Early spontaneous miscarriage, causes, symptoms, treatment. How to identify the symptoms of miscarriage

Pregnancy is one of the most desirable stages in a woman’s life. But sometimes it ends spontaneously, called a miscarriage. Typically, a miscarriage occurs early pregnancy, and this can be due to various reasons.

According to medical statistics, one out of five pregnancies ends in miscarriage. Most often, miscarriage occurs in the early stages, when the woman does not yet know about her situation: a miscarriage during a 2-week pregnancy has virtually no symptoms. But there are, of course, cases when a woman already knows about her situation, but loses her child. To prevent the tragedy from happening again, she needs to know how to protect herself from miscarriage and what factors cause it.

Causes of early miscarriage

First you need to define what is an early miscarriage? According to gynecological terminology, a miscarriage is a spontaneous termination of pregnancy up to 20 weeks. It may occur for the following reasons:

• Genetic disorders of the fetus. Genetics believe that about 75% of miscarriages occur precisely because of this factor. There is no need to be afraid of this, since most often such deviations are accidental. They can be provoked by various viral diseases, radiation exposure and other external negative influences. Pregnancy in this case is terminated due to the so-called natural selection, which helps to get rid of unhealthy or non-viable offspring. It is almost impossible to avoid such spontaneous abortion. Due to the large number of negative environmental influences, the risk of developing genetic abnormalities cannot be prevented.
• Hormonal imbalance during pregnancy. Often miscarriage in early pregnancy occurs due to a lack of the hormone progesterone in the female body. Such a failure in hormonal background may occur for various reasons, but most often it is possible to prevent miscarriage at an early stage if the disorder is detected in a timely manner. For this, the woman is prescribed a course of hormonal medications. Women also have another hormonal problem – high levels of male hormones. They help reduce the synthesis of estrogen and progesterone, which help pregnancy proceed normally. Thyroid and adrenal hormones can also affect pregnancy, so these organs should be tested before planning.
• Immunological factor. Many people know about such a phenomenon during pregnancy as. It occurs when the fetus inherits from the father negative factor blood, and the mother is positive. As a result, the female body perceives pregnancy as something foreign and rejects it. If there is a risk of early miscarriage, the woman in this case is prescribed treatment, which involves taking the hormone progesterone, which acts as an immunomodulator.
• Infectious diseases in women. Today there are many sexually transmitted diseases. They can lead to early miscarriage. These diseases include: toxoplasmosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, herpes, chlamydia, cytomegalovirus and others. When planning a pregnancy, you should know that many of these infections can be asymptomatic. Therefore, before becoming pregnant, it is important to eliminate their presence in the body. Spontaneous termination of pregnancy is associated with infection of the embryo and damage to the membranes. If such diseases are detected during pregnancy, it is necessary to immediately begin their treatment in order to reduce the degree of their impact on the fetus.
• Poor women's health and chronic diseases. The likelihood of miscarriage in early pregnancy increases when a woman becomes ill and there are heat and intoxication of the body. The most dangerous diseases for a pregnant woman: viral hepatitis, rubella and influenza. Even rhinitis or sore throat during early pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage. More serious diseases threaten not only the course of pregnancy, but also the health of the unborn child. It is necessary to be examined for the presence of chronic diseases and start treating them. It is also important to tell your doctor immediately about any problems you have.
• Previous abortions. Big number women because various reasons had abortions. Such interference in the body puts severe stress on it. The consequence of an abortion can be an inflammatory process in the female organs, the development of ovarian and adrenal dysfunction. These complications disrupt the normal course new pregnancy. Induced abortion leads to secondary infertility. When a new pregnancy occurs, a woman must inform her doctor about the abortion.
• Taking certain medications and herbal treatment. Everyone knows that some medications can cross the placenta to the fetus and negatively affect it. Taking such drugs is most dangerous in the first trimester of pregnancy. This is due to the fact that during this period all the systems and organs of the unborn child are formed, and if negative impact medications, abnormalities in the formation of the fetus may occur, and consequently, early miscarriage. Dangerous drugs include some groups of antibiotics, contraceptives, and medications that relieve pain. If a woman took them before she found out she was pregnant, she should tell her doctor about it. Traditional methods of treatment can also have a negative effect on the fetus. The most dangerous herbs for a pregnant woman are: St. John's wort, tansy and nettle. Even seemingly harmless parsley leads to uterine tone, and as a result, to miscarriage.
• Stress. Very often unexpected reasons lead to early miscarriage. One of them is stressful situations that have Negative influence during pregnancy. Under forced circumstances that lead to stress, a pregnant woman should inform her doctor. You can’t start taking it yourself sedatives: They can harm the fetus even more.
• Excessive physical activity. During pregnancy, a woman needs to stop lifting weights, and, if necessary, evenly distribute the load and give herself rest. The maximum permissible weight for a pregnant woman is 5 kg.
• Injury. Falls and injuries rarely lead to spontaneous abortion, since the embryo is reliably protected in the mother's womb. But if such situations arise, it is better to consult a doctor.
• Hot bath. There are rare cases of miscarriages when a woman abuses hot baths. To reduce the risk of spontaneous abortion, a woman does not need to completely abandon such procedures; she should not make the water too hot, and stay in the bath for no more than 15 minutes.
• Bad habits of the expectant mother. and alcohol abuse during pregnancy can cause early miscarriage. Excessive coffee consumption and lack of outdoor activities also have a negative impact on the development of the unborn child.

