Pregnancy planning is not an empty phrase, but a whole group of activities that parents must go through if they want to give birth to a healthy child in the future. It consists of many procedures carried out in order to examine the health of a married couple, their correct lifestyle and good nutrition.
First of all, pregnancy planning is guarding the detection and subsequent elimination of all kinds of risks for the child.
How to properly prepare for pregnancy? Which doctors should be visited? What infections should be dealt with first of all? About this and much more - in our today's article.
When to start preparing?
It is best if future parents begin to prepare for the upcoming pregnancy a year before conception. Of course, not all couples have so much time for this, which is due to the great desire to give birth to a baby as soon as possible.
That is why preparation should be started at least 3 months before the couple planned to conceive a child. This period is quite capable of protecting the baby from potential dangers.
Where to start?
It is best to start with psychological preparation: future parents should be aware that a child is a responsible step and it is extremely important to really understand its significance.
If their family already has children, then it is necessary to prepare the kids for the appearance of a brother or sister, and also to determine who can help the parents in raising the unborn child.
Proper nutrition
It is very important during this period to choose correct mode nutrition is the basis for the birth of a healthy child.
- A married couple needs to eat a lot of vegetables and fruits, lean on fish and meat dishes, eat cottage cheese and dairy products.
- A woman needs to eat sweets and baked goods as little as possible so as not to gain excess weight even before pregnancy. If you really want something sweet, you can replace sugar with fructose or honey. The presence of salt in food should also be limited.
- You should not drink tea or coffee, but it is better to switch to drinking plenty of juices and fruit drinks or drink bottled spring water.
- The nutrition of the expectant mother should be based on natural products, which should be consumed little by little, but in no case should you overeat - just like starving.
Physical training
In order to keep fit, a woman needs to play sports. Daily performance of some exercises helps the expectant mother to bear the baby without any problems, to be born safely and as soon as possible after that to take the desired forms.
In addition, moderate physical fitness helps in the fight against varicose veins, prevents the formation of stretch marks and tears, strengthens muscles and takes care of the condition of the hips and pelvis.
Taking vitamins
How good it would be if a woman received all the vitamins important for health while eating! However, the reality is that at the preparation stage, she must take vitamins from the “box” without fail.
After all, the body of a future mother, as a rule, is depleted by all kinds of diets, and her health is deteriorating due to smoking and the environment.
What do you need to know?
When choosing vitamins, you should not consult with girlfriends or neighbors about this. Medicines and various dietary supplements are also not the best choice for women planning a pregnancy soon. And their reception is possible only when the gynecologist or therapist insists on it.
An exception may be folic acid - it is recommended to take it to all expectant mothers, since it reduces the risk of possible defects in the development of the baby's brain. As a rule, acid is used as an addition to the vitamin complex that a doctor recommends to a woman.
What kind of doctors do you need to go through?
Gynecologist
First of all, a woman should visit a gynecologist. This is necessary in order for him to determine the presence of possible gynecological diseases, find out the stability of the cycle and take smears for the vaginal microflora and infections.
Therapist
An appointment with a therapist is necessary for an in-depth examination of both parents. This doctor determines how their health can be corrected and what this will require: the necessary treatment, recommendations for nutrition and physical activity.
If such a need arises, the therapist sends future parents (and mother, first of all) to narrow profile doctors.
Endocrinologist
Without his examination, preparation for birth also cannot be considered complete. He will prescribe hormone tests for the woman, showing exactly how the bearing of a healthy child will take place.
Dentist
Since the baby "takes" a lot of calcium from the mother, causing the teeth to begin to break down, a visit to the dentist becomes a mandatory procedure in preparation for pregnancy. After all, caries is a problem not so much of an aesthetic plan as an infectious one.
In the process of gestation, there is Great chance pass the infection on to the child.
Analyzes required for planning
During the planning period, a woman is usually assigned the following types of studies:
- UAC and OAM;
- analysis that determines the blood group;
- scraping from the cervix and its cytology;
- three types of ultrasound;
- tests for HIV, syphilis, gonococci, etc.;
- coli, staphylococcus aureus;
- blood clotting test.
Other tests the doctor prescribes, in cases where:
- The woman has already had a miscarriage or experienced a missed pregnancy.
- The expectant mother took antibiotics.
- She already had an abortion.
- The closest relatives of the couple suffer from genetic disorders.
What should be the preparation of the future father?
How to give birth to a healthy child? Preparing for pregnancy and childbirth is important not only for the mother, but for the father. He is obliged to join a normal lifestyle, exclude alcohol and cigarettes from the diet, eat well and get enough sleep.
In addition, the future dad must undergo a medical examination, in which he will pass a spermogram, be examined for the presence of hereditary diseases and possible infections, and also find out his blood type and Rh factor.
Possible infections: what are they?
Infections that affect expectant parents usually work in a latent "mode". However, it is they who later become the cause possible appearance the infant has congenital malformations.
Of course, not every microorganism found in the blood of future parents causes the abnormal development of their child. However, no one wants to risk the health of the fetus, therefore, before conception and during pregnancy, it is better to protect yourself from any type of infection as much as possible.
How can infection be transmitted to an unborn baby?
It is transmitted in two ways:
- with blood directly through the placenta;
- through infected genital tract.
Flu
Very often, women do not pay much attention to the fact that they can get the flu during pregnancy. However, the danger is not so much the virus as its complications, expressed in the burden on the kidneys and malfunctions in the immune system. All this can lead to miscarriage or premature birth.
Let's say more: it is after the flu that a woman, especially a pregnant woman, becomes an “object of attention” for pneumococci or staphylococci. Therefore, it is very important not to lose sight of this and strengthen the immune system by all available means.
Rubella
This is the most dangerous infectious disease, in which it is quite easy to catch it at the 5th week of pregnancy, but it is highly undesirable. It is this period that becomes the cornerstone in relation to the development of the future child, because rubella is an irreversible consequence leading to abortion and death of the child.
But if the expectant mother has already had rubella or she was vaccinated at one time, she may not worry about the health of the little one, since she has a powerful immunity to the disease.
For other women, it would be better for rubella prevention to be vaccinated against it two to three months before they plan to become pregnant, and then to control the process of immunity formation by taking tests during pregnancy itself.
Cytomegalovirus
It is also extremely dangerous for a newborn, and the worst thing is if a woman becomes infected with it through contact with a sick person.
If this happened on early dates pregnancy, the infection will become a threat of miscarriage or the appearance of various anomalies in the fetus. "Joined" to a woman later, cytomegalovirus can provoke premature birth or the appearance of its congenital form in an infant.
The best prevention against infection before and during pregnancy is not to contact in any way with people who have this infection in an acute stage.
Toxoplasmosis
An infection that poses a serious threat to the health of the mother and her child. As a rule, infection occurs after a woman cuddles a cute kitten with toxoplasmosis. However, if she previously had this infection, immunity to it remains in her body for the rest of her life.
For all other mothers, the danger grows along with the timing, and if infection is not dangerous in the first trimester, then:
- on the second, the child has a chance of acquiring congenital toxoplasmosis (20%), affecting the eyes and central nervous system;
- in the third trimester, the risk of infection rises to 60% of cases, and infection can lead to an increase intracranial pressure mental retardation and even epilepsy.
