Medical abortion is a gentle and gentle alternative to surgery in cases where this pregnancy is undesirable. Early terms, up to 6-7 weeks - the best and optimal time for termination of pregnancy by tablet method.
So, you discovered that your period was delayed for several days, you took a test and it showed two stripes ... A wonderful event in a woman's life, but sometimes for reasons it may be unplanned at the moment. Do not rush - think it over well, discuss it with your partner, and only then make a final decision. Remember, this is your choice and only you are responsible for its consequences.
Make an appointment and terminate a pregnancy at the clinic own will a woman can only in the short time strictly allotted for this. They are clearly regulated by law and the maximum value for a medical abortion is 12 weeks. At the same time, a woman has the right to choose the best way that suits her; there are three of them:
- Surgical (operational) method,
- Vacuum (surgical, minimally invasive) mini-abortion,
- Medical abortion (pills).
What is a medical abortion?
The essence of this method is as follows. On the early dates the development of pregnancy depends on the hormone progesterone. Under its action, the uterus is in a state conducive to the acceptance and development of a fertilized egg. Therefore, the use of mifegin (mifepristone), a progesterone antagonist, leads to termination of pregnancy, increased uterine contractility, cervical dilation, and promotes separation and expulsion of the fetal egg.
Of all existing ways abortion in the early stages, medication is better, because. it is the most secure. For example, in 2005 The World Health Organization (WHO) has included Mifegin (mifepristone) in the list of essential medicines. But it should be borne in mind that these drugs are used only in medical institutions and under the supervision of a doctor. The independent use of illegally obtained pills of unknown origin in order to terminate a pregnancy at home is fraught with very sad consequences!
Dates in weeks
- Medical termination of pregnancy - up to 6 weeks
- In preparation for surgical curettage - up to 12 weeks.
Medical abortion can be done only at an early stage - up to 49 days from the first day of the last menstruation or up to 42 days after its end. The non-surgical method is most effective for up to four to five weeks, while fertilized egg weakly attached in the uterus, hormonal background women did not finally adjust to bearing the fetus. In some cases, taking into account the results of the preliminary examination, the short terms of conception and the presence of indications, it is possible to have an urgent abortion on the day of treatment.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
- suspected ectopic;
- chronic adrenal insufficiency;
- therapy with corticosteroid drugs;
- individual pharmacological intolerance;
- hemophilia, anemia II-III stage, hemorrhagic syndromes;
- the use of anticoagulants (heparin);
- pregnancy that occurred against the background of the IUD;
- inflammation of the genitals acute stage;
- severe forms bronchial asthma and obstructive pulmonary disease;
- enteritis, colitis, gastritis, pancreatitis;
- liver failure;
- prosthetic heart valves, endocarditis in the past.
RESTRICTIONS FOR MEDABORTING
- smoking women over 35 years old (more than 10 pieces per day),
- asymptomatic uterine fibroids,
- sutures on the uterus after surgical interventions,
- hypertonic disease,
- breast-feeding- stop for 14 days after taking the drug.
Possible Complications
The main consequence after medical abortion is the complete or partial absence of an abortive effect - from 5% to 15%, and depends on the patient's individual response to the drug. With a longer period, the number of complications increases. Of them:
- from 1 to 3.5%- cases of ongoing pregnancy,
- from 3 to 7.0%- incomplete expulsion of the fetal egg,
- from 1 to 4.5%- bleeding requiring intervention.
OTHER POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS
- painful sensations - 25-45% of cases;
- moderate cramps in the abdomen;
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
- rare cases of rash, urticaria;
- rare cases of migraine, malaise;
- bouts of fever, dizziness, chills;
- temperature rise (up to 37.5C).
WE DO THE PILLED ABORTION WITH DRUGS:
By the way, our clinic has been carrying out medical termination of pregnancy with Mifegin (France) or Mifepristone (Russia) tablets since 2001, according to the standards approved in Moscow, with the Certificate of Conformity attached to the packaging of the drug! Recording for a medical abortion by calling the clinic or online on the website around the clock.
HOW THE PROCEDURE WORKS, STAGES
1. Preliminary part.
Since a pill abortion has time limits, as well as a number of contraindications, on the day of treatment, before starting the procedure, a woman must undergo a preliminary examination. To do this, first a gynecological ultrasound of the pelvis is done to confirm the presence of exactly uterine pregnancy and her term. This is followed by a consultation with a gynecologist relative to this method, contraindications, possible complications and options for the course and expected results of the procedure. Inspection on the chair and delivery of recommended tests. Allowing time for a final decision.