Symptoms and signs of miscarriage

The most common symptoms of miscarriage in early pregnancy include painful sensations lower abdomen and bleeding. The pain may radiate to the lumbar region. In this case, the pain is not constant, but appears periodically. If you experience red or Brown You should immediately consult a doctor to avoid spontaneous abortion.

Signs of a threatened miscarriage include uterine tone, but only when it causes the woman discomfort and is accompanied by pain. If there are no unpleasant sensations with tone, then the doctor recommends only reducing physical activity and avoiding stress.

At any stage of pregnancy, the symptoms of miscarriage are similar to each other, only their soreness and abundance of discharge may differ. In the second trimester, damage to the amniotic fluid sac is added, accompanied by fluid leaking from the vagina, blood clots during urination, and very severe pain in the shoulder or stomach, indicating internal bleeding.

How does early miscarriage occur?

An early miscarriage does not happen overnight. This process can last several hours or several days. This goes through several stages:

1. First stage: threat of miscarriage. They appear with her. Gradually they increase, and they become paroxysmal. At the same time, blood begins to be discharged from the vagina. At this stage, timely seeking medical help gives a great chance of maintaining the pregnancy, since the uterus is still closed.
2. Second phase. Placental abruption begins, as a result of which the embryo experiences oxygen starvation. It is no longer possible to stop spontaneous abortion, since the fetus dies.
3. Third stage. During this period, the placenta has completely separated, but the dead fetus remains in the uterus. From this moment his separation begins.
4. Fourth stage. Wherein stillbirth leaves the uterine cavity along with the placenta. After this, the doctor carefully examines the woman and, if necessary, removes remaining tissue.

During what periods of pregnancy do miscarriages most often occur?

Miscarriage most often occurs at a very short stage of pregnancy - 2-3 weeks. At the same time, the woman does not yet know about her pregnancy and perceives an early miscarriage as the beginning of menstruation. It is associated with similar symptoms: bloody issues and pain in the lower abdomen.

Less commonly, miscarriage occurs in the later stages up to 20 weeks. Spontaneous miscarriage late in pregnancy after 20 weeks is called stillbirth.

Diagnosis of miscarriage in the early stages

The risk of early miscarriage is reduced to a minimum when the woman, at the planning stage, took all the recommended tests and examinations, and also treated the identified diseases. In this case, the threat of miscarriage is diagnosed during planning, and treatment is carried out in advance.

If there was no preliminary examination and treatment, then a doctor can diagnose an early miscarriage during an examination. To do this, the following manipulations are carried out:

• the size of the uterus is checked for compliance with the set period;
• it is determined whether the uterus is in good shape;
• the closure of the cervix is ​​checked;
• attention is paid to vaginal discharge.

At a later date the most reliable way determine the threat of miscarriage - performing a transvaginal ultrasound. At the same time, the length of the cervix and its internal condition are checked.

If there is bleeding and other serious threats of miscarriage, the woman is admitted to the hospital, and if there is no concern about the condition of the pregnancy, she remains treated at home.