Herpes
The probability of contracting herpes is rather small, and its exacerbation deserves serious attention if it happened at the 32nd week of gestation.
Other infections
It can be thrush, mycoplasmosis, chlamydia and other infections that, in severe form, increase the risk of miscarriage and stillbirth.
Only timely diagnosis and competent treatment will help not only to suppress them in the bud, but also to do it in advance - even before a woman becomes pregnant.
What do women need to know after 35?
Late childbirth, which occurs between the ages of 35 and 45, is a series of difficulties that accompany women from the very moment of conception. At this age, it is often difficult for women to become pregnant and bear a healthy child, especially if they have previously suffered a number of infectious diseases or had abortions.
Age from 35 to 40 years is often accompanied by a decrease in the level of blood clotting, which is most dangerous in difficult childbirth, or, on the contrary, the formation of blood clots. In addition, babies in women of the age category after 35 are quite often born with low weight.
How can you protect your baby and yourself?
If a lady decides to get pregnant after 35, she needs to know that keeping herself in good physical shape and taking care of her health is the main key to success in the field of childbearing.
The best solution would be to attend preparatory courses, which both future parents should be like at once. It is also worth looking in advance a good specialist, which will guide the woman during gestation.
Do not panic if he suddenly begins to dissuade a lady from pregnancy: the anxiety associated with late childbirth is natural, but this does not mean that giving birth after 35 is prohibited by law or medicine.
Examination of couples at risk
Any disease, whether it is in the active stage or is hidden, can harm both the baby and his mother. Therefore, it is extremely important not only to determine its presence, but also to cure it in advance, before pregnancy.
In the case when the future parents have a clear problem with conception, or the woman has already had unsuccessful pregnancies that led to miscarriages or the birth of a sick child, the couple needs to undergo a thorough examination by doctors.
In this case, special attention will need to be paid to analyzes, appointments with a geneticist and ultrasound at different times.
If the doctor observing the couple suspects that the mother has chromosomal abnormalities, which often affects women over 35, he may suggest that future parents take a chorion biopsy. This examination excludes a number of serious diseases and some serious disorders in the development of the baby.
When is the help of a geneticist needed?
A genetic consultation is necessary if:
- the presence of a hereditary disease in future parents;
- the couple has a child who has already developed the disease;
- the expectant mother is over 35 years old;
- the wife moved to ARVI or took medication in the early stages;
- future parents are close relatives of each other;
- pregnancies that a woman had led to a miscarriage or stillbirth.
7 rules for a healthy lifestyle (before and during pregnancy)
No stress
Future parents should avoid any stressful situations, overwork at work and at home, colds and viruses. It is best to eradicate the habit of drinking alcohol or smoking cigarettes.
moderate sport
Before and during pregnancy, it will be beneficial for a woman to switch to moderate physical activity in order to keep herself in good shape. You should not remove them completely, because playing sports with a low load is extremely beneficial for health and well-being.
Swimming
It's great if future parents love to swim and decide to sign up for the pool! Swimming has a beneficial effect on overall health and strengthens muscles.
Women who are in the “after 40” group should not neglect this sport and be sure to go to water aerobics groups, but it’s better for them not to swim in the river or in lakes, as this increases the risk of contracting some kind of infection.
No extra loads
Women in position are forbidden to work at night and lift weights. Also, during pregnancy, you should not use foot sewing machines or travel by bicycle, make sudden movements and come into contact with hazardous substances.
Daily regime
A pregnant lady must walk a lot, saturating her lungs with oxygen, in order to subsequently give birth to a healthy baby. At the same time, she is supposed to sleep at least eight hours a day, and goes to bed no later than 11 pm.
It is best if the bed where the expectant mother sleeps is comfortable, but not very soft. Doctors believe that during pregnancy she should sleep on her back or on her right side.
Sex
Having sex during pregnancy is not prohibited, but it is better to leave them for a more favorable period: after the 1st trimester, if the lady has previously experienced miscarriages or became pregnant for the first time.
Also sex for 2 recent months it is better not to deal with women who give birth not for the first time, but in the past they did it by surgery.
Finally, during pregnancy, you need to get plenty of rest, eat well, and be examined by a doctor in order to give birth to a strong child and become a truly happy parent!
Summary: Pregnancy and the intelligence of the future baby. Factors affecting the formation of the intelligence of the unborn child during pregnancy. The activities of future parents aimed at developing the intelligence of the unborn child. The influence of bad habits of the future mother on the formation of the child's intelligence. Influence of infectious and chronic diseases of a pregnant woman on intellectual development baby.
The activities of future parents aimed at developing the intelligence of the unborn child.
As an epigraph to this article, we can cite a well-known parable about how a woman came to a sage and asked for advice on how to raise a child. "When he was born?" - asked the old man. "Yesterday," replied the mother. "You are nine months late," the sage was upset. This amazing period from the moment of fertilization to the birth of a newborn is called childhood before birth. It is no coincidence that in some countries the age of a person is counted from the first day of his existence in the mother's womb.
In the whole life of a person there is no more complex, unusual, but also responsible stage. Pregnancy is a normal physiological process during which significant changes occur in a woman's body. This obliges the expectant mother to strictly observe hygiene rules under the supervision of a doctor in order to maintain health and promote the normal development of the fetus.
At this time, many vital systems are formed - respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, nervous, etc. The mother's womb is the environment for the unborn child, and favorable conditions for the mother's body naturally create opportunities for its growth, normal development and, accordingly, already affect his intelligence. Even the ancients said: "In a healthy body of a woman - the future of the people."
In the process of fetal development, it is customary to distinguish two periods:
1) embryonic, or germinal, - the period lasting from the moment of fertilization of the egg to eight weeks of pregnancy,
2) fetal, or fruit, - the period lasting from the beginning of the ninth week of pregnancy until the moment of delivery.
Every woman who decides to give birth to a child must remember that the embryonic period is the most important and most vulnerable in the life of the fetus. Although it lasts only two months, at this time the formation of all its main organs and systems occurs in the embryo - organogenesis (i.e., the emergence of organs). Now the embryo is extremely sensitive to the effects of adverse factors that can lead to major malformations. In the first 8 weeks of life, the fetus does not yet have independent functions, so its well-being depends entirely on the mother's body.
Of particular importance for the development of the body is the nervous system, which is laid on the 18-19th day of embryo development. Cells that are destined to become "building material" for the nervous system are characterized by a higher rate of division than neighboring - integumentary - cells. Such an early appearance of the nervous system is due to the fact that only under its influence is it possible to "start" the processes of laying and developing other structures of the body. By the 28th day, the nervous system of the embryo is already a neural tube, in which the expanded anterior end (the future brain) is clearly visible, exceeding the rest of the size (the future spinal cord).
At the fourth week, the brain spinal cord is clearly visible, within brain its main divisions are outlined. Nerve cells begin to establish connections with each other, as a result, nerves are formed that connect the periphery of the body with the brain. Already from the sixth week, the unborn child is able to carry out the first motor reactions.