2. Taking a drug for medical abortion.
If the decision to terminate the pregnancy early with pills is confirmed, an agreement is signed for this procedure, taking Mifegin or Mifepristone in the presence of a doctor, scheduling the intake of pharmacological support drugs and control visits to the clinic. After 36-48 hours, misoprostol derivatives are taken ("Topogin" or "Mirolut") in a dosage according to the drawn up scheme.
3. Control in dynamics.
After 3-4 days, the first ultrasound is performed to monitor the progress of the procedure. On the same day, preventive measures (dropper) can be recommended, if necessary, correction of the scheme, taking into account the results of the tests. If you are Rh-negative and your partner is Rh-positive, it is advisable to vaccinate anti-rhesus immunoglobulin to prevent Rh conflict during subsequent pregnancy
4. Control of the result.
After 12-14 days, a second control ultrasound is recommended to clarify the final result. If the result is positive, the Program for the Prevention of the Consequences and Complications of Pilled Abortion can be offered (see details below).
The cost of terminating an early pregnancy with pills
The price of medical abortion in Moscow in different medical centers may vary. With us, it depends on the weekly period, the chosen drug (France or Russia), as well as the option - standard or "all inclusive". If you want to know in detail which services are included in one or another option - click on the appropriate link below.
Medical termination of pregnancy is a chance to save your health, as women in many countries of the world know how an artificially induced miscarriage occurs - at least the 31st, where this procedure is allowed at the legislative level. It is efficient and accessible.
Terms of medical termination of pregnancy in Russia are limited to six obstetric weeks. This is due to the fact that it is at such an early date that the greatest chance is to carry out the procedure without any complications, as painlessly as possible for a woman and effectively.
Advantages of the procedure compared to instrumental abortion
1. Does not require intravenous anesthesia. Thus, it avoids many problems associated with its side effect. For women, for example, a fairly common and significant consequence of anesthesia is profuse hair loss.
2. Does not require being in stationary conditions. Although some women, on the contrary, want to terminate the pregnancy with a medical method in a clinic, as they are afraid that the pain will be too strong, or heavy bleeding will begin.
3. Excludes trauma to the cavity and cervix. And this means that the risk of miscarriage of the next pregnancy does not increase. Does not increase the risk of infertility.
4. Psychologically better tolerated by most women. Since you do not need to go to the hospital, prepare for this procedure for a long time, see the surgical instruments that perform the abortion. All this is very mentally difficult.
5. Minimal risk of an inflammatory process in the uterus - endometritis. Since they don’t “climb” into the uterus, they don’t injure, everything goes by the type of menstruation.
We can definitely say that the consequences of medical abortion, compared with instrumental, are minimal. And it is this type of abortion that is preferable for nulliparous women.
At the doctor's
You need to find a clinic, private or public, that is licensed to perform this procedure (almost everyone is now).
In the clinic, you will be examined and an ultrasound of the uterus will be done. This study is considered the main one, as it shows that the woman is really in position and the pregnancy is uterine.
Sometimes it happens that a woman comes after receiving positive result pregnancy test, but the doctor does not find a fetal egg in her uterus. This happens with a very short gestation period, usually when the delay has not yet begun. Now on sale there are tests with very high sensitivity, showing correct result not on the first day of the delay, but much earlier - 4-5 days before it starts. HCG level yet very small. To visualize the fetal egg, its level must reach at least 1000. And the tests show the correct result already at 10 units ... The hCG level doubles every two days. It usually reaches this level already in the first week of delay. A pill abortion can be done with a delay of up to 2 weeks. There is time.
If the ultrasound showed a fetal egg in the uterus, the doctor gives detailed description how a medical abortion works, what you will feel and how you behave. After talking with the doctor, you need to read and sign the informational consent, which will contain approximately the following points:
- that the pregnancy is deliberately terminated;
- in case of progression of pregnancy after taking the pills, it is advisable to interrupt it, as there is a great risk to the health of the child;
- information on how the medical termination of pregnancy is carried out has been received in full;
- complications may arise in the process - bleeding, incomplete miscarriage, sometimes additional uterine curettage or vacuum aspiration is required;
- exacerbation of chronic infections can be provoked, resulting in infertility;
- the woman undertakes to strictly comply with all the recommendations of the doctor.
Description of the procedure
Medicines for medical abortion are given by a doctor. The first, "Mifepristone", a woman takes in the presence of a doctor. A serious drug that blocks the action of progesterone - a hormone necessary for the development and nutrition of the fetal egg. This medicine is not sold in pharmacies in the dosages required to terminate a pregnancy. To avoid criminal abortions, as well as to make sure that the drug has worked, the woman should not vomit for 2 hours after taking it, the patient is asked to remain in the clinic for this time. And an information sheet is given with you, explaining what happens after taking the pills and how to act, the doctor's phone number, by which you can get advice at any time, and the second drug, synthetic prostaglandin. It must be taken at home 36-48 hours after the first one.