Types of miscarriages

Spontaneous abortion can be classified into several types:

1. An incomplete miscarriage is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen or lower back, while the cervix opens. As the cervix opens, the membranes burst, but the pain and bleeding do not stop.
2. Complete miscarriage. After death, the fetus or embryo completely leaves the uterine cavity. Bleeding stops and other unpleasant symptoms disappear.
3. Failed miscarriage. The dead fetus or embryo remains in the uterus. This condition is also called, and it is detected only during a doctor’s examination when listening to the heartbeat. At the same time, all signs of pregnancy disappear. If a missed miscarriage is diagnosed, the woman undergoes uterine curettage.
4. A recurrent miscarriage is defined as when a woman has had at least three spontaneous abortions in the first trimester.
5. Anembryony is characterized by the onset of fertilization without the formation of a fetus: the egg is implanted in the uterus, but the embryo is not there. A woman has a missed period and may have other signs of pregnancy.
6. Choriadenoma occurs due to a genetic error during fertilization: instead of a fetus, abnormal tissue grows in the uterus. Its first signs are similar to pregnancy.

Any such conditions end in spontaneous miscarriage or mechanical abortion.

Is it possible to prevent early miscarriage?

As mentioned earlier, it is possible to stop an early miscarriage only if you seek medical help in a timely manner. If a threat of spontaneous miscarriage is detected, the doctor first prescribes bed rest. Sometimes the woman is not even allowed to get up. It is necessary to reduce physical activity to a minimum.

Any disturbances and negative thoughts. It is important to try to avoid stressful situations. The doctor may even prescribe valerian or motherwort as a sedative.

Appointed drug treatment, which blocks the contraction of the uterus, which helps stop a miscarriage. If necessary, the doctor prescribes an additional intrauterine ultrasound. If insufficiency is detected, an operation is performed in the hospital to apply sutures to the uterus, helping to preserve the fertilized egg inside. It is done under general anesthesia, and relaxing drugs are injected into the uterus.

It happens that a woman is diagnosed with a threat of miscarriage in the early stages, and she spends almost the entire pregnancy in the hospital.

Consequences after a miscarriage

After a spontaneous miscarriage in the early stages, the doctor may give several days for the remaining fetal tissue to come out on its own with vaginal discharge. If this does not happen, it is prescribed mechanical cleaning uterine cavity: curettage and subsequent restoration of the body are performed.

In this case, you need to monitor the discharge, and if you have any suspicions, immediately consult a doctor. Continuous bleeding at the beginning of menstruation after an early miscarriage may be due to residual membranes in the uterus. To diagnose them, the doctor performs an ultrasound and, if necessary, performs repeated cleaning. If nothing is found in the uterus, drugs are prescribed to actively contract the uterus and stop bleeding.

A rise in body temperature may indicate the onset of an inflammatory process. In this case, you also need to seek medical help. If there are no complications, the body recovers within 1-2 months.

Many couples experience spontaneous miscarriage in early pregnancy. An early miscarriage should not become an obstacle to the desire to have a child. If there was a single miscarriage in the early stages, then the chances of a normal course of the subsequent pregnancy are 80%.

With repeated miscarriages, the likelihood of a normally developing pregnancy is significantly reduced. To prevent this from happening, you need to determine the cause of the miscarriage, and if it is any disease, be sure to treat it.

You can plan a new pregnancy only a few months after a miscarriage or uterine curettage.

Preventive measures

Women who have experienced miscarriage once worry about how to prevent spontaneous abortion the next time. You can increase the likelihood of a normal course of your next pregnancy by following some preventive measures:

• complete refusal bad habits: smoking, drug and alcohol use;
• maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
• moderate physical activity.

If a new pregnancy is detected, you should:

1. Consult your doctor as soon as possible so that he can, if necessary, prescribe medications for normal development early pregnancy.
2. Reduce consumption of strong tea and coffee.
3. Avoid lifting weights and playing sports, especially if there is a risk of falling or injuring yourself.

You still can easily fit into skinny jeans, you haven’t yet encountered morning sickness, age spots, stretch marks on the stomach. But you already have a test with two red stripes - the main proof that you belong to the happy class of pregnant women.