A giant leap in the rate of brain development and the complication of connections with the periphery is observed in the period from the sixth to the seventh week. The seventh week is characterized by the laying of one of the main structures of the brain - the cerebral cortex, it is she who will face the difficult task of ensuring the higher mental functions of a person in the future.
Already now it is necessary to ensure that these processes develop at the right pace, which is manifested in the fact that expectant mothers should lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right and pay due attention to their unborn baby. His intellectual development begins precisely at this stage, as a result of the formation of the nervous system and brain. But for the final development of such a young formation, it will take a long time - in humans, the process of maturation of the cerebral cortex ends in the third decade of life. You need to do everything possible for its initial maturation, which will be discussed in this article.
By the eighth week, the baby has eyes, nostrils, lips. At the same time, rapid changes are taking place in the child's brain. At the eleventh week, both hemispheres of the brain are already working, the main coordinator of movement, the cerebellum, is developing. Every minute, 250 new brain cells are formed. This process is completed by the seventh month of pregnancy. Two months before his birth, the unborn child has already formed all the brain cells with which he will have to live.
During the second month of the life of a new organism, events of great importance take place, which are expressed in the fact that the embryo acquires the features of a human being. Any violation of the process of formation of the organism of the future person can lead to severe malformations. Therefore, substances that can harm the body are especially dangerous in these first two months of life. These include primarily alcohol, cigarettes and, of course, drugs, even in minimal doses.
The fetal period is the further growth and development of organs and systems of the fetus. Harmful substances acting at this stage of intrauterine life do not cause severe malformations in the fetus, but can cause functional disorders of its organs and systems. After eight weeks, the placenta begins to form in the fetus. Its full development ends at sixteen weeks.
The fetus is in the uterus in the fetal bladder with amniotic fluid, the amount of which normally ranges from 0.8 to 1.5 liters. Amniotic fluid is the habitat of the fetus and protects it from adverse external influences.
Already at four weeks old, your unborn child has the entire central nervous system fully formed, which means that he now feels pain just like you do. At the same time, the baby is sensitive to any change in the mood of the mother. It should be noted that nature has maximally secured future offspring from many troubles.
The period from the second to the fourth month (weeks 8-20) is extremely important in the life of a young organism. The brain and peripheral nervous system are developing at a tremendous pace. The circulatory system is being improved, designed to ensure the timely supply of oxygen and nutrients from the mother's body to the developing organism.
The development of the human body is characterized by the fact that it is different from the embryos of other vertebrates - the embryo already has the rudiments of reason. Such a purely human path of development is manifested in the specifics of the development of the brain, hands and tongue, i.e., those organs with the work of which our human activity is associated. Interestingly, the laying of the tongue occurs already in a four-week-old embryo. By the tenth week, the developed muscles of the tongue receive "signals" from the brain. At the same time, studies show that other structures of the oral cavity are not yet developed during this period. The hand is included in the work on the sixth or seventh week of the life of the embryo, while the shoulder and forearm begin to work much later.
The graceful, light movements of the fetus, attached to the mother by the umbilical cord, resemble the movements of an astronaut in space - swimming, bending, turning over, somersaulting. The liquid environment allows him not only to move, but also, which is no less valuable, to exercise his muscles. This is very useful for the physical development of the child, as well as for the mental, because the motor abilities of the baby are closely related to his intellectual development. At this time, the mother does not yet feel how the fetus moves and how much time it takes for its exercises. In the uterus, the fetus lies in the cavity of the fetal bladder, which is filled with amniotic fluid, which protects the developing organism from external shocks and provides the possibility of free movement ("swimming") of the fetus.
At fourteen to fifteen weeks, the first specific reactions are formed in him: irritation of the palm of the fetus causes squeezing of the fingers. This is how innate grasping reflex, which can be observed in newborn children and with the help of which children receive all the necessary information about the world around them.
The main elements of the digestive system are formed in the third or fourth month of fetal development. Already in the next month of pregnancy, the first sucking and swallowing movements of the fetus are observed. Fine developing fetus during the day, swallows about 450 ml of amniotic fluid, which serves as an important component of nutrition for him and stimulates the functional activity of his digestive system.
But, in addition to this, the natural ingestion of amniotic fluid by the fetus is also a prerequisite for the formation of a certain taste selectivity of the unborn child and determines his preference for mother's milk.
The gustatory and olfactory systems of the baby, even in the womb, are tuned to perceive and isolate from the environment the corresponding "signs of the mother" - the taste of her milk and the smell of the mother's body.
The prerequisites for the process of lactation are laid even before the birth of the child. In the last days of pregnancy, primary mother's milk is released - colostrum (or colostrum), which continues in the first 3-4 days after birth.
Colostrum has absolutely unique qualities. In addition to the fact that it has a laxative effect on the intestines of the newborn, which creates favorable conditions for the transition of the infant to the normal process of digestion, the mother's colostrum contains antibodies that protect the child from many diseases. These antibodies reliably protect his fragile body during the first six, the most difficult for him, weeks of life. The composition of colostrum is very close to that of amniotic fluid. The familiar taste helps the child to "recognize" the mother after birth, which contributes to their strong unity, which, apparently, begins even during pregnancy.
Studies by French scientists have shown that the moment of conception and the first days of embryo development do not occur in the dark, as previously thought, but in the rays of a weak red light that breaks through the mother's belly. The more light, the better the body of the unborn child is formed.
With the help of modern technology, it was possible to find out that complete darkness does not reign in the cavity of our body. Separate particles of light - photons - penetrate the tissues of the female abdomen and, "illuminating" the sperm, fill it with energy and help it move faster, which means it will reach the egg faster and easier.
If conception has taken place, light becomes even more important in the following weeks. And here a special role belongs to the placenta, which becomes a powerful source of the light flux of the red spectrum. The more powerful this flow, which penetrates the dividing cells of the embryo, the more energy-photons the protein molecules absorb, the better the baby grows.
In the cells of the embryo, there is an intensive metabolism, which is helped by "accumulations" in the mother's body, and an important factor is the recharging of her body with light rays. In the early days of pregnancy, it is useful to walk outside on a sunny day. In winter, a woman is tightly dressed - the embryo will not see the light, you can arrange a walk around the sun-drenched apartment.
According to the observations of French doctors, in children whose first half of gestation fell on spring-summer, the formation of the skeleton and both halves of the palate begins a few days earlier. Thus, he gets the opportunity to open his mouth, swallow. With what earlier fetus begins to drink amniotic fluid, the better he will subsequently take the mother's breast, develop faster.
If in the last few months you often walk lightly dressed, for example, in a transparent dress, and spend a lot of time outdoors, then your baby will behave very actively. Usually, thin mothers have children who are more energetic, mobile, they start walking and talking earlier. Therefore, it is desirable for overweight women to be outdoors more often and take short sunbaths. It is better to do this before eleven in the morning and after four in the afternoon.
For the sake of health, full physical and mental development of children, it is necessary to plan their birth in terms of the age of parents established by nature. Practice gives a lot of evidence of the complexity of childbirth in women aged 18 and 35 years. Very young teenage girls have a very poor diet, and they themselves grow quickly, so a fetus that requires additional food from the mother is likely to cause some tension in the functioning of her body. In addition, a young mother is unlikely to receive full care, necessary for a woman during pregnancy.
