals. This way you can motivate employees to do large amounts of work and encourage them to produce efficiently.
Equipment and consumables for work
To organize and effectively process sewing production you will need:
- automatic programs for clothing design;
- cutting equipment;
- sewing and embroidery machines;
- irons, steam generators and ironing boards;
- washing machines;
- printers for printing on fabrics and other specialized equipment.
For sewing, you can purchase inexpensive sewing machines from Korea or China, proven manufacturers are not inferior in quality to European suppliers. When choosing a semi-automatic loop machine, it is better to opt for imported equipment, since domestic equipment in this area is not fully developed.
Equipment for sewing production does not have to be new. Many businessmen who started sewing, purchase used cars. This saves costs, but also carries certain risks. Old machines can quickly break down.
The total cost of equipment for a workshop with average production indicators will be about 200-300 thousand rubles. Specific figures depend on the type of production and its volume.
The purchase of consumables is an integral and constant cost item in sewing production. Therefore, it is important to find reliable suppliers of fabrics and accessories. It is necessary to familiarize yourself with their reputation in advance to ensure business stability. The best solution would be direct cooperation without intermediaries. Purchasing an initial base of fabrics and accessories will cost approximately 60-100 thousand rubles.
Marketing plan
In any business, it is important to consider the nuances of marketing. When drawing up a business plan, it is necessary to calculate profitability and determine specific points of sale of the product.
For promotion, it is important to conduct advertising campaigns on a regular basis. A base of regular customers should be created already in the first stages of the workshop’s operation. To do this, you need to sell products in all kinds of profitable retail outlets. It's important to remember high quality manufactured products, otherwise there will be no influx of new customers.
Approximate expenses and planned profit
The average initial investment costs are:
- Documentation and registration from 10 to 20 thousand rubles.
- Repair if necessary from 20 thousand.
- Equipment from 200 to 800 thousand.
- Logistics and other expenses from 20 thousand.
- Total initial costs from 330 to 1210000.
Monthly expenses:
- Rent of premises from 30 to 50 thousand.
- Fabrics and consumables from 50 to 300 thousand.
- Salaries for employees range from 75 to 100 thousand.
- Utilities from 15 thousand.
- Logistics from 20 thousand.
- Total: from 190 to 485 thousand rubles.
Projected revenues:
- The wholesale price of one product is from 700 rubles to 1,500 thousand.
- The volume of products sold per month is approximately 500 pieces.
- Average monthly income is from 350 to 750 thousand.
- Average profit taking into account monthly expenses from 160 to 265 thousand.
- The payback period for the business is six months.
It is worth understanding that specific numbers depend on production volume, individual characteristics business.
Sewing business: smart investment or risk
To successfully open a clothing production, it is important to become familiar with all the intricacies of the light industry. Experienced economists and lawyers will help you draw up a detailed business plan tailored to specific conditions.
In such a difficult task as sewing, it is important to focus on the needs of customers. One of the main tasks is to maintain high level product quality. Don’t forget about the high competition in this industry. If you have not only the skills, but also the steely grip to keep your business afloat, the clothing industry will pay off for you.
Video. Business plan for opening a clothing production
Being engaged in sewing at home, many people think about opening a full-fledged business - their own atelier or even a sewing workshop. If you are one of those who are interested in the question of where to start sewing production, then this article is just for you.
In a business area such as clothing production, competition is quite high, so your production must stand out from competitors with excellent product quality and competitive prices. When starting this type of business, it is better to immediately decide on your specialization - bed linen, knitwear or even a specific type of clothing (working clothes, winter jackets
etc).
Drawing up a business plan
- Let's determine the amount of initial costs for opening a sewing workshop:
- equipment from 350 thousand rubles;
- advertising from 50 thousand rubles;
- rent before opening from 40 thousand rubles;
renovation of premises from 70 thousand rubles.
- In total, at first you will have to spend from 510 thousand rubles. In addition, you will have monthly expenses, which will be:
- rent from 40 thousand rubles;
- materials for work from 350 thousand rubles;
- advertising from 30 thousand rubles;
- taxes.
Every month you will need to spend from 620 thousand rubles. In total, in the first six months of work you will have to spend at least 1,130 thousand rubles.
Since the above business plan assumes the presence of 10 employees, you can count on 800 thousand rubles of profit per month. Taking into account the fact that the first months of work, after opening a sewing business from scratch, the profit will be less, we can assume that the payback period will occur no earlier than 6 months after the start of work.
Selection of premises
Before you open a sewing production from scratch, you need to start looking for suitable premises. Such premises may be premises of suitable size, located in the industrial part of the city, where the rent is significantly lower than the cost of rent in the city center.
When selecting the area of the premises, it is necessary to focus on sanitary standards, which establish that each employee must have at least 7 square meters.
In addition, the premises for sewing production should include, in addition to the sewing workshop, an ironing area, a cutting room, a warehouse, a recreation area and a bathroom.
Read also: Small business ideas in a garage: what kind of production can be opened with minimal investment
Required Documentation
Before opening a sewing workshop, you need to formalize everything Required documents, for legal work. Initially, you need to register the workshop as a legal entity. This can be done by registering an individual entrepreneurship (IP) or a limited liability company (LLC). If you decide to register as an individual entrepreneur, you must indicate following codes All-Russian classification of types of economic activity (OKVED):
- 18.2 – creation of textile clothing and accessories;
- 18.22 – sewing outerwear;
- 18.21 – creation of special clothing;
- 18.24 – other clothes and accessories.
After you register ownership, you need to make a seal and open a bank account.
In addition, even before starting work, you will have to obtain permits from the fire inspectorate, Rospotrebnadzor and SES to ensure compliance with all the requirements of the prepared premises.
Equipment selection
For the full operation of the sewing workshop, you will need to purchase the following equipment:
- sewing machines;
- overlockers;
- cutting machines;
- steam generator;
- loop binding machine;
- tables for intermediate operations;
- consumables for equipment.
When purchasing equipment, you should pay attention to its reliability, the possibility of warranty and post-warranty service, as well as reviews about this equipment. You should not save too much on equipment; it is better to purchase not new equipment, but reliable and well-proven brands.
We are engaged in advertising and searching for suppliers
To successfully implement your business idea, you will have to conduct a good advertising campaign. You need to spare no expense and order yourself a colorful and memorable sign. You definitely need to take care of advertising your sewing workshop in the media - newspapers, magazines, television and radio, and on the Internet. For advertising on the Internet, it would be nice to create your own website, in addition to advertising on third-party resources.
You can find suppliers of high-quality materials and accessories on the Internet, at wholesale stores, by asking on specialized forums or from friends. The main condition should be the quality and regularity of supplies. After all, if your suppliers of raw materials let you down and because of this you cannot complete your order on time, your reputation will suffer. Therefore, suppliers should be selected very carefully.