Your treasure is still very tiny. Only the most sensitive equipment can detect his presence in your womb. But this doesn’t stop you from coming up with a name for him, talking to him and stopping at stores with baby clothes to look for something for an unborn but already existing baby. But this joyful prospect, this rosy illusion can be interrupted overnight by a terrible and inexorable word.

According to statistics, 15-20% of all pregnancies end in miscarriages. In most cases, this happens when the woman does not yet realize that she is pregnant. But sometimes this also happens to those who have already become attached to their belly and love him. How to console a woman in this case? Only with the next pregnancy. But those who have had such a misfortune in their lives, and those who have not yet experienced the bitterness of loss, should undergo a short educational program on issues related to miscarriage. The most important thing is to know what factors can cause miscarriage and what can be done to prevent miscarriage.

The small embryo develops in the uterus, embedded in its mucous membrane, for nine months. If for some reason it is expelled from the uterus before 22 weeks of pregnancy, then they speak of spontaneous abortion. Or, as it is more commonly called, a miscarriage.

Miscarriage can be early - up to 12 weeks, and late - from 12 to 22. Expulsion of the fetus from the uterus at 23 to 37 weeks is considered premature birth. From 37 to 42 weeks - urgent birth, that is, normal. But if childbirth occurs after 42 weeks, then it is called late and in this case it is said that the woman is “post-term.”

There is also its own, so to speak, classification of newborns. If childbirth occurs before 22 weeks, doctors talk about the expulsion of the fetus from the uterus. But a fetus born between 22 and 37 weeks is already considered a premature newborn. At the same time, he must weigh at least 500 grams and have a height of at least 25 cm. last years doctors finally came to a consensus that the border between miscarriage and premature birth should be considered the sixth month, or more precisely -22-27 weeks of pregnancy. As experience shows, starting from the twenty-eighth week of pregnancy, the newborn has a chance to survive. Along with miscarriage (spontaneous abortion), which occurs without outside intervention, there is also a so-called artificial abortion (from the Latin abortus artificialis\ in which the pregnancy is deliberately terminated by prescribing medications or minor surgical intervention. Approximately 10% of pregnancies end in miscarriage. The first symptoms of a miscarriage are cramping pain in the lower abdomen and bleeding. When examining the blood released during a miscarriage, in more than 50% of cases the fetus could not be detected at all, or it had pathologies. Thus, a spontaneous miscarriage is a natural termination of pregnancy, which is regulated by the body itself. women.

Symptoms:
Cramping pain in the lower abdomen.

Bleeding in the first 22-27 weeks of pregnancy.

Rules and exceptions

Typically, a baby born before six months is not viable. Only in one case out of a hundred do doctors manage to save the life of this tiny creature. As an example, we can recall one five-month-old Danish girl who was born with the weight of a chicken - 675 grams! There was practically no chance of saving her; such babies are not able to “mature” in an ordinary incubator. But the doctors put the baby in... a font with a nutrient solution, creating for her some semblance of a mother’s womb. And the girl survived! Seven-month-old babies survive quite easily, naturally, with proper care and under medical supervision. But eight-month-old newborns have a paradoxical situation! - there is practically no chance of survival...

Why do spontaneous abortions occur? What prevents the fetus from developing normally inside the uterus? What forces expel him from his mother’s womb prematurely?

Miscarriage - SYMPTOMS

If you notice the first signs of impending trouble in time, you can usually save the pregnancy. Symptoms may vary, but any kind of bleeding should be considered a dangerous signal.

Pain in the lower abdomen or lower back, especially cramping pain, spotting, bleeding - if any of these symptoms appear, immediately consult a doctor, call an ambulance. In such situations, every minute counts. Bleeding with pieces of tissue indicates that a miscarriage has already occurred.

Although bleeding is not always a threat. A miscarriage begins with bleeding, progressing from light to heavy, as well as possible cramping. Sometimes it is very small, no more than a drop. Sometimes the blood is bright red, sometimes dark brown. The bleeding may be very light but may continue for several weeks.

The woman may feel abdominal or other cramps discomfort, reminiscent of those that occur during menstruation. Some women experience pain, but not all. Then all this may stop completely, and then resume again. If treatment is started immediately, in some cases the embryo can be saved and the pregnancy can be brought to its logical end - childbirth.