The reproductive system of women at the age of 35 has passed the peak of its development, and with age, the condition of the ovaries worsens. At this time, nulliparous women face a lot of problems and complications during pregnancy and childbirth. They tend to be long and complex. High blood pressure is one of the most common complications of a pregnant woman over the age of 35. Women at this age are threatened with premature birth, severe pain in the pelvic organs before and during childbirth. Older mothers' firstborns are more likely to be born with low birth weight, Down's syndrome, developmental delays, or premature births.
At modern women there is a desire to first arrange your life, build a career, find yourself in a professional field. They are not in a hurry to have a child before the age of 30. Modern business women fully immersed in their work, they have a fairly busy schedule.
According to statistics, an increasing number of women are faced with the problem of infertility and the birth of handicapped, retarded children due to the content in their blood of too much androgens - male sex hormones. A possible reason for the increased content of androgens in the blood is the constant stress of working women, and yet every year there are more and more of them.
For a woman, the most optimal term for the birth of a child is 19-28 years. A big gap between the appearance of the first and next children should also not be made, the best is two to three years.
As age increases, genetic counseling becomes more important. Genetic counseling can, in some circumstances, help you and your partner make correct solution about conceiving a child. It is available from some major universities. Any information will be strictly confidential. As a result, you will receive information about what may affect your future offspring or your ability to conceive. But, even knowing about the possible complications, there is no guarantee that you will be able to avoid them. Just you will know what can expect you in this or that case.
Such counseling is also necessary for any woman who has given birth to a child with congenital malformations, a woman who has had recurrent miscarriages; if any of the partners has a congenital defect; if there were cases of hereditary diseases in the family: Down syndrome, mental retardation, muscular dystrophy, blood diseases, congenital heart disease; if you and your partner are related in any way.
Children of spouses-relatives are much more likely than children from unrelated couples to be born with various physical disabilities, suffer from metabolic disorders, have speech defects, and lag behind in mental development. In consanguineous marriages, both husband and wife, having a common ancestor, can inherit from him a "spoiled" gene. The closer the blood relationship, the more likely the presence of pathology in the offspring. The first task of genetic counseling is early diagnosis and prevention of various complications.
Research shows that the age of the father of the unborn child may also be important. Over time, the likelihood of chromosomal diseases increases. The risk of having a child with Down syndrome doubles in men over the age of 55. Men, have children before the age of forty. The final maturation of a man's body - "adulthood" - occurs at 23-25 years. This age is most favorable for fatherhood.
The special requirements for the life of a mother in an extremely important period for her and the unborn child are associated with the provision of sufficient and nutritious nutrition and the exclusion of junk food from the diet of pregnant women. This depends on the birth normal baby. The average weight of newborns is about 3.2 kg. Often, children are born, albeit on time, but with a lower weight - 2.3-2.5 kg. Children with low birth weight are significantly behind in physical and mental development. This may be the result of malnutrition of the mother during pregnancy, evidence of the inferiority of her nutrition.
However, other reasons for the low weight of the child are also possible: malnutrition of the fetus itself due to a violation of the transport of nutrients or the inability of the fetus to use them. These violations in the diet affect primarily the development of the higher parts of the nervous system, i.e., the brain.
According to studies, certain eating disorders during pregnancy affect the structural and functional development of the brain of the unborn child. In such children, the electrical reactions of the brain are changed, the orienting reflex is disturbed - the most important behavioral reaction that underlies the formation of the movements around them and the actions of other people.
So, during pregnancy, it is important for the expectant mother to eat right. If your diet is poor, it may affect your child's development. Increase your calorie intake by about 300-800 per day. They will be spent on the growth of tissues in your body and the child, on the growth and development of the baby. An increase in adipose tissue is necessary during pregnancy and after childbirth to feed the baby. For the vital activity of the child's body, the energy that you give him with food is necessary: to create reserves of proteins (protein), fats, carbohydrates. Pregnancy is not the period of life when you can experiment with different diets and reduce your calorie intake. However, this does not mean that you can eat whatever you want, whenever you want.
In the early stages of pregnancy, the fetal egg uses its own reserves for nutrition. Therefore, in the first half of pregnancy, a woman's diet should not differ significantly from her diet before pregnancy. However, it must be complete (contain proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, microelements) and not contain foods and drinks that adversely affect the fetus (fatty, spicy foods, spices and seasonings, canned food, smoked meats, fried meat and fish, strong meat broths, products made from white flour and pastry, various sweets, alcohol, very strong tea, coffee). There should be at least four times a day, that is, you need to eat "for two."
In the second half of pregnancy, you should switch to five to six meals a day. Along with an increase in the mass of the fetus and uterus, the size of the placenta, mammary glands, blood mass, etc.
Products containing complete proteins include milk, yogurt, kefir, low-fat cottage cheese, mild cheese, boiled meat and fish, potatoes, cabbage, beans, wheat, rice, buckwheat and oatmeal.
Carbohydrates compensate for energy costs in the human body. A direct relationship has been proven between the amount of carbohydrates consumed and the weight of the fetus. Eat more foods that are rich in fiber and vitamins: wholemeal bread, vegetables, fruits, cereals.
Fats are also an important energy reserve, as they provide two and a half times more thermal energy than carbohydrates and proteins. Fats are involved in plastic processes, affect the functions of the central nervous system, endocrine glands, reduce heat transfer and mitigate the effect of fluctuations in external temperature on the body. Your diet should contain up to 40% of vegetable fats: sunflower, olive, cottonseed oil, etc. From animal fats, use butter and ghee, refrain from lamb and beef fat, margarine.
During pregnancy, the need for vitamins and minerals increases two to four times. Balanced vitamin and mineral complexes will provide you with all the necessary nutrients, and the baby will be born beautiful, strong and cheerful.
Vitamins of groups A, B, C, D, E, etc. act as regulators of metabolic processes. These can be products made from wholemeal flour, cereals, legumes, herbs, vegetables, fruits, berries, liver, meat, dairy products. In the winter and early spring months, in consultation with your doctor, take vitamin preparations. Today, one of the most effective is the Materna complex. We also recommend you "Pregnavit" and "Vitrum Prenatal", from domestic drugs - "Gendevit".
A pregnant woman should receive no more than 1-1.2 liters of fluid per day. It is advisable to reduce salt intake, especially in the second half of pregnancy, despite the fact that you are "drawn to salty". Your body also needs to get enough minerals (calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, etc.) and trace elements (iron, cobalt, iodine, etc.), which are contained in sufficient quantities in your food.
Also, gymnastics designed specifically for pregnant women will be useful for you and your baby. In many modern magazines you can find various exercises, there are also special centers where expectant mothers come, they are advised on all issues that arise and they have aerobics lessons with them. Water aerobics, gymnastics and swimming will allow you to stay fit and slim all nine months of pregnancy, strengthen the muscles of your chest and abdomen, and simply cheer you up! Swimming is the optimal physical activity for pregnant women.