And if after "Mifepristone" a woman could have a maximum bloody issues from the genital tract, then prostaglandin directly provokes the detachment and exit of the fetal egg from the uterus. All this is accompanied by severe cramping pain. The effect appears almost immediately after taking it. Therefore, you need to stay at home. After a miscarriage, the pain subsides.
Some women are also concerned about nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, and fever. These symptoms do not occur in everyone, this is an individual reaction of the body to the medication.
As painkillers, "No-shpu", "Baralgin" are recommended - that is, drugs from the group of antispasmodics and analgesics. But Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not be taken, as they can weaken the effect of drugs given by a doctor.
Allocations after medical termination of pregnancy are abundant, stronger than during menstruation. Rarely, acute bleeding occurs. This is if it is completely saturated in an hour sanitary pad, and this continues for 2-3 hours in a row. Then you need to urgently seek help. Doctors usually prescribe a hemostatic drug.
After a miscarriage, the discharge becomes much more abundant. However, they may a small amount persist up to 14 days. Around this time, an ultrasound scan is performed, which should confirm a complete miscarriage. AT otherwise the woman is awaiting vacuum aspiration. Signs of an incomplete miscarriage are pain in the uterus and ovaries, fever body, prolonged bleeding, bad smell from the vagina, etc. Incomplete abortion leads to endometritis. And that to infertility, in the absence of treatment.
The menstrual cycle after an artificial miscarriage in most women does not go astray. That is, menstruation after medical termination of pregnancy should be expected at the usual time. And if a woman started taking oral contraceptives, then there are problems with calculating the start date critical days will not. They will start 3-7 days after taking 21 birth control pills. Since few people plan pregnancy after medical interruption in the near future, this is a wonderful way out. And the cycle will be restored, and there will be no more abortions.
The content of the article:To date medical abortion recognized as the most safe method interrupts unwanted pregnancy at an early date. Medical termination of pregnancy is carried out with the help of hormonal drugs. Indications, contraindications, description of the method, types of tablets, cost of the procedure, the main pros and cons - more on this later in the article.
What is medical abortion
Medical abortion (also known as pharmaceutical abortion or pharmaceutical abortion) is a gynecological procedure to terminate a pregnancy without surgery, using hormone-based medications. The pharmaceutical method is carried out up to 7 weeks of pregnancy.
This is the most gentle method of terminating an unwanted pregnancy, according to WHO. However, even pharmaceutical abortion does not always guarantee a successful outcome. Medical mini-abortion up to 42 days from the first day of the last menstruation or with a delay of no more than 2 weeks from the date of the onset of menstruation is effective in 95% of cases, then the effectiveness of the application abortion pills decreases.
Medical abortion does not affect a woman's fertility, and new pregnancy can occur one month after the abortion, so be sure to protect yourself.
Indications for medical abortion
There are no strict indications for a pharmacist, the procedure is most often carried out at the request of a woman. Doctors strongly recommend to pass before the procedure necessary tests to avoid complications.
The main medical indications for a pharmacist
HIV infection;
Advanced form of syphilis;
mental illness;
oncological diseases;
Severe diseases that threaten the life of a pregnant woman;
hereditary genetic diseases;
High risk of embryonic pathologies or miscarriage.
Social indications for abortion with medication
Stay of the mother in places of deprivation of liberty;
The age of the pregnant woman is up to 16 years;
Absence of a legal husband;
Disability II-III group in a born child.
Pharmaceutical preparations
If you decide to have an abortion at home with pills, then you should familiarize yourself with the list of drugs for medical abortion, which are most often used to terminate a pregnancy:
1. Postinor is a popular drug for emergency contraception, which is used after unprotected intercourse. The package contains 2 tablets that contain levonorgestrel (an analogue of progesterone). The method of application is oral. The first tablet should be taken no later than 72 hours after unprotected intercourse, and the second - 12 hours after the first. According to doctors, this is not a very reliable remedy, since it is possible to terminate a pregnancy only in 84% of cases. But it can be done independently at home without prior consultation with a gynecologist. The consequences of the action of postinor lead to a violation of the hormonal background.
2. Pencrofton- it's synthetic hormonal drug for medical abortion. Produced in Russia. The main component of the drug mifepristone is a synthetic steroidal antiprogestogen, which is used to prepare for an abortion. This drug is suitable for nulliparous women. Mifepristone does not cause many of the complications of abortion, such as infertility.
3. Mytholian- This is a medicine that is used for safe abortion, made in China. The composition of the drug also contains mifepristone. The medication is used up to 7 weeks of pregnancy. The main component destroys the connection of the fetus with the uterus, resulting in a miscarriage. Also, with the help of a medication, labor is stimulated.