Or it may be that once a woman becomes pregnant, she feels quite normal for several weeks or months. And suddenly, suddenly, she starts having contractions and bleeding.

If among the discharge she finds something similar to particles of an embryo, then a miscarriage has occurred and the pregnancy has ended. Usually the fetus dies a few days or weeks before nature removes it from the womb. Therefore, parts of it are small and may not be noticed among the blood discharge. Actually it reminds me of a miscarriage inflated balloon gray-white color.

This is the case if the placenta is not ruptured. Or you may see pearly white particles in blood clots. Then you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

We will talk about early miscarriages that occur before 12 weeks, since the vast majority of them happen during this period. So, the most common causes of miscarriages in early pregnancy:

1. Genetic disorders in the fetus
   According to statistics, about 73% of miscarriages occur for this reason. As a rule, these genetic defects are not hereditary in nature, but are the result of single mutations that occurred in the germ cells of the parents under the influence harmful factors external environment (radiation, occupational hazards, viruses, etc.) Termination of pregnancy for this reason is a kind of natural selection - getting rid of weak, non-viable offspring. It is almost impossible to prevent such a miscarriage; you can only reduce the risk of genetic abnormalities even before conception, protecting yourself as much as possible from the effects of mutagenic factors. But in modern ecology, the likelihood of mutations still remains, therefore miscarriages that occur for this reason can be considered a blessing, because they save a woman from many problems and troubles in the future.


2. Hormonal disorders
   When the balance of hormones in a woman’s body is disturbed, early pregnancy termination often occurs. Most often this happens due to a lack of the main pregnancy hormone - progesterone. If this problem is detected early, pregnancy can be saved with the help of progesterone medications. Excess male sex hormones can also cause early miscarriage– they suppress the production of estrogen and progesterone. Often, androgens are the cause of repeated (habitual) miscarriages. Hormones of the adrenal glands and thyroid glands also influence the formation and development of pregnancy. Therefore, dysfunction of these glands can also cause miscarriage.


3. Immunological causes
   As a rule, this happens with Rhesus conflict. The embryo inherits Rh positive father, while the mother's Rh-negative organism rejects embryonic tissues that are foreign to it. To prevent miscarriage during an immune conflict, progesterone preparations are used, which in this case have an immunomodulatory effect.
4. Sexually transmitted infections: trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, chlamydia, as well as herpetic and cytomegalovirus infection often cause miscarriage.
   Pathogenic bacteria and viruses cause infection of the fetus, damage to the membranes, resulting in miscarriage. To prevent this from happening, it is advisable to treat infections before pregnancy.


5. Common infectious diseases and inflammatory diseases internal organs .
   All diseases accompanied by intoxication and an increase in body temperature above 38 o C can lead to miscarriage. Rubella, viral hepatitis, and influenza are at the top of this list. Even a banal sore throat can become fatal at 4-10 weeks of pregnancy. And pneumonia, pyelonephritis, appendicitis are a serious risk for the fetus. That is why, when planning a pregnancy, it is worth undergoing a full medical examination, identifying and treating all foci of chronic infection.


6. History of abortion
   Abortion is not just a medical manipulation: it is a huge stress for the female body, which can cause dysfunction of the ovaries and adrenal glands; promoting the development of inflammatory processes in the genital organs. This can cause infertility and recurrent miscarriages in the future.


7. Medicines and herbs
   In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is advisable to avoid taking medications altogether. Many of them can cause abortion or cause developmental defects in the fetus. So, for example, narcotic analgesics or hormonal contraceptives often cause abortion. You also need to be careful with medicinal herbs: parsley, nettle, cornflower, St. John's wort, tansy - contraindicated for early pregnancy.


8. Stress
   Severe fear or unexpected grief, resentment or prolonged mental stress are dangerous for the little creature in your womb. If, by the will of fate, you are forced to be under the influence of stress, discuss with your doctor the possibility of taking sedatives, at least valerian.


9. Unhealthy Lifestyle
   Taking alcohol, drugs, smoking, regularly drinking coffee, unhealthy and poor nutrition - all these are allies of miscarriage. It is better to adjust your lifestyle before conception.