You can also work out at home with your unborn baby. But even before conception, you should pay special attention to special exercises that strengthen the muscles of the abdomen, perineum, and pelvic floor. Strong and trained muscles ensure the optimal location of the fetus in the uterus, contribute to the favorable course of childbirth.
The upcoming birth will require a lot of physical stress from you. A special set of exercises will increase the efficiency and defenses of the body to perform physical exertion during childbirth. In the first half of pregnancy, most exercises are aimed at strengthening the muscles of the arms, legs, back, and abdominals.
In the second half of pregnancy, you need to strengthen the muscles of the feet, as the center of gravity of the body shifts. Rotational exercises are useful for increasing the flexibility of the spine and pelvic joints.
The ability to control your breathing will be needed during childbirth. At the end of pregnancy, do breathing exercises. To do this, it is necessary to alternate deep breath holdings with subsequent relaxation of the body. Most of the exercises in late pregnancy are done with a stick or while sitting in a chair.
All classes are carried out at a slow pace, each exercise is repeated 3-5 times. After them, you should not feel physical fatigue, the pulse should remain within the normal range (60-80 beats per minute).
We must not forget about the intrauterine psychological comfort of the unborn baby. The formation of the emotional behavior of adult organisms is largely determined by former conditions intrauterine development. Scientists have proven that calm classical music has a calming effect not only on the expectant mother, but also on the child in her womb. Now there are many musical recordings for relaxation, whether it be the sounds of the forest or the surf. Such music has a very beneficial effect on the child. Even the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle argued that music can influence the formation of character.
And psychologists have found that if women listen to music very often during pregnancy, they give birth to children with absolute pitch. The fact is that sound affects the endocrine and vascular systems of an unborn child. Sound vibrations heal the body, act like a massage, affect intellectual ability baby.
Some smells also favorably affect the future baby: mint, roses, lavender, sea freshness and others. Oriental aromas have a somewhat depressing effect on the nervous system of both the expectant mother and the child. With the help of aromatherapy, you can cope with many ailments that accompany pregnancy, including stress relief. It is useful to take a bath with leuzea oil, we also recommend rubbing a mixture of jasmine and tangerine oils with deodorized vegetable oil into the zones of the central lymphatic ducts (armpits and groin).
The world in which the baby will appear, he begins to explore even in the womb. Embryos begin to hear already at the fifteenth or twentieth week of intrauterine life. The future baby feels well what is happening around the mother, distinguishes between male and female voices. He unmistakably recognizes his mother's voice, distinguishes between personal and telephone conversations, and reacts to changes in intonation. An unborn baby perfectly feels maternal emotions. Mother and child have a strong bond with each other. And this connection will never be as strong as during the months of pregnancy.
The sound of a mother's speech is the main and, perhaps, the only emotional stimulus for the life of an unborn child: it pleases, excites, and soothes. For the last three months of intrauterine life, the fetus listens, remembers the intonation, rhythm, and melody of the mother's speech. He is born with a solid supply of impressions and, consequently, information. But much of what a child learns in the womb is erased from memory after birth. Only not the mother's voice, which becomes the music of life for the baby, sedative for a frightened, newly born baby. A familiar voice helps to come to terms with the new conditions of life.
A person begins to prepare himself for understanding and reproducing speech even before birth. In the womb of his mother, he begins to hear speech, to distinguish the sound of speech from other sounds and noises. Scientists are sure that the behavioral code, individual for each person, is laid even before birth. And the nature of this code, no doubt, will be reflected in the words of love uttered by a native voice.
It is very useful for your unborn child to listen to foreign speech from mom and from those people who surround her. The fact is that a newborn child feels how different languages sound differently. When he is born, he feels if his mother suddenly starts speaking in a foreign language. He reacts not so much to new words as to the general pattern of speech: stress, accent, intonation. A person is generally born a polyglot. A newborn is able to hear the difference between all the sounds and phonemes of human speech. If you immediately accustom him to someone else's speech, then later learning a foreign language will be easier for the child. But it is important to remember that, being in the environment of the native language after a month of life, the baby loses acute hearing for someone else's speech.
It has been established that the formation of the emotional behavior of adult organisms is largely determined by the former conditions of intrauterine development. For a pregnant woman, the family should have peace, a favorable psychological climate. While the expectant mother is waiting for the first meeting with her baby, it's time to start a dialogue that will continue when the baby is born. He still does not distinguish words, but their emotional connotation will unmistakably determine.
A month and a half before the birth, the future baby begins to memorize the verses and melody of the lullaby. Therefore, we would advise the expectant mother to sing lullabies before going to bed, because your baby needs a restful sleep, and in the last three months he has already developed his own cycle of sleep and wakefulness.
Back in 1913, Russian academician V. M. Bekhterev wrote about the important role of lullabies in the full development of the fetus. And if you regularly read the same poem out loud, then, having heard it after birth, the baby reacts precisely to this poem, distinguishes it from others (which is manifested in a change in the rhythm of sucking on the pacifier).
Even in the womb, the child fixes in memory the language spoken by others. Sometimes it turns out that after birth, the baby finds himself in a different language environment. In this case, in a few years, when he begins to learn a foreign language - the language that his mother spoke during pregnancy - he will learn it amazingly easily.
The influence of bad habits of the future mother on the formation of the child's intelligence.
Let's talk about how they can affect bad habits parents on the intellectual development of your baby.
IN last years The "epidemic" of smoking has spread to girls and even pregnant women. Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco are dangerous for the health of an unborn baby. Nicotine and alcohol easily penetrate the placenta to the fetus and cause irreparable harm to his body. The consequences of smoking can be quick: low birth weight and a "difficult", noisy baby. May not be detected immediately: slow development, low level of intellectual data.
Smoking nicotine can cause the development of the "tobacco syndrome" in the fetus, cause a spasm of the uterine arteries, which provide the child's place (placenta) with all the products necessary for life. As a result, blood flow in the placenta is disturbed and placental insufficiency develops, so the fetus does not receive the necessary amount of oxygen and nutritious foods. Tobacco smoke contains carbon monoxide, which, penetrating through the placenta into the blood of the fetus, is firmly bound to hemoglobin and prevents the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. As a result, the fetus develops oxygen starvation.
The composition of tobacco smoke, in addition to nicotine and carbon monoxide, includes other volatile toxic compounds. Therefore, passive smoking, that is, the stay of a non-smoking pregnant woman in a smoky room, also causes significant damage to the health of the expectant mother and fetus.
Alcohol has a high ability to dissolve easily in water and fats. Its low molecular weight allows it to pass unhindered through all the body's tissue barriers, which protect it from many damaging substances. Alcohol inhibits the process of maturation of germ cells, which damages their most important structure - the genetic apparatus, and offspring are born with developmental defects. The female reproductive system damaged by alcohol is the cause of infertility, spontaneous miscarriages, premature births and stillbirths.
Getting into the blood of the fetus, alcohol primarily affects his brain, liver, vascular system and endocrine glands. The concentration of alcohol in the blood of the fetus reaches 80-100% of its content in the blood of the mother. The fetus has not yet developed those systems that neutralize alcohol in the body of an adult, so its damaging effect on the fetus will be much stronger and longer. As a result, multiple deformities of the fetus inevitably arise, compatible or incompatible with its life. First of all, the child's brain suffers, those of its structures that determine mental activity.