4. Mifepristone- This is a drug that provokes the rejection of the fetal egg from the endometrium (the inner surface of the uterus). It is recommended to take 3 tablets immediately. The main component of the drug is mifepristone. Tablets are produced in Russia.
5. Mifeprex- This is an effective medication that is used for postcoital contraception. The drug is well tolerated by women up to 6 weeks of pregnancy. As a result of taking the drug, bloody discharge appears. The drug is produced in Russia.
6. Mifegin- a steroid drug for early termination of pregnancy. Country of origin France. The components of the drug destroy the connection of the embryo with the uterus, and a miscarriage occurs.
These are the most popular names for drugs for medical abortion based on a synthetic steroid drug - mifepristone, there are many other analogues for terminating unwanted pregnancies.
Description of the medical abortion procedure
The terms of medical abortion are very limited, the procedure is allowed to be carried out up to 6 weeks after the first day of the last menstruation (or up to 7 weeks after the end of the last menstruation). The most optimal time for a pharmaceutical abortion is 4 weeks of pregnancy, since during this period the fetus is weakly attached to the endometrium. For more later dates there is a risk of incomplete miscarriage.
In clinics, medical abortion is performed on the day of treatment, for this a woman must first be examined by a doctor to determine the presence and duration of pregnancy, the gynecologist must exclude ectopic pregnancy and contraindications to the procedure, the pregnant woman takes blood and urine tests, then an ultrasound is done. After receiving all the results of the examination, the doctor concludes that it is advisable to carry out an abortion with medications.
Many women ask themselves the question: “How is an abortion done with pills?”. Pharmaceutical abortion occurs in several stages:
1. A woman drinks 3 tablets of Mifepristone in the presence of a gynecologist who observes the patient for 2 hours. Tablets should be taken after meals after 1-1.5 hours with a glass of water. As a result of taking the drug, the connection between the uterus and the fetal egg is destroyed and the embryo dies. Then the doctor recommends medication for the second stage of the abortion. Normal phenomena after the first stage of the pharmaceutical abortion are a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, bloody mucus is released from the vagina.
2. After 1.5-2 days, the woman takes the prostaglandins that her doctor has selected for her, for example, misoprostol. As a result of taking medication, the uterus begins to contract, and the fetus comes out of its cavity. Characteristic symptoms: pulling pain in the lower abdomen, discharge, reminiscent of menstruation. After taking the drug, the woman is under the supervision of a doctor for 2 hours. The patient must strictly follow the instructions of the doctor and take only those painkillers that she has been prescribed.
3. After 48 hours, the woman undergoes an ultrasound examination. After 1 - 2 weeks, depending on the state of health, the patient must undergo a second gynecological examination and ultrasound.
If the medical abortion was unsuccessful, the pregnancy cannot be continued. It is necessary, if time permits, to do vacuum aspiration or surgical curettage.
Important! Simultaneously with taking drugs containing mifepristone, it is not recommended to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, aspirin, diclofenac, analgin, etc. for 8-12 days.
How long does it take to bleed after an abortion?
According to doctors, blood discharge may not stop until the next menstruation, or it may be scarce - the main thing is to get a fetal egg, so after taking the drug, you need to monitor the discharge. The next period should come 20 to 50 days after the medical abortion.
Contraindications for medical abortion
Pharmaceutical abortion is a medical procedure that has a number of contraindications. The procedure is prohibited when allergic reaction on the components of the drug and a variety of diseases. The harm of medical abortion is obvious, despite the fact that the procedure is considered gentle.
Farmabort is prohibited in the following cases:
Hypersensitivity to mifepristone;
Development of the fetus outside the uterine cavity;
Diseases of the digestive tract;
Inflammatory diseases of the genital organs;
Benign tumor of the uterus;
Functional insufficiency of the liver and kidneys;
Pregnancy that occurred while using intrauterine contraceptives (for example, a spiral);
Anemia and diseases of the blood coagulation system;
Anemia;
Taking corticosteroids and anticoagulants.
Smoking women over 35 years of age should carry out the procedure with caution, as there may be cardiovascular disorders. Restrictions apply to women with scars on the uterus after surgery, hypertensive patients and lactating women. Nursing mothers after an abortion should transfer the newborn to artificial nutrition for 2 week.
Complications after medical abortion
Complications can occur even if the doctor and the woman strictly follow all the instructions:
Intensive uterine bleeding after medical abortion;
Pain in the lower abdomen;
Nausea, bouts of vomiting;
Loss of strength, dizziness;
Increased blood pressure, severe headache;
Temperature above 38°;
Allergy.