10. Falls, heavy lifting, sexual intercourse
    All this, although rare, can become a trigger for termination of pregnancy, so take care of yourself, and therefore your baby!

Many are convinced that spontaneous abortion occurs due to a fall, bruise or some other physical shock. Any woman who has had a miscarriage can remember that not long before she either fell or lifted something heavy.

And I am sure that I lost my unborn child precisely because of this. But the reason is not this, but in the disorders of the pregnancy itself.

Approximately half of spontaneous abortions occur due to abnormal genetic development of the fetus, which can be hereditary or accidental. The woman’s body itself destroys the defective and non-viable fetus. But you shouldn't be afraid of it.

If one embryo has a defect, it does not mean that all the others will be the same.

The other half of spontaneous abortions are caused by various known and unknown factors, such as various types of acute infectious diseases suffered in the first trimester of pregnancy, poor environment or difficult working conditions, excessive psychological or physical stress, abnormal development of the uterus, radiation, alcohol, drugs and some types of medications.

Among infectious diseases The leading role is played by influenza, which is the most common disease.

Miscarriage can occur due to a sore throat, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, appendicitis and other acute inflammatory processes in various systems and organs. One of the reasons why spontaneous abortion can occur is very poor nutrition (malnutrition and hunger), as well as elevated blood sugar levels.

TO common reasons the previous one applies artificial interruption pregnancy.

An induced abortion during the first pregnancy is especially unfavorable. Women are often prescribed progesterone, since many pregnancy terminations occur due to a lack of this particular hormone in the mother's body.

It must be said that, regardless of the reason for which a miscarriage occurs, doctors have identified a depressing pattern: with each spontaneous termination of pregnancy, the danger that the same thing will happen again during the next pregnancy increases.

There is a diagnosis: habitual miscarriage, which means that the woman had not one miscarriage, but several. This diagnosis is usually made if a woman has had three spontaneous abortions in a row without normal pregnancy. But in no case should we forget that after a miscarriage it is absolutely possible to give birth healthy child.

It should be remembered: despite the fact that each miscarriage reduces the chance of a subsequent successful pregnancy outcome, a woman can still give birth to a full-fledged healthy child.

A miscarriage is considered to be an interruption of pregnancy before 22 weeks or when the fetal weight is less than 500 g, regardless of the presence or absence of signs of fetal life.

How does a miscarriage occur?

A miscarriage is the premature exit of the fetus from the mother's body. There are two options for this process, which directly depend on the timing of pregnancy.

The first option is a miscarriage by type of rejection. This type of miscarriage is observed in the first trimester of pregnancy as a result of an immune conflict between the mother and fetus. As a result, the functions of the future placenta are disrupted and antibodies are produced to the cells of a “foreign” body. In this case, the chorion is destroyed, and the fertilized egg is expelled from the uterine cavity. The process is accompanied by bleeding of varying degrees - most often it is heavy bleeding.

The second type of miscarriage occurs according to the type of birth, and is observed in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. The main role in this variant is played by a change in the tone of the uterus - a significant increase in the tone of the uterine muscles or insufficiency of the uterine closure apparatus. In this case, contractions, opening of the cervix and the birth of the fetus are observed.

How to understand that a miscarriage has occurred?

During miscarriages in the first trimester, nagging pain occurs in the lower abdomen, spotting red-brown discharge appears, bleeding may appear, and sometimes the urge to urinate and defecate. In this case, the fetus completely or partially leaves the uterine cavity with blood clots.

At later stages, miscarriage proceeds according to the type premature birth with contractions and cramping pain, release of amniotic fluid and the fetus with its membranes, in whole or in part.

What to do if there is a miscarriage?

If you notice the appearance of bloody discharge in the early stages of pregnancy, consult your doctor immediately, as there is still a chance of continuing the pregnancy until heavy bleeding occurs. If there is heavy bleeding, hospitalization is necessary, since large blood loss, blood poisoning and death for the woman are possible. It is usually not possible to maintain pregnancy in such cases.

If a late-term miscarriage occurs, a visit to the doctor or hospitalization is also necessary, since fetal membranes may remain in the uterine cavity, the infection of which poses a threat to the life and health of the mother.

What to do if a miscarriage occurs at home?