Children with alcohol syndrome - a set of congenital pathological signs in the fetus - lag behind in mental and physical development. The birth of children with deformities, epilepsy, mental retardation is often associated with the father's alcoholism: in men, under the influence of frequent alcohol intake, degeneration of internal organs occurs, irreversible changes occur in the liver, heart vessels, and sex glands. Their children are born weakened, often and for a long time get sick, lag behind in physical and mental development.
In many countries of the world, there have long been customs forbidding newlyweds to drink alcoholic beverages. In Rus', young people were given only kvass. This fact once again suggests that alcohol consumption has a detrimental effect on offspring. The ban on drinking alcohol for newlyweds protected the health of future children. This was clear to the ancestors without genetics. In ancient India, it was strictly forbidden to drink wine for all women. Violators of this custom burned the notorious bottle on their foreheads with hot metal.
Until recently, there was an opinion that the state of the body of the father at the time of conception of the child does not play a significant role. But today this myth is completely dispelled. A father who drinks can harm his unborn child. Alcohol - a poison for any living cell - reduces the activity, mobility of spermatozoa, breaks, distorts their hereditary structure.
Damage caused by alcohol causes inevitable deviations, malformations of the child from the very beginning of his biological existence. The consequences of drinking alcohol by future fathers can be tragic: underdevelopment of the child's brain, mental retardation, dementia up to idiocy.
Alcohol can harm expectant mothers long before conception. Not to mention the fact that a woman with his "help" can generally deprive herself of happy motherhood. Alcohol quickly damages a woman's body, and the younger she is, the faster it happens. The menstrual cycle is disturbed - unfavorable conditions for conception are created. Due to alcohol intoxication, the ovaries produce immature, defective eggs. If such a damaged, defective egg combines according to biological laws to form an embryo with a spermatozoon, unhealthy unborn child is already guaranteed.
The toxic, destructive effect of alcohol on the germ cells of future parents lasts about two weeks from the moment of its use. A sperm cell poisoned by alcohol merged with an egg cell poisoned by the same poison - that's it, drunken conception. As a result, a distorted formation of the embryo, defective fetal development, dead, deformed or sick child.
In addition to alcohol, tobacco and diseases, there are other factors that negatively affect the full development of the unborn child. They may be vibration, noise, radiant heat, ionizing radiation, dust, pesticides, various chemical compounds - paints, varnishes, cleaning solutions, gasoline vapors, lead compounds, mercury, etc. The fetus in the mother's womb often suffers already from a slight impact adverse factors that do not have a noticeable effect on the health of a pregnant woman.
The use of strong nitro-paints and varnishes during the repair of an apartment, the use of pesticides to destroy domestic insects, and other means household chemicals during pregnancy is fraught with improper handling and storage of very adverse effects on the health of the unborn child.
During pregnancy, the child's body is extremely sensitive to all kinds of influences. His developing brain firmly imprints the information that comes to him. This imposes a huge responsibility not only on the expectant mother, but also on the people around her. They form the "environment" of the child, influence the development of his psyche and intellect, form the main features of his character, and are most directly included in the process of his upbringing. The physical and mental health of a future person depends precisely on this "environment", which can either bring him good or cause irreparable harm.
Future parents can properly organize their own activities to develop the intelligence of their child. For the mother-to-be, moderate labor during pregnancy is necessary. But it is important to establish a reasonable combination of work and rest, especially in the second half of pregnancy. It is advisable to alternate work with rest every 40-45 minutes.
Fatigue, drowsiness are common factors that accompany a woman during pregnancy. The expectant mother should remember that the duration of sleep should be at least 8-9 hours. In case of sleep disturbance, on the advice of a doctor, you can take a sleeping pill. The room before going to bed should be well ventilated.
During pregnancy, the need for oxygen increases by 25-30%. Expectant mother needs to walk more often fresh air, since during walks the blood is saturated with oxygen especially actively. If possible, walk several times a day, before going to bed - be sure.
The expectant mother breathes for two (the child receives oxygen from her blood through the placenta through the umbilical cord). The full development and respiration of blood depends on the quality of the mother's blood, in particular on the level of hemoglobin. And during pregnancy, the composition of the blood changes - the number of red blood cells (erythrocytes) decreases or the amount of hemoglobin, an integral part of the erythrocyte, decreases. The main task of hemoglobin is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body, and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
The total blood volume increases by one and a half times as pregnancy develops, while the mass of red blood cells increases by only 18%. The normal course of pregnancy means that the hemoglobin level drops by about 15% compared to the normal state. If your hemoglobin level was
130, then during pregnancy 110 is normal. If the indicator is less than a hundred, it's time to take action.
By the seventh month of pregnancy, your blood circulation reaches its maximum intensity. The increase in total blood volume does not keep pace with the baby's oxygen needs. If the blood retained its usual viscosity, then such a rapid circulation of the blood would be impossible. Therefore, a decrease in the percentage of red blood cells is inevitable here. But by the end of pregnancy, nature insures you against excessive blood loss during childbirth: the total blood volume reaches its maximum, and blood clotting increases.
At certain stages of pregnancy, anemia is even necessary for the successful bearing of a child. But, if the state of your blood goes beyond the norm, fatigue, frequent colds, dizziness, weakness and other troubles may appear. Therefore, try to eat more vegetables and fruits, pomegranates, bananas, beets, apples, dark grapes, plums, eggs, beef, liver, etc. are especially useful. Excessive consumption of dairy products or calcium preparations worsens the absorption of iron. Walk outdoors more often, do gymnastics and breathing exercises.
Influence of infectious and chronic diseases of a pregnant woman on the intellectual development of a baby.
Now you and your baby are one. You not only rejoice and grieve together, but also get sick together. Even a slight change in the temperature of the skin of the abdomen of a pregnant woman is immediately reflected in the heart rate of the fetus. Therefore, it is natural that all diseases of the mother, both chronic and acute, are dangerous for the fetus.
Many women, only after becoming pregnant, begin to check their health status. And some find out that they are either psychologically unprepared for childbearing, or have diseases that pose a threat to the unborn child.
Even before you decide to have a baby, find out from the doctors the level of your physical development, health status, check for diseases that you may not be aware of. First of all, visit a therapist, he will refer you to other specialists if necessary.
Diseases of the teeth and nasopharynx can cause a lot of anxiety to the mother and damage the fetus. Such imperceptibly flowing diseases as toxoplasmosis, rubella, helminthic diseases affect the unborn child in the most severe way. You should also ask if you have received all the necessary vaccinations against infectious diseases.
For the most part, the pathogenic microbes that affect the mother are too large to penetrate the placenta into the blood of the fetus and infect it. The exceptions are the causative agents of chickenpox, hepatitis, poliomyelitis and smallpox. There are a significant number of diseases, including rubella, syphilis, and diabetes, that have a particularly strong impact on a child's intellectual development. In no case should such serious illnesses accompany the onset of pregnancy. Treating a pregnant woman with any type of infection is no easy task. After all, the use of certain drugs during pregnancy is contraindicated due to their possible harmful effects on the fetus.