What to do if the test is positive after a medical abortion?
A similar condition indicates an incomplete abortion - this is a pathology in which the fetal egg does not completely leave the uterus. This is a serious problem that requires surgical intervention, which means that the uterine cavity must be cleaned of fetal debris. In this case, vacuum cleaning or surgical scraping is performed.
Cost of the procedure
Many women wonder how much a medical abortion costs? This procedure is not available to many, since Mifegin and Mifepristone are quite expensive, and it is impossible to find drugs in pharmacies, since the procedure must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. The following factors influence the total cost of a pharmaceutical board: the level of the chosen clinic, the quality and quantity of the necessary studies, the manufacturer of the medicines used (Mifegin is a French drug, and Mifepristone is a Russian one). The price range for Mifepristone is from 33 to 60 dollars (2000-4000 rubles), and for Mifegin - from 60 to 75 dollars (3800-5000 rubles). There is also a Chinese drug - Mifolian, which costs from 20 to 40 dollars (1100-2500 rubles).
Where can you get a medical abortion?
These drugs are distributed exclusively by pharmaceutical companies, and pharmacist using these medicines is carried out only in private clinics and in some public medical institutions.
The cost of a pharmaceutical abortion includes a consultation, gynecological examination, 2 ultrasounds and tests. In a clinic in a small town, the first appointment, if the tests are ready, will cost about 500 rubles. Analyzes that include smear and blood tests will cost 600 rubles. You will pay about 550-800 rubles for an ultrasound examination.
If you live in big city, then for the tests you will pay an average of 900-1800 rubles. The remaining procedures with the drug will cost 5000-8000 rubles. If you are a resident of Moscow or St. Petersburg, then a medical abortion will cost from 5,000 to 14,500 rubles, this includes consultations, tests, drugs (the cheapest Chinese, then Russian and the most expensive French) and 2 ultrasounds.
Pilled abortions are a test for the female body. Long delay after pharmaceutical abortion is not normal phenomenon. With a successful outcome of the procedure, menstruation may be delayed by 8-10 days. In most women, the menstrual cycle is quickly restored, since there was no mechanical damage to the uterus and hormonal disruptions are minimized.
A woman after a medical abortion is strictly prohibited from:
News sexual life within 14 days after the abortion;
Engage in physical labor;
Take a bath or visit a bath;
Perform douching;
Supercool.
Only if these rules are observed, a woman will recover faster. Otherwise, uterine bleeding or inflammation may occur.
After a pharmaceutical abortion, ovulation may change, because of this there is a risk of re-pregnancy in 10-12 days. Therefore, it is strongly recommended not to have sexual intercourse for 2 weeks after the procedure, in extreme cases, protect yourself with the help of contraceptives. At fast recovery a woman can plan a pregnancy 12 weeks after the pharmacist.
Pros and cons of the drug method
Pill abortion has the following advantages
No anesthesia;
Minimal risk of infection and injury to the uterus;
The procedure can be carried out from the first day of the delay of menstruation;
A woman recovers quickly after a pharmacist;
Efficiency medical method- from 95% and above.
Abortion with a pill has its downsides.
Incomplete removal of the ovum in 4–8% of cases;
High risk of bleeding from the uterine cavity;
There is no full guarantee of getting rid of the embryo;
A large number of contraindications and side effects.
Thus, if you decide to have an abortion, you have no contraindications, and the terms allow, then a pharmaceutical abortion is the best choice. In any case, consult a gynecologist and do not self-medicate, because the consequences can be the worst!
Pregnancy with a spiral
The most gentle way to conduct an abortion is medical abortion. It is practically safe for health and emotional state women. For its implementation, drugs are used that provoke the expulsion of the fetal egg to the outside.
What is a medical abortion?
The term "pharmaceutical" refers to interruption the onset of pregnancy with the use of medications. The method completely excludes surgical intervention. During this procedure, the patient takes pills in the presence of a doctor. Under the action of the components of this drug, the death of the embryo occurs. This concludes the first stage of medical abortion.
After a certain time, the woman takes another drug. Its components provoke an increase in the contractile activity of the uterine myometrium. As a result, the rejected fetal egg is expelled outward, an abortion occurs. This procedure has a number of advantages over other methods (scraping,):
- no trauma to the uterus;
- quick recovery of the menstrual cycle;
- low risk of complications;
- does not require anesthesia.
Medical termination of pregnancy - terms
Answering the question of a woman, how long a medical abortion can be carried out, doctors call 6-7 weeks. Pharmabort can be carried out no later than 42-49 days from the moment when the first day of the last menstruation was celebrated. At the same time, the effectiveness of this procedure decreases over time, and the likelihood of complications increases.