If you have any miscarriage or suspect one, immediately call a doctor or an ambulance! Try to clearly and clearly tell the dispatcher your address, the symptoms that are bothering you and the timing of your pregnancy.

You should also know what a woman should do before help arrives if a miscarriage occurs:

1. Lie on the bed and place a folded blanket or pillow under your buttocks to help reduce bleeding.
2. Cold (an ice pack, if you don’t have one - any frozen food, wrapped in a towel, a heating pad with as cold water as possible) on the lower abdomen.
3. Remember your blood type and Rh factor (you may need a blood transfusion). It is better to write down this information and put a note next to it.
4. Do not throw away diapers, towels and blood-soaked materials - the doctor needs them to assess blood loss.
5. Monitor your general condition - measure your blood pressure and pulse before the doctor arrives.
6. If possible, prepare a set of instruments for gynecological examination and curettage.

What happens after a miscarriage?

After a spontaneous miscarriage occurs, fetal membranes, blood clots, and remnants of amniotic fluid remain in the birth canal, which become infected and decompose. Complete release of all membranes is extremely rare, which requires diagnostic curettage of the remains from the uterine cavity and suturing of ruptures, if any.

Spontaneous miscarriages are a signal about the need for examination to prevent future miscarriages. It is necessary to find out the cause of the miscarriage and eliminate it. In the early stages of pregnancy, miscarriages rarely threaten a woman’s reproductive health and more often prevent the birth of a child with chromosomal abnormalities development, often incompatible with life.

• The doctor will most likely do an ultrasound, through which you can see the presence of a fetus in the uterus. If you are pregnant, an ultrasound will also allow your doctor to see if the fetus is developing properly. In addition, at longer periods the doctor can check the fetal heartbeat.
• Your OB/GYN will examine your vagina so you can see if your cervix is ​​dilated.
• The results of blood tests will allow your doctor to evaluate your hormonal levels.
• If you have brought tissue in an airtight container that you think may be fetal tissue, your doctor will do the necessary testing to confirm or refute your concerns.

A miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy. The reasons can be both natural (internal) and artificial (external).

During pregnancy, placental abruption occurs, which is a direct threat to the pregnant child.

IN modern world It is quite difficult for women to become pregnant, carry, and then give birth to a child due, first of all, to the unfavorable environmental situation. In addition, poor diet, heavy physical activity, smoking and alcohol also contribute to miscarriage.

Surgery offers several types of uterine cleansing, depending on the stage of pregnancy. The medications are designed to stimulate the process of uterine contraction and subsequent cleansing of the embryo.

The first sign of a miscarriage is a nagging pain in the lower abdomen, which can be quite long-lasting (several hours or days), as well as bleeding.

An experienced specialist will tell you how to provoke a miscarriage with the help of medications, as well as how to properly restore the body after such a procedure, minimizing the negative impact on the body as much as possible. female organs.

In all cases, a miscarriage looks the same. In the early stages it is bloody discharge, and in later stages it is blood clots or blisters with blood vessels.

It should be distinguished from miscarriage. It occurs in cases where the fertilized egg does not contain an embryo or heartbeats in the fetus are not detected in the second month of development. The symptoms are very similar, if not identical.

If you wish, you should consult a doctor. He will tell you how to arrange a miscarriage if a woman is not ready for motherhood.

Despite the fact that the cost of surgical and medical abortions has ceased to be exorbitant for many years, the question of how to independently provoke a miscarriage is of interest to tens of thousands of pregnant ladies. To verify this, just look at the statistics for this request in any search engine. It is especially interesting to read detailed recommendations on the procedure for home miscarriage from specialists “from the plow” - women who have never become pregnant in their lives, or even from men.

The worst thing is that such recipes are believed and actively used, but we will never know the true statistics of deaths caused by attempted miscarriages - in most cases, the relatives of the failed mother, who went to another world after a home abortion, beg doctors not to advertise the real reason of death. Former military doctor Andrei Lomachinsky describes in great detail and colorfully the consequences of “self-made” abortions in the book “Stories of a Forensic Expert.” Well, we will tell you about the most common solutions to the problem of “how to have a miscarriage” and about the problems that happen later.