Pregnancy should not occur immediately after completion of treatment. After all, the body is weakened by the disease, the functional activity of some organs and systems has not yet been finally restored.
Rubella - a viral infection - in an adult can manifest itself weakly or go unnoticed at all (in women, rubella can manifest itself only with a runny nose, a slight cough, a mild rash on the body for 1-3 days), while it causes serious complications in the fetus. The most severe consequences for the baby are brought by the infection in the first three months of intrauterine development, when there is an increased sensitivity and susceptibility of the fetus to any influences. The consequences are very terrible: illness or insufficient heart development, smaller (relative to the norm) head size, delays in overall development, hearing and vision defects, and even death. Rubella vaccinations should do everything - both children and adult women who do not have immunity, but the latter should first make sure that they are not pregnant.
Syphilis is passed from mother to fetus. The microorganisms that cause syphilis infect the fetus, quickly penetrating almost all of its tissues and organs, destroying the kidneys, liver, blood vessels, and lungs. If the child survives, then the threat of acute pneumonia or loss of sight will constantly hang over him. If a woman is cured before the fourth month of pregnancy, then the child can avoid this disease. Early detection of syphilis is essential for the woman, her partner, and the child. If you notice any ulcerative lesions during pregnancy, contact your doctor immediately. An effective remedy for syphilis is penicillin and some other drugs that are harmless to pregnant women.
Not only infectious diseases of spouses are fraught with adverse consequences for children.
A common endocrine pathology is diabetes mellitus. This disease is caused by insufficient production of the pancreatic hormone - insulin. In the blood of such patients, the content of sugar is increased, which is not absorbed by the body and is excreted in large quantities in the urine. In diabetes mellitus, all types of metabolism are disturbed in a patient, first of all carbohydrate, then fat, protein, mineral, vitamin. In diabetic mothers, babies can be born with congenital defects.
The risk of complications during pregnancy can be reduced by constantly monitoring blood sugar levels. Most of the complications associated with diabetes appear within thirteen weeks of pregnancy. Doctors recommend monitoring the development of the disease especially closely for at least two to three months before conception. You will have to take blood sugar tests several times a day in order to fully control the disease and avoid possible complications. Thanks to complete and constant monitoring, even diabetic women can count on a successful outcome of pregnancy and childbirth.
Disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism have a particularly harmful effect on the fetus, which for a long period were hidden in women, and therefore the patients did not undergo treatment. This disorder is called prediabetes. The symptoms of this disease are the same as those of diabetes: thirst, increased appetite, pruritus, frequent urination, fatigue, weight loss, etc. Pre-diabetic conditions that occur latently for a long time can cause not only spontaneous miscarriages but also the birth of children with malformations.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can cause complications for both mother and baby. A woman is at risk of kidney failure, a hypertensive crisis and a headache. Blood flow to the placenta will decrease, which can lead to fetal developmental delays, the baby may be born with an underweight.
During all nine months of bearing a child, it is necessary to monitor the pressure if you had it before pregnancy. Some high blood pressure medications are safe for pregnant women, and some are not. The course of pregnancy may be adversely affected by reducing the dosage of drugs or stopping their intake.
Most frequent illness kidneys in expectant mothers - pyelonephritis (inflammation of the renal pelvis). It can adversely affect not only the course of pregnancy, but also the condition of the fetus. Almost half of pregnant women with pyelonephritis, especially chronic, have a so-called late toxicosis.
In the body of the expectant mother, there is a serious hormonal restructuring. The placenta produces the hormone progesterone, and under its influence, the smooth muscles of the intestines, bladder and ureters relax. You may develop a tendency to constipation, slow down the outflow of urine from the kidneys (the so-called "passage"). The situation is also aggravated by the pressure on the ureters of the growing uterus, which increases 60 times during pregnancy.
Also, the disease occurs and develops in the presence of an infectious focus in the body. Any focus of chronic infection can adversely affect the health of your baby. In expectant mothers, as a rule, immunity is weakened, so pathogenic microbes (fungi, mycoplasmas, Trichomonas) are activated and enter the kidneys with blood flow. Be especially careful if, even before pregnancy, the content of salts in the urine was increased or anomalies in the development of the urinary tract were detected.
Since pyelonephritis does not manifest itself for a long time, women rarely think about a urological examination on the eve of a planned pregnancy. Outside of exacerbations, you feel good, however, sometimes there are attacks of weakness, headaches, and backaches. But, as a rule, they do not pay attention to this, they attribute everything to fatigue. Consult a doctor, a specialist, depending on the form of pyelonephritis, will determine the degree of risk for you and for the child.
In no case do not self-medicate! Even if you are treated with herbs, consult your doctor, because there are no absolutely safe herbs either. Drink more - at least 2-3 liters per day: cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks.
Any disease can be dangerous for the unborn baby. Discuss your condition with your doctor if you have a chronic condition or need to take medication on a regular basis. At the time of conception and in the early stages of pregnancy, it is better not to take drugs and not undergo any treatment. The laying of all the organs and tissues of the child occurs during the first thirteen weeks of pregnancy, so protect your baby from the harmful effects of drugs and examinations.
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In the life of a pregnant woman, pregnancy is a crucial period. At this time, women need great attention devote to your health. However, not everyone knows what will be useful during pregnancy and what can harm a woman's health. How to maintain the health of a pregnant woman and an unborn child depends on proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle.
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How to keep a pregnant woman healthy?
1. Go in for sports.
During pregnancy, physical activity should be present, but not as intense as it was before pregnancy. Avoid exercise that makes you sweat quickly, which would put pressure on your stomach area. As exercises for expectant mothers, swimming and hiking are very suitable.
2. Drink fluids.
Pregnant women, so that there is no additional burden on the kidneys, constipation, to maintain balance in the body, you need to drink two liters of water per day.
3. Get enough sleep.
During pregnancy, fatigue is felt, which is associated with all the changes that occur in a woman's body. Therefore, you need to sleep more at night, and sleep an hour during the day.
4. Eat well.
A pregnant woman needs to eat often and in small portions, reduce the intake of fatty and sweet foods.
5. Get more rest.
Worry less, avoid stressful situations, do not focus on your problems.
6. Take folic acid.
For the first twelve weeks of pregnancy, a woman needs to take folic acid, it will help to avoid that a child with various defects is not born.
Women's health.
During pregnancy, avoid:
1. Smoking.
What a woman takes during pregnancy goes to the baby through the placenta, this includes toxins. It is not recommended to smoke during pregnancy.
2. Avoid "dangerous" food.
Junk foods include moldy cheeses, unsterilized food, and liver, as these foods contain listeriosis bacteria. Avoid undercooked poultry, pork, undercooked or undercooked eggs.
3. Avoid alcoholic drinks.
It has not yet been proven how much alcohol is safe for a healthy baby. Therefore, doctors advise to give up alcohol during pregnancy.
4. When the first symptoms appear, which seem strange to you, or which you did not have before, you need to see a doctor. It can be vomiting and nausea in the last months of pregnancy, when the skin itches on the hands.