Doctors call the optimal time for a medical abortion up to 4 weeks. The fetal egg does not have time to securely fix itself in the uterine wall, therefore it is better and faster rejected and released. In addition, the hormonal background has not yet been fully established, the restructuring of the body has not been completed, so it will be easier for him to return to the previous state, before pregnancy.
Medical termination of pregnancy - contraindications
The main indication for such termination of pregnancy is the desire of the woman herself. However, not all pregnant women and not in all cases can undergo medical abortion. In addition to the time frame indicated above, there are other contraindications to the implementation of the medabort:
- allergic reactions to medications in history;
- liver failure;
- adrenal insufficiency;
- pathological bleeding;
- active inflammatory process in a woman's body;
- pulmonary tuberculosis;
- suspicions of;
- oncological processes;
- lactation process;
- implementation of corticosteroid therapy;
- blood coagulation disorders.
How is a medical abortion performed?
Talking about how the pharmabort goes, the doctor explains the stages of the procedure. Previously, a woman needs to undergo a small examination, which is prescribed on the day of treatment:
- ultrasound of the uterus;
- smear on microflora;
- blood test for syphilis.
After receiving the results, the exact time is assigned when the medical abortion will be performed, the terms of which are indicated above. During a second visit, the doctor re-talks with the woman, clarifies the seriousness of her intentions, whether she has changed her mind. Then the patient is given a drug that she drinks in the presence of a doctor. Under the action of the drug, the growth of the endometrium stops, and the muscle layer begins to contract. The woman is observed for 2-3 hours, after which she leaves the clinic.
The patient is given a tablet of another drug that stimulates uterine contractions. Take it after 36-48 hours, as directed by the doctor. Under the action of the drug, the dead embryo is expelled outward. Only after this medical abortion is considered complete. A woman fixes spotting.
Medical termination of pregnancy - drugs
A woman, even if she wishes, cannot independently carry out a pharmacist - pills for its implementation are not sold in the pharmacy chain. When performing a medical abortion, drugs are used with a high content of hormones, so they are issued by a doctor in a medical institution. To carry out medical termination of pregnancy, the following groups of drugs are used:
- Antigestagens- suppress the action of natural progestogens at the receptor level. The representative of this group is Mifepristone, Mifegin. For pharmaceutical use 600 mg of the drug.
- Prostaglandins- increase the contractility of the uterine myometrium. More often from this group, Mirolut is used. 400 mg of the drug is prescribed. It is taken 36-48 hours after the antigestagen.
How to understand that the farmabort was successful?
Complications are possible with any medical procedure, so women are often interested in doctors about how to understand that a medical abortion has failed. For the purpose of excluding possible violations after 14 days, the woman should visit the clinic and undergo a follow-up ultrasound. The doctor must make sure that the fetal egg, its remnants have completely left the uterine cavity. Examine the organ itself, determining the size. In a woman, the doctor specifies the nature of the discharge, the presence and severity pain syndrome. Often, after a pharmaceutical abortion, the test is positive - this is due to an altered hormonal background.
Menstruation after pharmaceutical abortion
Normally, menstruation after a pharmaceutical abortion comes in 28-30 days. Taking abortive drugs practically does not affect the hormonal background of a woman, so menstruation is not disturbed. However, in some cases, there is a change in the volume of secretions: they can be scarce or excessively abundant. So, a small amount of discharge after medical termination of pregnancy may be due to:
- Small opening of the cervix during the abortion process - fragments of the fetus cannot normally come out, accumulating in the uterine cavity.
- Incomplete abortion - the fetal egg is not completely rejected, and the fetus continues to develop.
Within 2-3 days, bleeding is observed after pharmaceutical abortion. Normally, it lasts up to 10-14 days. The fertilized egg is separated in parts, so the discharge lasts a long time. Their volume exceeds the number of menstrual. You need to be careful about the volume, making sure that they do not go into. Signs of such a complication are:
- a large amount of blood secreted from the vagina - in half an hour the sanitary pad (“maxi”) is completely saturated;
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- dizziness;
- skin blanching;
- increase in the number of heartbeats;
- lowering blood pressure.
Sex after pharmacist
After the pharmacist is carried out, what cannot be done and what rules to follow - the doctor explains to the woman. At the same time, special attention is paid to intimate life. Doctors do not recommend women to have sexual intercourse until the spotting stops. Otherwise, there is a high risk of infection of the reproductive system. On average, the period of abstinence should be 2-3 weeks from the moment of abortion.
Pregnancy after pharmaceutical abortion
Properly performed pharmaceutical abortion does not affect the reproductive function. after such an abortion is possible already a month later, in the next menstrual cycle. Given this fact, doctors strongly recommend protection. Often women regret their deeds and wish to become pregnant again. In addition, there are cases when the interruption was carried out according to medical indications, so a woman wants to quickly get pregnant again.