1. Hot bath. Those who advise this method of getting rid of an unwanted fetus honestly warn that it is not for the faint of heart, and you can, as people say, “quack” from the painful shock. Nevertheless, many fools who have become pregnant climb into the boiling water, like chickens into plucking - and are boiled alive. According to the “country method”, to have a miscarriage, climb into the bathtub and gradually fill it with very hot water - to the limit of tolerance. You need to take water procedures until the uterus begins to bleed - this is the surest way understand that a miscarriage has taken place. But most of the ladies who practiced this method did not wait for the moment when the bleeding began - because by that time they were fainting from the strongest heatstroke, and then they continued to cook in the blood bath.

2. Bay leaf. Another “cheap and cheerful” method of terminating a pregnancy. According to the popularizers of this method on forums, getting rid of a fetus is as easy as shelling pears - pour a pack, or better yet, two dried bay leaves with a glass of boiling water and drink in one gulp, repeat a couple of times to be sure, and the enzyme contained in the bay leaf will cause a strong contraction of the uterus. But such an enterprise is often half successful - the substances from the decoction kill the fetus, the uterus contracts, but does not throw it out. A woman walks around with a dead fetus in her womb with the holy certainty that she has suffered a miscarriage. Then weakness, dizziness, and fainting begin. It’s good if the lady decides to go to the gynecologist, or she will be forcibly dragged there. If not, you can successfully “crack”.

3. Iodine. This, as they say, is a classic of the genre. The mechanism of its action is in theory the same as with bay leaves - a halogen, which is iodine, causes general poisoning of the body, the uterus contracts and pushes out the fetus. After drinking iodine with milk or water, as plow advisers say, you may feel bad for a while, even very bad, but then rest for a couple of days and you’ll be like a cucumber. If everything were so simple, no one would go under a vacuum, everyone would drink iodine with milk and would be happy. And here’s why: hypothetically, no one can calculate how much iodine your body can handle. Someone from a shot of iodine will writhe in convulsions, splashing vomit all around (still - the strongest chemical burn stomach and digestive tract), and the weaker ones will pass out after a nauseating urge - then all that remains is to carry them forward with their feet. This is in case of iodine overdose, of course. But it is unrealistic to determine a dose that is “killer” for the fetus and relatively harmless for the unfortunate mother.

4. Postinor. Termination of pregnancy in late stages using a “horse” dose of postinor has been actively practiced in recent years. To decide whether you need this, first of all think about the fact that in some countries postinor is generally a prohibited drug, since it has many side effects. Taking a loading dose of postinor will almost certainly provoke uterine contractions and miscarriage, but fragments of the fertilized egg will remain inside. Subsequently, this provokes severe uterine bleeding, accompanied by severe pain. Then you need to urgently run for curettage - the same surgical abortion, in essence.

Folk remedies that cause miscarriage

In those days when there was no medical solution to the problem, women used various decoctions and remedies. Their recipes have survived to this day, but no one knows what threat they can cause to a woman.

Bay leaf

It is believed that if you drink a decoction of bay leaves from two packs of leaves, a miscarriage will definitely occur. You can make a potion by pouring boiling water over the leaves, infusing the resulting decoction and drinking it. Later it is recommended to do the procedure again. It is believed that bay tree leaves contain an enzyme that promotes uterine contractions and miscarriage.

As practice shows, in reality everything is somewhat different. A pregnant woman takes the infusion, the fetus dies, but remains inside the uterus.

A woman can walk around with a dead fetus inside, which leads to dire consequences.

Hot bath

One of the most popular methods is when a pregnant woman lies down in a bathtub and gradually fills it with very hot water. The water should be as hot as human capabilities can withstand.

It is necessary to lie in boiling water until the uterus begins to bleed. According to the theory, a miscarriage will occur, and the pregnant woman will get rid of the fetus, thereby solving all the problems. In life, everything happens differently. Women lose consciousness from lying in very hot water for a long time.

After this, bleeding may occur, and if medical assistance is not provided in a timely manner, you can lose not only the child, but also your own life.

Iodine

Acts like a decoction of bay leaves. Iodine is taken orally large quantities, which is very dangerous for health. The fetus dies, but a shock dose of halogen enters the woman’s body, provoking uterine contractions. At the level of instincts, the body gets rid of the crippled child, resulting in a miscarriage. But calculate as much as possible permissible dose iodine is impossible.