5. Don't skip doctor's appointments, don't shy away from getting tested regularly.
6. Don't take hot baths.
Do not take hot baths during pregnancy, as they lower blood pressure, you can just pass out.
7. Avoid stress.
During pregnancy, severe stress can trigger preterm labor and affect the baby's weight.
The body of a pregnant woman is under stress, and the body of the expectant mother is also deficient useful substances. Deficiency of one or another substance is reflected in the condition of the skin, teeth, hair of a pregnant woman. A future mother should not treat herself and her health badly, she needs to take care of herself during this period, take care of her appearance.
When a woman is pregnant, her skin becomes very sensitive and tender. At this time, it is better to change the usual cream, to a cream that is suitable for your dry skin and can moisturize it well. It is best to choose plant-based creams. During pregnancy, a woman develops age spots. Do not use whitening products, they are harmful to the child. After childbirth, pigmentation will disappear.
Being overweight complicates pregnancy.
Fat women can lose a few extra pounds, and the baby will be born healthy, with normal weight. But if mothers gain kilograms, then the child may appear overweight. Women with normal weight during pregnancy can gain from 11 to 15 kilograms, for overweight women it is recommended to add no more than 6 kilograms. fat women during pregnancy it is very difficult to lose weight, so long before the conception of a child, they need to lead a healthy, normal lifestyle.
A woman's weight can be affected.
Sleep, exercise, nutrition, but it turns out that an important factor will be how a woman perceives her figure. According to studies, it was found that those women who were unhappy with their figure before pregnancy gained a lot extra pounds, compared with those women who treated their figure with love. If a woman considers herself complete, then she will overeat during pregnancy. According to scientists, a woman with normal weight gains up to 15 kilograms, and overweight pregnant women during pregnancy gain weight up to 11 kilograms.
Nutrition during pregnancy.
It is known that the child feeds at the expense of the mother's body. And for the development of the child, he needs vitamins, salts, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, oxygen, and all those substances that come from the mother's body. The key to the health of a mother and her unborn child is proper nutrition.
You need to eat small meals 5 times a day. It is forbidden to eat - canned food, smoked meats, sour, salty and spicy. Meat should be eaten boiled, and in the second half of pregnancy it should be reduced to 3 times a week. From fats you need to use easily digestible - fish oil, eggs, yolk, butter.
It is undesirable to use a laxative. To avoid swelling of the legs, limit the use of salt, it retains fluid in the body and causes swelling in pregnant women. In order for the intestines to function normally, it is necessary to regulate its work by taking rough food - up to 600 grams of black bread, there must be cottage cheese, sour cream, yogurt, milk, fruits, compote, cereals and so on.
In conclusion, we say that the health of the unborn child and the woman herself during pregnancy depends on proper nutrition, on a healthy lifestyle. In order to preserve the health of the unborn child and herself, a pregnant woman should pay increased attention to herself. Following these tips and recommendations, you can maintain your health, cope with various unpleasant phenomena and give birth to a healthy baby.
I love active image life. And pregnancy was no exception! Right they say pregnancy not a disease, pregnancy is not a reason to relax and feel sorry for yourself! Pregnancy is a completely normal, natural period for every HEALTHY woman. If your body was able to get pregnant, do not hesitate - you are an absolutely healthy woman!
Yes, doctors like to scare us with all sorts of horror stories about the threat of interruption, about hypertonicity, about oxygen starvation ... But think for yourself: treating yourself like a patient will not make you healthier! Everything depends on us, on our consciousness and on our faith in the child! Do you want to give birth to a strong and healthy baby? Stop shaking over him already while he is in the womb! Throw away the pills! Stop being afraid, live to the fullest! I'm not talking about extremes, like skydiving, of course, but some of the seemingly shocking activities that you are used to, that energize you, should be with you during the period of bearing a baby. Let me explain with my example:
For a very long time I could not get pregnant with both the first and the second daughter ... There was a miscarriage between them. And I was terribly afraid that I would become a hysterical mother when I became pregnant and I would be afraid of everything, I would listen to the movements every second and go to the doctors ... This miracle happened, I saw the long-awaited two strips on the test, visited the doctor and he confirmed: I will become a mother !
My happiness knew no bounds! And when I began to notice an excessive panic in the address of the future baby, I thought. Why am I doing this? Why am I reading these negative articles about pregnancy and childbirth if I take them so closely? Why do I doubt my nature and the child? Why am I infringing on myself, and thus the future baby, in the tastes of life!? After all, what I am experiencing now, my child is also experiencing!
I realized one thing: faith is the strongest thing! I believe that my child is strong and healthy! I believe that my lifestyle is his choice, he chose ME as his mother! And he knows what he signed up for (: If the child is weak or aims that I will treat him all my life, I let him go right away (this is how, I think, miscarriages happen - when the child does not want to be in this family, and the family does not wants this child). Do you want to be born to me? Be strong and healthy, strong and focused on life without doctors and medicines! From myself, I convey boundless love, care, tenderness and the desire to be your mother! I will show you this World from the side of health, strength, positive emotions and new discoveries!
So, when I was pregnant with my first daughter, I allowed myself to play sports, diet for the beauty of the body, actively swam and went windsurfing at the 5th month of pregnancy, did yoga, traveled long distances on foot and knew all the time that my baby goes through this with me !
I regard a miscarriage as natural selection, that's all. If that's the case, then it's better. Of course, I also came to this thought through the experience of the tragedy.
In my second successful pregnancy, which did not come for a long time, I made a big mistake when I became attached to the sex of the child. Being pregnant at the 6th week, I said that I did not want a second daughter, but I wanted a son. Bleeding immediately began and I was taken away in an ambulance. In the hospital, I already understood the reason for all this and persuaded my daughter to stay! I prayed that gender was not important to me, I wanted a child!
For some time I drank hormones, like everyone else with a threat ... But I know that hormones are harmful and stuffing myself and an unborn baby is terrible! I stopped taking pills and gradually switched to active sports! I ran until 36 weeks, did a set of exercises 2 times a day every day and followed a diet. In the 8th and 9th months I was skiing and enjoying life! The main thought that was with me all the time: “I believe in myself, in my body and in my child. We are strong and healthy!”
I call my third pregnancy the most arrogant one, since from the very beginning I gave myself this attitude: if I get pregnant, it will be a strong baby. I will ignore any signs of weakness - bleeding, pain, etc. I will live the way I lived before pregnancy! And if in previous pregnancies I still gave myself some indulgence, then this time I outdid myself! This pregnancy is especially full of work as a model, and running, and sports loads, and outdoor activities ... - everything is the same as before pregnancy! In the same volume, in the same loads and in the same positive!
Dear future mothers! I urge you to listen to your heart! Nature knows how to do it, there is no need to interfere with it and impose your correctness! As long as you doubt yourself, your body will control you. But it should be the other way around - your consciousness should control your body! And so it happens, you just need to believe a little more in yourself and your nature!
All successful pregnancies and childbirth!
PS: negative thinkers who think that everyone knows and impose their point of view on everyone in a row can pass by without describing their thoughts about my article, everything is already clear with you in advance