The reproductive system needs time to recover, so you should refrain from planning a pregnancy for 6 months from the moment the medical abortion was performed. During this period, doctors recommend using. In this case, it is better to give preference to mechanical (condom), since the use hormonal drugs may affect the hormonal background.
The news of the upcoming pregnancy does not delight all ladies. There are many reasons for this, from unplanned conception to poor health. To get rid of an unwanted pregnancy, today there are several ways. The safest drug is considered. This method rules out major surgery. It is better tolerated both physically and psychologically. In our article, we will talk about how medical abortion occurs. Also, your attention will be provided with information about possible contraindications and consequences of pharmacological abortion.
Description of the procedure
Medical or pharmacological abortion is a procedure aimed at terminating an unwanted pregnancy without major surgical intervention. It is carried out with the help of certain drugs. Their action is based on blocking the production of progesterone. This hormone is produced in the body of a woman and is responsible for maintaining pregnancy. After taking the pill, a spontaneous miscarriage occurs.
Medical abortion, drugs for this procedure and its implementation - all these issues have been discussed by doctors for a long time. However, only since the end of the last century has it become possible to carry out pharmacological abortion effectively and relatively safely for a woman's health. Experts from France have developed the drug Mifepristone, which belongs to the group of antiprogestins. In the early 1980s, large-scale studies of this drug as an abortion drug were launched in Geneva. A few years later, in France, they began to put it into practice.
Numerous medical studies show that women prefer pharmacological abortion for a number of reasons. First, there is a fear of surgery. Secondly, this method allows you to hide an unwanted pregnancy from relatives and friends.
Advantages of pharmacological abortion over surgical
Medical termination of pregnancy, the timing of which is described below, has a number of significant advantages. We have already mentioned some of them earlier. What other positive points are worth paying attention to?
- No need to take painkillers.
- Fast recovery period.
- The probability of damage to the uterine cavity, the development of adhesive processes or other gynecological complications is excluded.
- Medical abortion resembles heavy periods, so psychologically a woman perceives it as a natural process.
- There is no need to go to the hospital.
- The risk of infection with viral diseases (AIDS or hepatitis) is excluded.
To find out all the nuances of how medical abortion occurs, it is better to consult a gynecologist. The specialist will answer your questions and give useful recommendations.
Permissible terms
Pharmacological abortion can be carried out up to the 6th week of pregnancy, counting from the first day of the last menstruation. The effectiveness of the procedure increases markedly when used in the early stages. Otherwise, other interruption techniques (eg, vacuum aspiration or surgery) may be required.
What drugs are used?
Medicines for the procedure are selected by the doctor. At the same time, he must take into account the individual characteristics of the female body. The drugs used today can be divided into two conditional groups. The first includes "Postinor" and "Escapel". They are used for emergency contraception.
"Postinor" is available in the form of tablets. Its active ingredient is levonorgestrel. Once in the body, it causes certain changes in the endometrium, preventing the process of egg implantation. On the other hand, levonorgestrel suppresses ovulation. According to the instructions, "Postinor" must be drunk immediately after unprotected sexual contact has taken place. First you need to take one pill, and after 12 hours - the second. During the first few hours, its effectiveness is 95%. Within a day, this figure drops to 58%.
"Escapel" has a similar effect, but contains a large dose of levonorgestrel. Therefore, taking the medication is limited to one tablet. This difference between the two means and limited. They have the same effect on the ovulation and fertilization processes.
The second group of drugs includes "Mifepristone" and "Pencrofton". Their use is justified in case of pregnancy, the period of which does not exceed 6 weeks. They are used after implantation of a fertilized egg. Therefore, before prescribing these drugs, it is necessary to conduct a number of clinical studies.
The active ingredient is mifepristone. Its penetration into the body blocks the activity of progesterone, significantly increasing the contractility of the myometrium. As a result of these processes, the cervix begins to expand, expelling the fetal egg. Below we will consider how medical abortion occurs using the last group of medicines. "Mifepristone" and "Pencrofton" are used for this procedure most often.
Possible contraindications
There are a number of circumstances in which medical abortion should not be performed. Reviews of gynecologists warn that it is better to refuse the procedure in the following cases:
- gynecological diseases of an inflammatory nature;
- uterine fibroids;
- long-term treatment with glucocorticoids;
- blood clotting disorder;
- lactation period;
- ectopic first pregnancy.
Medical abortion is not recommended for women over 35 years of age. The drugs used can provoke a sharp change in hormonal levels.
Preparation for the procedure
Pharmacological abortion is a serious procedure that must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. After the appearance of signs of an unwanted pregnancy, you should contact a gynecologist for a preliminary examination. The doctor performs an ultrasound to determine the approximate date of conception. After that, the woman must give written consent to medical termination of pregnancy.
Preparations for the procedure are selected by the gynecologist. Before an abortion, a pregnant woman must also pass several tests, including a swab for flora. If cardiovascular disease is suspected, a cardiogram may be required. After that, the doctor sets the date of the abortion. Before this, it is better to give up heavy food, alcohol and smoking 24 hours in advance.
Stages of pharmacological abortion
After receiving the results of the analyzes, you can proceed directly to the procedure itself. How is a medical abortion performed?
In the absence of obvious contraindications, the doctor gives the woman a drink of the drug. As a rule, these are 3 pills of 200 mg each. The next visit to the gynecologist is recommended after 36 hours. At this stage, the fetus is expelled from the uterus. For this purpose, a woman is given prostaglandins, be sure to instruct about possible consequences. Sometimes she is asked to stay in the clinic for a day to monitor changes in her condition. A woman can be allowed to go home, provided that she adheres to the recommendations of a specialist, and if discomfort contact him immediately.
The first control ultrasound is performed 3 days after taking the drugs. If the remains of the fetus are visualized in the uterine cavity, the doctor decides how to proceed. The second control ultrasound is scheduled in 2 weeks. If necessary, the gynecologist gives direction to the analysis of the level of hCG.
Recovery period
Recovery after the procedure lasts about a month. At this time, you need special attention relate to health and wellness. Fever, pain in the lower abdomen, spotting after medical termination of pregnancy - all these symptoms should be the reason for a visit to the doctor.
After a pharmacological abortion, a woman's body undergoes serious changes. The hormonal background is restored, the reproductive sphere is rebuilt, immunity decreases, and the risk of developing inflammation increases. Therefore, it is necessary to take care of yourself, give the body time to normalize the work of the main systems.
Within 14 days after the abortion, you should refuse to visit the bathhouse, have sexual intercourse, play sports and use tampons. If you follow these tips, you can hope for a successful recovery of the body.
Bleeding after an abortion - normal or pathological?
Negative consequences of medical termination of pregnancy are extremely rare, but they are still possible. One of them is bleeding.
The appearance of blood clots after taking the first pill is considered normal. For 5 days, the discharge is usually copious. After this period, they become more scarce, and then completely stop. For some women, spotting continues until the first menstrual period.
Their character depends solely on individual features organism. At first they may be scarlet in color, then dark and brownish in the end. It is necessary to control bleeding after medical termination of pregnancy, to monitor their volume. It is considered pathological to use more than two pads per hour.
In the presence of severe bleeding or with its abrupt cessation, you should immediately contact a gynecologist. If this is not possible, it is necessary to call a team of medical workers.
Complications of medical abortion
Pharmacological abortion is considered a relatively safe procedure, but it is not without its drawbacks. After taking medications, side effects may occur, including:
- Pain discomfort. AT this case it all depends on the characteristics of the organism, the threshold of its sensitivity. Before the procedure, the doctor should talk about possible painful sensations. To eliminate them, antispasmodics and analgesics are usually prescribed. It is not recommended to take medications on your own, you need to consult a doctor.
- Nausea and vomiting. Pregnancy itself can be accompanied by such symptoms. Sometimes nausea and vomiting are caused by prostaglandins prescribed by a gynecologist. These side effects are rare, but they go away on their own.
- Temperature rise. The consequences of medical termination of pregnancy of this nature are caused by taking medications. As a rule, the temperature rises to 38 degrees and lasts no more than 4 hours. If an unpleasant symptom does not disappear, most likely it is a consequence of the inflammatory process. You should tell your doctor about the change in well-being, who will already prescribe the appropriate therapy.
- Diarrhea. It's short term side effect which does not require specific treatment.
- Hematometer. This disorder is characterized by the accumulation of blood clots in the uterine cavity. Its development is preceded by a spasm of the neck of the reproductive organ. You can eliminate the violation with the help of medicines.
These pathologies rarely accompany medical abortion. Reviews of women who have undergone this procedure confirm this statement. Pharmacological abortion leaves practically no noticeable consequences if it is done by a qualified specialist and in the absence of contraindications.
Service cost
Where is medical abortion performed? This question worries many women. Almost everyone provides this service. medical institutions. It is recommended to seek her help in the hospital where your attending gynecologist works.
The final cost of the procedure may vary depending on the drugs used, the prestige of the clinic and the qualifications of the specialist. A certain role in this matter belongs to the woman's stay in the hospital after the gynecologist performs a medical abortion. The price of the service in this case can be from 7 to 11 thousand rubles.
